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The article analyzes research on comics and the formation of readers, reviewing the concomitances and intersections between comics and the didactics of children's and youth literature. The main problems that research on comics faces are examined, such as the complexity of its definition and its epistemological location. Although there has been an increase in research on comics, it still faces challenges in its academic consideration and its presence in libraries and classrooms. The text addresses the lack of a solid and rigorous academic discourse in research on comics, as well as the difficulty in defining its identity and location in the field of children's and youth literature. The concern for the exposure of complex themes in comics aimed at children and young people is also highlighted, as well as the restrictive conception of childhood as the exclusive recipient of this type of work. In addition, the history of marginalization and denial of children's literature and comics is mentioned. The article analyzes the evolution of comics as a literary genre and its consideration as an object of study. The break in the identification of comics with the child audience and the incorporation of the adult perspective in works published during the 1950s and 1960s is highlighted. The marginalization and lack of legitimacy of comics, as well as the prejudices and stereotypes associated with their reading, are also addressed. However, the change in its consideration in Spain is highlighted, with greater attention in the media, the creation of awards, and its presence in libraries and bookstores. The article analyzes the growth of the comic market aimed at adults in Spain, highlighting the year 2007 as a milestone with the publication of works such as "María y yo" by Miguel Gallardo and "Arrugas" by Paco Roca. These works marked a change in Spanish comics towards social and political themes. However, the use of the term "graphic novel" has generated controversy, with two main perspectives: the culturalist, which sees comics as an artistic expression, and the integrative, which considers the appeal to "graphic novel" unnecessary to legitimize its cultural value. The article also addresses prejudices about comics and their impact on the formation of readers, highlighting their role in shaping the imagination of generations of children and adolescents. It is argued that comics do not imply a lower reading competence and that their inclusion in the classroom can contribute to the integral development of students. The importance of mediator training and the need for an artistic canon of comics to bring quality titles to the classroom are highlighted. In conclusion, comics offer opportunities for the formation of competent readers and the renewal of the school canon. The article discusses the lack of inclusion of comics in education and the educational curriculum, despite its pedagogical advantages. The lack of knowledge about quality titles and prejudices can lead to the exclusion of comics in the academic and classroom environment, which implies the loss of an aesthetic and pleasurable reading experience for students. Several studies and references related to the topic are mentioned. [Extracted from the article]

The exit of the United Kingdom from the European Union, popularly known as Brexit, has a great media coverage in Spain. Thus, this paper analyses the journalistic treatment and the ideological bias that this political event received. To do this, a study of the semantic prosody of the term 'Brexit' in the Spanish press was carried out. The study covers a broad period of time, from the exit referendum in June 2016 to the second extension in October 2019. To achieve the analysis, a corpus for specific purposes was compiled made up of the most widely read newspapers in Spain according to the Estudio General de Medios. Specifically, four generalist newspapers (El País, El Mundo, La Vanguardia and ABC) and three economic newspapers (Expansión, Cinco Días and El Economista). The data obtained showed that Brexit received mostly negative coverage in all newspapers, especially economic newspapers that presented a greater number of negative co-occurrences with the term Brexit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic has reached most countries in the world. In the field of political communication, it is an unprecedented challenge for world political leaders. The aim of this research is to analyze the war rhetoric of Pedro Sánchez, President of Spain, one of the countries most affected by the pandemic. It takes his official speeches delivered from March 10 to April 22 as a reference. Content analysis is used with a procedure created for this case, under the approach of the Critical Discourse Analysis and combining a quantitative and qualitative perspective. After a thorough bibliographical review on the use of war rhetoric in public discourse, a corpus of lexical units w identified and interpreted in context: 101 lexical units and 359 phrases or metaphors with war or military reminiscences are detected in the 13 discourses of the corpus. The greatest "warlike weight" concentrates on the most serious moments and on the victims and those infected during the crisis. The war is the transmission vehicle used by the President of the Spanish Government to convey, in a simple, visual, and moving way, a government decision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article is part of the research framework of the R + D Research Project DIPURE (The Public Discourse on Refugees in Spain). The refugee crisis with which the media refers to the notable increase in refugees in 2015- especially-in the wake of the intensified conflict in Syria, our purpose is to analyze critically the discourse of written media (press) relating to educational issues. For which, the principles of the critical discourse analysis on which we base ourselves, as a research practice and instrument of social action, allow to reveal the form of symbolic construction of people, both individually and socially. Thus, the discursive representation of refugees in the press, in relation to education, with the education system or with the application -or not- of educational projects, evidences the treatment of the topic and its own social repercussion. The analysis of the data, composed of a corpus of 2943 news (April 2015-May 2017), is based on the works of discursive perspective of Brown and Yule (1983), Calsamiglia and Tusón (1999), Cortés and Camacho (2003), Íñiguez (2003) or López Alonso (2014), among others; as well as in the postulates of critical orientation of the discourse of Bañón (2002, 2003, 2004, 2007), Fairclough (1994, 1995, 2003), Fairclough and Wodak (2000), Sarangi and Coulthard (2000), Van Dijk (1997, 2000a, 2000b, 2003) and Wodak (2000) or Wodak and Meyer (2001), among others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Current research on public opinion shows a high level of discredit of trade unions in Spain. This article focuses on one of the expressions of this discredit: the discourse on trade unionism by mass media. To this purpose, the anti-union discourse by the conservative newspaper La Razón during the first semester of 2012 is analysed. Firstly, 868 headlines of news relating to trade unions in this newspaper are explored and classified into neutral, negative or positive content. Secondly, the structure and elements of the anti-union discourse in a selection of news reports is analysed. The results reinforce the thesis that trade unions are subject to an intensive disparaging campaign which is seriously damaging their public image and their social power. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we present the results of a larger investigation in which, relying on the concept of interpretative repertoire put forward by Poter and Wetherell, we analyze the emerging discursive framework of the Andalusian Public Health System in terms of the arguments-ideas behind such framework. In a previous paper, we identified three major discursive groups that we labelled as critical, ontological, and legitimating. At this second stage, we address the subjectivities constructed on the basis of these repertoires and we emphasize three categories of subjects: healthcare, non-healthcare, and citizens. We draw attention to the multi-discursive nature of the organization and, therefore, the multi-referentiality inherent in the processes of subjectivity construction as well as the --potential-- organisational consequences of assuming one or another type of subjectivity. We conclude by proposing the need for a dialogic model of management that includes the system's multi-discursive variety toward a same direction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Guidelines for Spanish university curricula include the descriptor Quantitative and Qualitative Methods, but the latter are still poorly represented. Method: To inform the argument for phenomenological methods, the last 20-year interval of ISI databases has been content-analyzed with the following codes: discourse analysis, grounded theory, narrative analysis, phenomenological analysis and confirmatory factor analysis, that is, four qualitative methods and a prototypical quantitative one. Results: In absolute terms, the most frequent qualitative method is grounded theory, followed by discourse analysis, phenomenological analysis and narrative analysis. However, taking into account content categories, only phenomenological analysis shows a clear psychological profile, similar to confirmatory factor analysis. Conclusions: We recommend starting qualitative training with a method that does not require either big groups, or big funding, and that has a procedural core that is simple, relatively well-delimited and "secularizable," a variety of thematic analysis. Historical reasons and the clear psychological profile evidenced by our results enhance our argument to foster the inclusion of phenomenological analysis in research method courses in psychology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to know how Catalonian citizens account water controversies in Spain, we analyzed six focus groups carried out in Catalonia in 2006. A concept of ‘urban social identity' is used for our interpretations, having been adapted to highlight its interactional character. Tracking the spatial categories used in the discussions, we identified the variety of denominations employed to debate water problems in Spain. The analysis is focused on the most frequent categories to establish their utility and identify discursive actions that participants produce. Results indicate that speakers account the “water problems" mobilizing a common sense political geography that highlights the socio-spatial and conflicting character of water issues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research reported in this article is the result of an innovative teaching project carried out on the virtual campus of the University of Huelva involving the third-year students on practicum in the Social Education Diploma course. The collaborative learning processes within an asynchronic context of curricular practicals are examined by analysing speech and the depth and breadth of the social networks that emerged. This interpretation enables us to conceive future research and experiences to shape quality indicators for these learning methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper makes a discourse analysis of the Civic Ordinance of Barcelona, adopted by the City Hall of Barcelona- Spain in January of 2006, in order to typify and manage behaviour in the public spaces of the city. The textual corpus we used for this analysis is the Ordinance project in its two versions. The Discourse Analysis methodology used in this study has been proposed by different authors in this field (Martín Rojo, 2001; Parker, 1992; Potter & Wetherell, 1987; Van Dijk, 2003; Wetherell, 2001). Results point to the emergence of two kinds of discourses inside the text, as well as the strategies from which both discourses allow the construction of citizens' identities as a new way of governability in the spaces of contemporary European cities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]