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Atom manufacturing has become a blooming frontier direction in the field of material and chemical science in recent years, focusing on the fabrication of functional materials and devices with individual atoms or with atomic precision. Framework nucleic acids (FNAs) refer to nanoscale nucleic acid framework structures with novel properties distinct from those of conventional nucleic acids. Due to their ability to be precisely positioned and assembled at the nanometer or even atomic scale, FNAs are ideal materials for atom manufacturing. They hold great promise for the bottom-up construction of electronic devices by precisely arranging and integrating building blocks with atomic or near-atomic precision. In this review, we summarize the progress of atom manufacturing based on FNAs. We begin by introducing the atomic-precision construction of FNAs and the intrinsic electrical properties of DNA molecules. Then, we describe various approaches for the fabrication of FNAs templated materials and devices, which are classified as conducting, insulating, or semiconducting based on their electrical properties. We highlight the role of FNAs in the fabrication of functional electronic devices with atomic precision, as well as the challenges and opportunities for atom manufacturing with FNAs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During development, many aspects of behaviour, including partner preferences and sexual behaviour, are "organized" by neural aromatization of androgen and oestrogen. This study aimed to analyse these processes in the mandarin vole (Microtus mandarinus); this is a novel mammalian model exhibiting strong monogamous pair bonds. Male pups were treated daily with a sesame oil only (MC) or the oestrogen receptor blocker‐clomiphene citrate sesame oil mixture (MT) from prenatal day 14 to postnatal day 10. Female pups were treated daily with sesame oil only (FC). Partner preferences, sexual behaviour, and the expression of androgen receptor (AR) and arginine vasopressin (AVP) were examined when animals were 3 months old. The MT and FC groups exhibited male‐directed partner preferences and feminized behaviour. AR‐immunoreactive neurons (AR‐IRs) in the medial preoptic area (mPOA), bed nucleus of stria terminalis (BNST), and medial amygdaloid nucleus (MeA) were reduced in MT males compared to MC males, and there was no significant difference in the number of AR‐IRs between MT males and FC females. AVP‐immunoreactive neurons (AVP‐IRs) in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and supraoptic nucleus (SON) were reduced in MT males compared to MC males, and there were no significant differences in the number of AVP‐IRs between MT males and FC females. The results indicate a significant role of hormone signalling in the development of male mate preference in the novel monogamous mammal model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Marine biofouling is one of the most significant challenges hindering practical uranium extraction from seawater. Single atoms have been widely used in catalytic applications because of their remarkable redox property, implying that the single atom is highly capable of catalyzing the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and acts as an anti‐biofouling substance for controlling biofouling. In this study, the Co single atom loaded polyacrylamidoxime (PAO) material, PAO‐Co, is fabricated based on the binding ability of the amidoxime group to uranyl and cobalt ions. Nitrogen and oxygen atoms from the amidoxime group stabilize the Co single atom. The fabricated PAO‐Co exhibits a broad range of antimicrobial activity against diverse marine microorganisms by producing ROS, with an inhibition rate up to 93.4%. The present study is the first to apply the single atom for controlling biofouling. The adsorbent achieves an ultrahigh uranium adsorption capacity of 9.7 mg g−1 in biofouling‐containing natural seawater, which decreased only by 11% compared with that in biofouling‐removed natural seawater. These findings indicate that applying single atoms would be a promising strategy for designing biofouling‐resistant adsorbents for uranium extraction from seawater. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An adaptive coordination structure is vital for selective uranium extraction from seawater. By strategy of molecular imprinting, uranyl is introduced into a multivariate metal–organic framework (MOF) during the synthesis process to guide the in situ construction of proper nanocage structure for targeting uranyl binding. Except for the coordination between uranium with four oxygen from the materials, the axial oxygen of uranyl also forms hydrogen bonds with hydrogen from the phenolic hydroxyl group, which enhances the binding affinity of the material to uranyl. Attributing to the high binding affinity, the adsorbent shows high uranium binding selectivity to uranyl against not only the interfering metal ions, but also the carbonate group that coordinates with uranyl to form [UO2(CO)3]4− in seawater. In natural seawater, the adsorbent realizes a high uranium adsorption capacity of 7.35 mg g−1, together with an 18.38 times higher selectivity to vanadium. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An adaptive coordination structure is vital for selective uranium extraction from seawater. By strategy of molecular imprinting, uranyl is introduced into a multivariate metal–organic framework (MOF) during the synthesis process to guide the in situ construction of proper nanocage structure for targeting uranyl binding. Except for the coordination between uranium with four oxygen from the materials, the axial oxygen of uranyl also forms hydrogen bonds with hydrogen from the phenolic hydroxyl group, which enhances the binding affinity of the material to uranyl. Attributing to the high binding affinity, the adsorbent shows high uranium binding selectivity to uranyl against not only the interfering metal ions, but also the carbonate group that coordinates with uranyl to form [UO2(CO)3]4− in seawater. In natural seawater, the adsorbent realizes a high uranium adsorption capacity of 7.35 mg g−1, together with an 18.38 times higher selectivity to vanadium. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The detection of environmental uranyl is attracting increasing attention. However, the available detection strategies mainly depend on the selective recognition of uranyl, which is subject to severe interference by coexisting metal ions. Herein, based on the unique uranyl‐triggered photocleavage property, the protein BSA is labelled with fluorescent molecules that exhibit an aggregation‐induced emission effect for uranyl detection. Uranyl‐triggered photocleavage causes the separation of the fluorescent‐molecule‐labelled protein fragments, leading to attenuation of the emission fluorescence, which is used as a signal for uranyl detection. This detection strategy shows high selectivity for uranyl and an ultralow detection limit of 24 pM with a broad detection range covering five orders of magnitude. The detection method also shows high reliability and stability, making it a promising technique for practical applications in diverse environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The detection of environmental uranyl is attracting increasing attention. However, the available detection strategies mainly depend on the selective recognition of uranyl, which is subject to severe interference by coexisting metal ions. Herein, based on the unique uranyl‐triggered photocleavage property, the protein BSA is labelled with fluorescent molecules that exhibit an aggregation‐induced emission effect for uranyl detection. Uranyl‐triggered photocleavage causes the separation of the fluorescent‐molecule‐labelled protein fragments, leading to attenuation of the emission fluorescence, which is used as a signal for uranyl detection. This detection strategy shows high selectivity for uranyl and an ultralow detection limit of 24 pM with a broad detection range covering five orders of magnitude. The detection method also shows high reliability and stability, making it a promising technique for practical applications in diverse environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The extraction of uranium from seawater, which is an abundant resource, has attracted considerable attention as a viable form of energy‐resource acquisition. The two critical factors for boosting the chemical thermodynamics of uranium extraction from seawater are the availability of sufficient amounts of uranyl ions for supply to adsorbents and increased interaction temperatures. However, current approaches only rely on the free diffusion of uranyl ions from seawater to the functional groups within adsorbents, which largely limits the uranium extraction capacity. Herein, inspired by the mechanism of plant transpiration, a plant‐mimetic directional‐channel poly(amidoxime) (DC‐PAO) hydrogel is designed to enhance the uranium extraction efficiency via the active pumping of uranyl ions into the adsorbent. Compared with the original PAO hydrogel without plant‐mimetic transpiration, the uranium extraction capacity of the DC‐PAO hydrogel increases by 79.33% in natural seawater and affords the fastest reported uranium extraction average rate of 0.917 mg g−1 d−1 among the most state‐of‐the‐art amidoxime group‐based adsorbents, along with a high adsorption capacity of 6.42 mg g−1 within 7 d. The results indicate that the proposed method can enhance the efficiency of solar‐transpiration‐based uranium extraction from seawater, particularly in terms of reducing costs and saving processing time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Magnetic-single-molecular material is used for uranium adsorption for the first time. • Fully exposure of functional group guarantees high uranium adsorption capacity. • The magnetism of the adsorbent endows it with high recyclability and reusability. • High adsorption capacity of 84.31 mg/g is achieved in simulated nuclear wastewater. • Highest uranium adsorption speed is achieved in simulated nuclear wastewater. Highly efficient treatment of uranium contamination is of great importance for the sustainable development of the environment. The recovery of uranium by adsorbents is a feasible strategy for treating uranium contamination. However, due to insufficient exposure of the contact interfaces, currently available adsorbents usually take extremely long time for uranium adsorption. Herein, a magnetic-single-molecular amidoxime adsorbent M−AO−Fc is fabricated for highly efficient recovery of uranium from nuclear wastewater by endowing the amidoximated cyanoferrocene with magnetism. The adsorbent M−AO−Fc shows a maximum uranium adsorption capacity of 510.60 mg/g in uranium solution. In an acidic simulated nuclear wastewater containing a large number of interfering ions, M−AO−Fc also shows a high uranium adsorption capacity of 84.31 mg/g within a short equilibrium time of 60 min. The full dispersion of M−AO−Fc and full exposure of functional groups are the critical reasons for the excellent uranium adsorption performance. Attributing to the magnetism of M−AO−Fc, this adsorbent can be efficiently recovered by magnetic recovery and shows high reusability. This study proves that the magnetic-single-molecule would be a promising adsorbent for uranium recovery and opens up a new direction for designing a uranium adsorbent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A new double-network hydrogel is explored for uranium recovery from seawater. • U-adsorption capacity of the hydrogel is greatly enhanced by added nanoclay. • Mechanical property of the hydrogel is largely improved by th double-network. • Used materials are lowcost and the hydrogel owns good U-adsorption reusability. Massive uranium recovery from seawater is a key project to provide the long-time consumption of global nuclear power, while it is still greatly difficult to achieve high-efficient adsorbents with high mechanical property. In this work, a new nanoclay-poly(amidoxime) (NC-PAO) high-strength double-network (DN) composite hydrogel adsorbent with high-efficient and fast uranium extraction capacity has been explored. The uranium adsorbing performance can be significantly enhanced by the small content of added super-hydrophilic NC (Laponite RDS sheets), because of the largely improved hydrophilicity of the hydrogel. Compared with the blank PAO DN hydrogel without nanoclay, the uranium adsorbing capacity of this NC-PAO DN hydrogel can largely increase 73.4% from 4.97 mg/g to 8.62 mg/g, after in seawater only 25 days. The uranium adsorption rate of this hydrogel from natural seawater, can reached 0.345 mg/(g∙day), which is excellent among existing uranium adsorbents. Furthermore, this hydrogel has high mechanical performance with 2.42 MPa of tensile strength and 16.13 MPa of compressive strength, which can be used in seawater for relatively longer time than traditional low-strength single-network hydrogel, owing to its double network (DN) structure (the weakly crosslinked gelatin soft network and the strongly crosslinked cellulose nanofiber (CNF) hard network). This NC-PAO DN hydrogel adsorbent will be an excellent candidate for fast uranium recovery from seawater in largescale. Most importantly, this work will inspire the development of new hydrogel-based adsorbents and even other type of adsorbents for high-efficient uranium extraction, through compositing various low-cost and super-hydrophilic nanomaterials to significantly improve the hydrophilicity of the adsorbent and designing double-network structure to largely enhance the mechanical property. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • A charge balanced adsorbent is fabricated for uranium extraction from seawater. • The adsorbent can resistant both biofouling and abiotic fouling. • The uranium extraction capacity is highly enhanced. • The uranium adsorption ability and anti-adhesive ability are highly reusable. The extraction of uranium from seawater is vital to meet the increase demands of uranium resource for the nuclear energy industry, while it is severe hazarded by the marine fouling, including both the biofouling and abiotic fouling. Previous reports only focused on the control of biofouling and rare attention is paid to the abiotic fouling. However, the abiotic fouling is the fundamental of the biofouling. Herein, a charged balanced hydrogel adsorbent is fabricated by introducing the charge-positive tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) into the charge-negative polyacrylamidoxime (PAO). The fabricated PAO-CB hydrogel membrane shows high anti-adhesive ability to the marine fouling, including both the biofouling and abiotic fouling, which is due to the decrease of the charge attraction between the adsorbent and the charged contaminants. Benefitting from the reduce of marine fouling, the PAO-CB hydrogel membrane shows a high uranium extraction capacity of 8.59 mg g−1, which is higher than that of PAO hydrogel membrane by 44.59%. The finding of this study indicates that the construction of charge balanced adsorbent would be an effective strategy to control the complicated marine fouling during uranium extraction from seawater. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • A charge balanced adsorbent is fabricated for uranium extraction from seawater. • The adsorbent can resistant both biofouling and abiotic fouling. • The uranium extraction capacity is highly enhanced. • The uranium adsorption ability and anti-adhesive ability are highly reusable. The extraction of uranium from seawater is vital to meet the increase demands of uranium resource for the nuclear energy industry, while it is severe hazarded by the marine fouling, including both the biofouling and abiotic fouling. Previous reports only focused on the control of biofouling and rare attention is paid to the abiotic fouling. However, the abiotic fouling is the fundamental of the biofouling. Herein, a charged balanced hydrogel adsorbent is fabricated by introducing the charge-positive tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) into the charge-negative polyacrylamidoxime (PAO). The fabricated PAO-CB hydrogel membrane shows high anti-adhesive ability to the marine fouling, including both the biofouling and abiotic fouling, which is due to the decrease of the charge attraction between the adsorbent and the charged contaminants. Benefitting from the reduce of marine fouling, the PAO-CB hydrogel membrane shows a high uranium extraction capacity of 8.59 mg g−1, which is higher than that of PAO hydrogel membrane by 44.59%. The finding of this study indicates that the construction of charge balanced adsorbent would be an effective strategy to control the complicated marine fouling during uranium extraction from seawater. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]