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The article discusses the role that necessity played in the invention of paperweights from the late 19th century through the 1950s in the U.S., including the electrical engineer Charles P. Steinmetz's use of ad-hoc paperweights throughout his career. An overview of various items used to hold down paper, including rounded stones and horseshoes, is provided.

Deals with the attempts of the US President Bill Clinton's administration to facilitate the transition to totally chlorine-free (TCF) paper. Goals of an executive order requiring federal government to purchase TCF paper to satisfy a portion of its paper needs; Details of the `Cluster Rule ' of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA); Proposals of the EPA to reduce dioxin pollution. INSETS: Breaking it down from wood to paper;The big deal recycling executive order.

Discusses issues concerning the catalog industry in the U.S. View of Todd Paglia of Forest Ethics organization, on the catalog industry; Results of the 2002 study entitled "Does Your Catalog Care?," conducted by the Environmental Defense; Aim of the initiative, Recycle Please, by the American Forest & Paper Association; Contact information.

This article looks at results of the "Environmental Trends and Climate Impacts: Findings From the U.S. Book Industry" survey. According to the study, the cutting of trees accounts for nearly 63% of the industry's carbon footprint, while paper production and printing accounts for 26.6%. In all, it is estimated that the industry produced a carbon dioxide equivalent net emission of about 12.4 million tons in 2006, and a net emission of 8.85 pounds per book sold to consumers.

The article focuses on the newly developed electronic paper technology in the U.S. It has been predicted that the demonstration of electronic products indicates the E-paper technology's readiness in the market. The E-paper was made out of organic electronics which contains tiny balls of ink designed to respond to electric charges in the monitor of the computer and act like pixels. This new technology was developed by the Xerox Palo Alto Research Center which was first named as Gyricon. Recently, continuous developments and improvements were conducted on the E-paper in terms of its contrast ratios, resolutions and brightness levels.

Presents issues relevant to environmentalism in the U.S. as of October 2002. Information on various tree-free sources of paper; Trend in used building material centers; Literacy program on renewable energy.

Investigates paper consumption and recycling in law libraries in the United States. Percentage of large law libraries that are throwing away their paper wastes; Lack of mandatory recycling programs in states; First step towards participation in a paper recycling program.

Reports on the concerns of book publishers over the rising cost of paper in the United States. Effects to book prices; Percentage gains in 1994; Average cost of paper; Trends in the pricing of paperback books; Simon & Schuster Consumer Group's efforts to manage book-making costs; HarperCollins' use of lighter paper grades in book-making. INSETS: Business cycle swings to paper companies' side, by J.M.;Kenaf: A paper alternative to ponder, by Lisa See..

This article reports on the signing into law of PL 101-423 by U.S. President George Bush on October 12, 1990, making it the official policy of the U.S. that federal records, books, and publications of enduring value be produced on acid-free permanent papers. Under the auspices of the law, the Librarian of the Congress, the Archivist of the United States, and the Public Printer shall jointly monitor the federal government's progress in implementing the national policy. Vice chair of the Joint Committee on the Library, Senator Claiborne Pell declared that the law could result in a net reduction of costs to the government, in that the deacidification of government materials is setting the U.S. an estimate savings of $100 million. Several Library Congress publications are already printed on acid-free paper.

The article discusses the impact of rising costs and supply shortages of paper on publishers in the U.S. Topics covered include increase in price of paper per ton, according to a report by printer Quad Graphics, factors contributing to the reduction in paper supply such as shutdown of some Canadian paper mills and reduced imports from China, factors driving up paper prices, and the need for U.S. publishers to look for alternative sources of paper.

The article reports on the reduction of paper usage due to recession and employee layoffs in the U.S.

The article features the website catalogchoice.org in the U.S. The website provides tips and strategies that will help households to effectively manage unwanted catalogs they receive. It also plays significant role in reducing spending costs as well as the burden experienced by households on paper wastes.

The article shares the author's technique in using self-stick shelf paper in the U.S. When using self-stick shelf paper, the author does not tear off all the backing. Instead, she cut it to fit and only tear the backing off around the edges. The shelf paper slips easily into place and when the author removes it, there is no sticky residue left on the shelf.

Discusses the increase in paper consumption in the U.S. as of April 2004. Result of a study conducted by the University of California-Berkeley on paper consumption in the U.S.; Contribution of "E" magazine to paper waste; Suggested solution in saving trees.

Provides information on the use of cellulose by researchers at the University of Texas in Austin, as the main ingredient for making electronic paper. Typical strategy for making e-paper; Goal of the researchers for using cellulose; Paper-making process through the use of cellulose.

Features a stationery from Olivia Mullin. Foldover notes and long flat cards; Uses of the stationery.

Presents the method of making the paper fan in the U.S. Uses of the fan; Materials used; Fan size.

Announces the donation of a grant from the National Park Service's National Center for Preservation Technology and Training to the Barbara Goldsmith Conservation Laboratory of the New York Public Library's Research Libraries. Plans to use the money toward the creation of two multimedia resources to train people in the conservation of paper artifacts and manuscripts; Distribution of the materials in multiple formats; Types of subjects the resources will depict.

Describes an electronic paper in a laboratory in Xerox Corporation's Palo Alto Research Center (PARC) in California. Comments from scientist Robert Sprague; Reputation of the center; Information on the development arm of Xerox called Xerox New Enterprises; Future plans of Xerox.

Reports on the increase in paper prices due to a shortage in the United States.

Discusses the presence of a minute amount of radioactivity in the paper used in books and journals. Presence of radium-226, thorium-232, potassium-40, cesium-137 and other radionuclides in journals made of high-quality paper; Difference in radioactivity due to difference in type of pulp, the production processes and the additives used.

Focuses on the yearly average volume of paper used in the legal profession in California. Percentage share of paper in the total solid waste volume of the state; Proposal to require all lawyers to use recycled paper; Position of the Sierra Club Legal Defense Fund on the issue.

Reports on the dramatic increase in the prices of paper and the occurrence of a paper shortage partly as a result of government recycling mandates. Newsprint; Standard-grade magazine paper; Cardboard paper; Price hikes' impact on newspapers; Cyclical nature of the paper industry; Switch to recycled-paper production.

Reports on developments concerning the use of alternative fiber paper in the United States as of summer 1995. Earth Island Institution's Forest Friendly Paper Campaign's plans to release its book Forest Friendly Paper Guide' in 1996; Increase in the number of organizations using paper produced from the Kenaf plant; Advantages of using Kenaf-based paper.

Reports on the increase in prices of paper products in the United States. Increase in worldwide demand for newsprint; Reasons for the paper price increase. INSETS: Clean paper: A symbol solution.;Tree-free to the rescue..

Provides an overview on the use of kenaf paper in the United States. `Earth Island Journal's request for President Bill Clinton to promote the use of tree-free paper; US Department of Agriculture's acquisition of kenaf-plat paper to publish the proceedings of the Second International Biomass Conference; Organizations that uses kenaf paper.

Reports on the commercial production of paper made from hemp in the United States. Development of a technique to increase the production and lower the cost of hemp paper; TreeFree EcoPaper Co.'s sale of note pads and letter paper from a 50-50 blend of hemp and cereal straw.

Reports that paper makes up 53% of the solid waste disposed in the District of Columbia.

The article focuses on the rising costs of paper. Magazine publishers are dealing with numerous rising costs, including technology investments, postage, editors, and paper. Due to the weakness of the American dollar, publishers' overseas options are increasingly being restricted. In 2007, paper is emerging from an era of rising and falling prices. Coupled with structural changes, including mergers and a growing role for private equity, prices will continue to increase into 2008.

The article focuses on the advancement of flexible substrate front necessary in the development of the electronic paper and electronic ink technology in the U.S. Among the identified substrates which need to be further investigated were glass, plastic, polymer films and metallic foils. For the substrates to be considered, it must be bendable, rollable and be acceptable to any type of technologies. While it should be bendable, it must also be not breakable and must also be capable to provide full-color.

Reports on the pressure in book prices due to the increase in paper and printing costs in the U.S. in March 2005. Price increase in backlist titles, according to Jack Romanos, CEO of Simon & Schuster; Expectations of manufacturers and publishers on the state of the industry; Percentage increase in volume posted by printer Quebecor in the last quarter of 2004.

Reveals that decline of the price of paper in the United States. Decline of paper consumption by publishing companies; Move of paper companies to reduce their production; Impact of the decline in advertising expenditures to the paper and publishing industries.

Forecasts the increase in paper prices in 1996. Percentage increase of paper prices since mid-1994; Comments of Sherman Chao, a paper industry analyst at Merrill Lynch; Reasons for paper mills' financial losses in the early 1990s.

Reports on the marketing strategies of catalogers to deal with the paper price hike. Analysis of the situation by Bill Dean, managing director of Bruce, Dean & Co., a San Francisco-based catalog consultant; Note on the effect of the paper cost hike on leading catalogers like Dodgeville, Wisconsin-based Lands' End, the Minnetonka, based in Minnesota and others.

Reports on the effect of the paper price hike brought on by worldwide demand for paper, on the newspaper and magazine publishing in the United States. Paper mills that have announced price hikes effective September 1, 1995; Times Mirror Co.'s move to merge the `Evening Sun' into the revamped morning Sun'; Price hike in magazines; Advertisement rate hikes planned; Factors that could keep paper prices high.

Discusses the impact of increasing book paper prices on the book publishing industry in the United States. Reports from Rob Gallen, editor of the `Pulp & Paper Week' periodical; Elasticity of demand for book paper; Views from industry officials. INSET: The year of merging hopefully..

The article discusses the lack of housing assistance in the U.S. and the high amount of papers used and stored in offices during the 1980s. In 1988, city leaders were facing the challenge of providing social services, with housing as a major problem, according to William Davis, then president of the National League of Cities. That year, about 1.3 trillion documents were stored in U.S. offices which was negatively affecting cities by driving up storage costs.

The article offers news briefs on collections given to university libraries in the U.S. Broadcast executive Bill Brothers has given his collection of 20th-century films to the University of Florida at Gainesville's Smathers Libraries. The University of California at Berkeley has announced that its Bancroft Library will be receiving more than 450 boxes of papers spanning the 30-year public service career of Berkeley alumnus Robert Matsui, who served in the U.S. Congress.

The article reports on the increase in paper prices in the U.S. in January 2006. Paper prices rose an average of about 5% in January, and another 5% increase is set for April. While paper demand has risen slightly, the most important reason for the ability of paper companies to increase prices has to do with a sharp drop in supply. Several printers expressed concern that if paper and production costs in general became too high, smaller publishers will decide not to publish marginal books.

Reports on the approval of the United States Food and Drug Administration for Starbucks Coffee Co. to use recycled content specifically for hot beverage cups. Completion of tests on recycled paper fiber; Production of paper for conversion into cups.