1. Une amitié nécessaire: entraide et fraternité dans le champ des comic books québécois (1984-1995).
- Author
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Rioux, Philippe
- Subjects
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COMIC books, strips, etc. , *ILLUSTRATORS , *PUBLISHING , *PUBLISHERS' libraries , *ADVERTISING - Abstract
Since their first appearance in the 1930s, American comic books have been presented as collective works dependent on collaboration between a variable number of actors, namely writers, illustrators, inkers, colorists, letterers, and publishers. In the fast-moving world of serial comic book publishing (new works are generally released monthly), this teamwork-based approach is necessary for ensuring continuous productivity. This work method, having proven effective, was also adopted by the majority of Quebec comic book publishers from the early 1980s onward. However, in these cases, collaboration sometimes moves beyond the sharing of work between creators employed by the same publisher. In fact, correspondence between publishers and the peritexts of their published works reveal that a spirit of collegial solidarity unites rival producers, who exchange both ideas and advice about their respective series, and in doing so, contribute indirectly to the content of comic books published by their competitors. Nevertheless, the reasons giving rise to this mutual aid between publishers may be worth questioning. From a sense of friendship between colleagues to pure commercial opportunism, what issues specific to the field of comic book publishing in Quebec does this apparent sense of fraternity reveal? What are the conditions that contribute to the exchange of services between publishers, scriptwriters, and illustrators? In short, how can this sense of solidarity between competing producers evolving within the same competitive market be explained? This article will answer these questions in an effort to shed more light on the social dimension of serial comic book production in Quebec and Canada. It will reveal that collaboration among actors evolving in the québécois field of comic book publishing (and sometimes also in the Anglo-Canadian and American spheres) serves to consolidate the position independent publishers occupy in the constrained market in which they are attempting to invest themselves. The sense of fraternity that unites them is welcome and necessary in that it fosters interpersonal relationships that are more transactional than conflictual in nature, which can transform potential competitors into advertising or legitimating entities, and perhaps even into creative partners. This dynamic creates an alliance in which all parties benefit from a collaborative approach, which acts as a collective defence against the threat of market domination by comic book publishing industry giants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020