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Emergency management bears the important responsibility of preventing and resolving security risks and responding to disasters and accidents in time. At the same time, it shoulders the important mission of protecting people's lives and property and maintaining social stability. However, there is little research on the forecast of the huge gap and demand for talent. To strengthen the emergency management ability and modernization, improve the ability of emergency management personnel training and solve the shortage of emergency management personnel at this stage, this paper studied the positioning of emergency management personnel in China and the demand for various emergency management personnel. By means of field interviews, questionnaire surveys, participatory research and expert meetings, this research analyzed the characteristics of emergency management talents in China, defined its classification and forecasted its demand. The results showed that emergency management talents in China could be divided into four categories: administrative management talents, practical talents, expert talents and support talents. According to the data calculation results of five representative provinces, Guangdong Province (area with relatively developed economy), Beijing (administrative centre and economically developed area), Sichuan Province (natural disaster‐prone area), Shanxi Province (developed area of energy industry such as coal) and Jiangsu Province (industrially developed areas), it is concluded that the total demand for emergency management talents in China at this stage is about 794,900, and the gap is about 411,200. At present, China's emergency management talents are in short supply. The research results of this paper can provide sufficient data support for the training of emergency management talents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the impact of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) on China's political influence in international affairs, as mediated by Chinese economic integration with the BRI countries. We propose that the BRI plays a role in influencing partner countries to support China's presence in the international community, and the economic integration of the BRI positively mediates the willingness of partner countries to align with China in international affairs. This paper uses panel data from 147 BRI countries collected between 2009 and 2020, and the difference-in-differences method, to estimate the political influence of the BRI. The results suggest that the BRI motivates partner countries to support the growth of China's influence in international affairs. The results of the causal mechanism analysis indicate that a significant and positive association between the implementation of the BRI and China's influence is mediated by promoting Chinese contracts, trade overseas, and outward FDI. The examinations of heterogeneity demonstrate that BRI countries that are developing, non-landlocked, non-neighboring, having signed the memorandum of understanding or cooperation memorandum of understanding, or lacking a Chinese investment guide are more likely to support China's political presence. This paper concludes with insights into how China implements the BRI to enhance its political ascent in the global order by facilitating economic integration of the BRI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: Glioma patients are at high risk for postoperative delirium (POD), yet studies focusing on this population in general neurosurgical ward settings are limited. This paper investigates the incidence of POD and related risk factors in glioma patients hospitalized in general wards. Design: Prospective observational study. Methods: This prospective study included 133 adult glioma patients hospitalized in the general neurosurgery ward. In addition to collecting routine perioperative general clinical data, patients' psychological status was assessed preoperatively using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). POD was assessed within 3 days postoperatively using the Confusion of Consciousness Assessment method, twice daily. The incidence of POD was calculated, and risk factors were identified using logistic regression analysis. Results: The incidence of POD in glioma patients admitted to the general ward was 31.6% (40/133). Multivariate regression revealed advanced age (age > 50 years), frontal lobe tumour, presence of preoperative anxiety or depression, retention of a luminal drain, postoperative pain, indwelling catheter these six factors were independent risk factors for the development of delirium in patients after surgery. Conclusion: In general ward settings, supratentorial glioma patients exhibit a high risk of POD. Critical risk factors include preoperative psychological conditions, as well as postoperative pain, drainage and catheterization. Rigorous preoperative evaluations, effective pain management strategies and the integration of humanistic care principles are essential in mitigating the risk of POD for glioma patients. Relevance to Clinical Practice: In general ward settings, this study reveals the high occurrence of POD in glioma patients and identifies preoperative psychological states, age, tumour location and several postoperative factors as significant risk factors for POD, which provides a framework for targeted interventions. By integrating these insights into clinical practice, healthcare teams can better identify glioma patients at risk for POD and implement preventive measures, thereby enhancing recovery and overall care quality for glioma patients in general neurosurgical wards. Reporting Method: This study adheres to the STROBE guidelines, ensuring a transparent and comprehensive reporting of the observational research methodology and results. Patient or Public Contribution: Patients involvement was limited to the provision of data through their participation in the study's assessments and the collection of clinical information. The study did not involve a direct patient or public contribution in the design, conduct, analysis, or interpretation of the data, nor in the preparation of the manuscript. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the development of earthquake disaster reduction efforts in China, the content of earthquake disaster reduction policies has become increasingly enriched and improved. Particularly, multiple provincial governments have proposed earthquake disaster reduction planning policies. It is important to explore whether these policies can affect disaster mitigation. Therefore, this paper summarizes the earthquake disaster reduction plans and factors influencing seismic resilience. Panel data from 24 provinces between 2012 and 2021 were collected, and a difference-in-differences approach was used to construct an econometric model to evaluate the policy effects and analyze the enhancement of seismic resilience. The results show that the implementation of earthquake disaster reduction policies has a positive impact on earthquake monitoring, evacuation, and emergency relief capabilities, and the estimated policy effects are statistically significant. Moreover, a series of tests were conducted. The conclusions are as follows: (1) Earthquake disaster reduction policies have a positive impact on the improvement of seismic resilience in provinces. (2) Provinces with a higher number of earthquakes experience more significant effects from earthquake disaster reduction policies. (3) Provinces with higher seismic peak ground acceleration values exhibit more pronounced improvements in seismic resilience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To achieve the goal of carbon reduction, China has been piloting the Carbon Emission Trading System (CETS) since 2013. As the economy faces a downward trend, it is significant to explore the impact of CETS on business development. There is still debate in academia about whether this policy can boost the level of business development. This paper, based on all A-share data of listed companies in China from 2009 to 2018, uses the Difference in Differences (DID) model to verify the impact of CETS on the input of capital and labor factors and the level of technology in enterprises and discusses the industry heterogeneity of this impact in detail. Placebo tests, propensity score matching, and triple differences ensure the robustness of the conclusions. In further research, this paper decomposes the policy effect of CETS. It regresses the impact of carbon quota prices and carbon market trading scale on business development. The final conclusion is that CETS has a positive impact on the input of capital and labor in enterprises and a negative impact on the level of technology. After distinguishing industries, this conclusion shows differences according to different characteristics of high emissions and low emissions. In addition, the increase in carbon quota prices hinders business development, while the scale of carbon market trading shows an inverted "U" relationship with business development. The article provides meaningful policy references for China and countries in the early stages of CETS construction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using the panel data of 31 provinces in China between 2000 and 2018, this study theoretically and empirically analyses the impact of environmental regulations on the adjustment of the agriculture industrial structure from the perspectives of rationalisation and optimisation. Overall, variability in the impact of environmental regulation on the adjustment of the agricultural industrial structure is identified: a negative influence on the rationalisation of agricultural industrial structure and a positive influence on the optimisation of agricultural industrial structure. The impact of environmental regulations on the adjustment of agricultural industrial structure also reflects "large country characteristics": environmental regulations are more significant at the medium and low industrial structure levels. Environmental regulation significantly impacts the rationalisation of agricultural industrial structure in central and western regions and its optimisation in eastern and central regions. Through the panel threshold model test, this paper further finds that the effect of environmental regulations on the adjustment of agricultural industrial structure is not invariant. However, there is a non-linear relationship with significant threshold characteristics. Based on the above results, some countermeasures are suggested. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On the basis of agency and resource dependence theories, this paper mainly discusses the relationship between the board and financial performance of nonprofit foundations (NPFs) in China. The data used in this study were obtained from the 2017 annual work report of 203 national public and private fundraising NPFs. Conclusions of this empirical research are as follows. Board size is positively correlated with organizational performance. The size of the supervisory board is positively associated with total and donation incomes. In public NPFs, a negative relationship exists between the average age of directors and total and donation incomes. Foundations with fewer government officials among their directors have a higher total income. In public fundraising NPFs, a positive relationship exists between the proportion of paid directors and total and donation incomes, whereas no correlation is observed in private fundraising NPFs. This study has significant implications for understanding the relationship between board composition and organizational performance among NPFs in China. This study focuses on the effective features of boards in NPFs to enhance competitiveness in access to public resources after the enactment of the Charity Law. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper first theoretically analyzes the impact mechanism of digital finance on industrial structure upgrading, and then empirically analyzes the relationship between digital finance and industrial structure upgrading. The results show that the development of digital finance can promote the upgrading of industrial structure. Further analysis shows that the proper allocation of government attention is also key to achieving digital finance development and industrial structure upgrading. The above conclusions provide policy implications between the development of digital finance and the upgrading of industrial structure in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Internal control is the key to achieve high-quality development of enterprises, but internal control failure cases frequently occur at home and abroad. Therefore, it is particularly important to explore ways to improve the quality of internal control and promote high-quality development of enterprises. Taking non-financial listed enterprises in China from 2015 to 2020 as research samples, this paper adopts empirical research methods to research the impact and mechanism of employee welfare on the quality of internal control of enterprises from the perspective of all-employee governance, aiming to explore ways for enterprises to improve the quality of internal control.The results showed that employee welfare can improve the quality of internal controls significantly. Furthermore, the effect is more significant in non-employee-intensive industries and high-marketization areas. Based on the analysis of internal control elements, the research found that employee welfare affects the quality of internal control mainly through two elements, risk assessment and control activities. However, the effects of employee welfare on the three other elements are insignificant. This paper enriched the relevant research on the economic consequences of employee welfare and the factors affecting the quality of internal control, and has certain enlightenment significance for the popularization of employee welfare, especially supplementary pension, and also provides a reference path for the improvement of the quality of internal control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Shared electric vehicles (SEVs) are an emerging mode of transportation that offers advantages in environmental protection. It is unclear what role travel satisfaction plays in operations. User's feedback is an important factor to the future development of SEVs. How to accurately collect user's feedback and predictions is the focus of attention. In this paper, we innovatively used sentiment analysis to construct the travel satisfaction index based on text data from the largest social network platforms in China. In addition, we used a vector autoregression model to analyse and confirm that users' trip satisfaction is an important factor influencing subsequent use of SEVs. A large-scale data set of travel records combined with point of interest information of SEVs that covered 1.64 million records of 3,100 vehicles. The results showed that low rates of satisfaction of SEVs are attributed to the fault rate of vehicles and poor services. Arranging SEV services around restaurants and commercial areas will result in higher user's satisfaction. Moreover, an increase in user's satisfaction will increase the usage frequency of SEVs in future trips. An increase in satisfaction will reduce rental times of returning users in the short term, but it has no effect on travel distance. • Identified the aspects of travel satisfaction with the Attributional Theory of Motivation and Emotion. • Constructed the travel satisfaction of SEVs based on text mining and sentiment analysis. • The SEV related comments from Internet were taken to reflect the user's emotional expression. • The real-time monitoring driving data was combined with Internet comment data and point of interest information (POI) data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

International higher education branch campuses (IBCs) in China and elsewhere possess dual identity. There are stakeholders on both the home and host sides. While international branch campuses receive scholarly attention, there has been little study of their research and the role of institutional dual identity in research capacity building. This paper develops a conceptual framework that brings the conditions, practices, and outcomes of research together with dual institutional identity, to study research capacity building at NYU Shanghai. Data from 16 semi-structured interviews with academics, administrators, and university leaders indicate that institutional dual identity is central to what the institution has achieved in building research, influencing every aspect of the process. NYU Shanghai's American identity has shaped academic practices and workloads, and NYU's multi-site structure provides significant networks and resources, yet the institution has also adapted to its Chinese identity and local stakeholders. Dual identity has generated policy conflicts and logistical hurdles yet has also opened institutional and academic opportunities unavailable to other US institutions. While every IBC is embedded in a complex and partly unique context, this study suggests a reflexive understanding of research capacity building in such settings, and contributes to empirical knowledge of cross-border institutions, especially in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to improve the efficacy assessment of County-level Integrated Health Organizations (CIHOs) in China. By analyzing CIHOs in Fujian Province, an empirical study was done to confirm the efficacy of the combined weighted-grey synthetic evaluation approach. The combined weights of evaluation indicators are calculated using the suggested method, which combines the analytical network process method and the coefficient of variation method. The grey center points of the CIHOs to be evaluated are determined, the whitenization weight functions is constructed, a comprehensive evaluation matrix is established, and then the composite score values are calculated and ranked. A more thorough evaluation of CIHOs can be accomplished scientifically using this comprehensive approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Public environmental satisfaction is related to the healthy living standard of human beings and sustainable development of an economic society. In the context of the continuous updating of Internet technologies, it is necessary to study the correlation between Internet use and public environmental satisfaction, but few studies have focused on the effect of the orientation of Internet use on public environmental satisfaction, and its mediating mechanisms. This study considered survey data from the China Social Survey 2019 which were conducted in a sample of 5,112 residents, SPSS 16.0 and ordinary least squares regression model was used to analyze the relationship between orientation of Internet use, government trust and public environmental satisfaction. The results showed politically-oriented Internet use was positively correlated with public environmental satisfaction, and entertainment-oriented Internet use did not correlate with public environmental satisfaction. Furthermore, government trust partially mediated the relation between politically-oriented Internet use and public environmental satisfaction. Several implication policies are suggested for improving public environmental satisfaction. This study takes into account individual initiative and government's control of information during Internet use, emphasizes the impact of different individual Internet use preferences on environmental satisfaction in the web environment with strong government control. By incorporating individual factors at the micro level and social factors at the macro level, this paper is in order to improve public environmental satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Consolidating the results of poverty alleviation and achieving carbon neutrality are serious challenges for global sustainable development, and it is essential to explore the relationship between these goals, and then offer scientific responses. Based on the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2010 to 2019, this paper conducted the 2SLS model by compromising the merits of the Regression Discontinuity principle with the STIRPAT model to study the interaction between poverty alleviation and carbon reduction. The study found that: (1) the implementation of poverty alleviation aggravates the problem of carbon emissions, and the main mechanism is that poverty alleviation promotes consumption and production by increasing the wealth of farmers, thereby increasing carbon emissions. (2) Carbon reduction weakens the achievement of poverty alleviation significantly, but the mitigation effect presents an "inverted U"-shaped curve, which first increases and then wanes. (3) Farmers' income and the development of rural transportation play a role in acting on the negative effects of carbon reduction. By integrating poverty theory and energy management, this article reveals the complex relationship between two important policies in China and offers relevant policy recommendations, which will not only promote the advancement of rural revitalization but also promote global sustainable development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper takes the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey (CHARLS) as a sample to assess the long-term impacts of domestic violence experienced in childhood on individuals. First, from the four dimensions of injury from violence, negligent care, emotional abuse and witness to domestic violence, an indicator system for quantifying domestic violence is constructed. Second, the simultaneous equation of self-evaluation health and life satisfaction is estimated by the seemingly unrelated regression model. Starting with education, health and life satisfaction, the long-term impact of domestic violence experiences on individuals is quantitatively assessed, providing empirical evidence for preventing and curing domestic violence and healing trauma. The empirical research shows the following: (1) An experience of domestic violence significantly reduces educational achievements. Compared with the three dimensions of injury from violence, negligent care and witnessing domestic violence, emotional abuse has the greatest negative impact on educational achievements. (2) Domestic violence significantly reduces the self-assessed health level and life satisfaction and increases the subjective mental health risk. Based on the complexity and concealment of domestic violence, combined with empirical research conclusions, this paper proposes countermeasures to prevent and control domestic violence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From the perspective of news topic modeling, this paper investigated how the Communist Youth League of China (CYLC) uses organizational information communication to serve organizational goals—"Keep the Party Assured and the Youth Satisfied" ("让党放心, 让青年满意"). Using the Latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) algorithm, we performed a topic analysis on 1898 news articles published on the CYLC website. We discovered that nearly all of the CYLC's news centered on the achievement of its organizational goals, reflecting the characteristics of information dissemination that is highly supportive of organizational objectives. We discovered distinct differences in the dissemination of organizational information between the central, provincial, municipal, county, and school league committees through cluster analysis. The various league organizations have distinct positioning and distinguishing characteristics. In addition, correlation analysis reveals that higher-level league organizations prioritize the dissemination of "Keep the Party Assured" information. While lower-level organizations gradually implement "Keep the Youth Satisfied" initiatives. This paper fills a gap in research on mass organizations in the field of information dissemination and serves as a resource for other political organizations involved in public information dissemination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Existing literature often analyzes the effects of horizontal relationships on collaborative governance, though some scholars have started to recognize the role of hierarchical interventions. This paper identities two poorly examined areas of study. First, there is a lack of empirical studies to understand the diverse impacts of hierarchical interventions on collaborative governance. Second, there is little deliberation on how existing horizontal relationships can moderate the effects that hierarchical interventions have on collaborative governance. This paper utilizes environmental collaboration data from the Yangtze River Delta region in China to estimate the impacts of hierarchical interventions on collaborative arrangements and the contextual effects of horizontal relationships. We find that hierarchical interventions, such as top‐down regulations and performance evaluation, enhance the formalization of collaborative arrangements. Additionally, horizontal relationships derived from past experiences can moderate the effects of hierarchical interventions, notwithstanding such effects vary among different interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Existing literature on international health partnerships is largely normative, with an evaluative interest in their impacts in terms of learning and knowledge transfer. Rarely has research attended to how learning and knowledge transfer transpire in practice. This paper addresses this gap with a case study of a partnership between two hospitals in Canada and China. Conceptually, drawing on Actor Network Theory, it posits learning and knowledge transfer as a process of translation. Empirically, it traces the assembling of the programme, and identifies the pedagogical features at nodes of associations. It reveals that health professionals in both countries have expanded their clinical and medical knowledge and practices, and professional senses and sensitivities, which were subsequently amplified, deferred or diminished within their respective practices. It argues that the capacity of individuals to translate learning into practice is contingent on institutional and cultural differences that constitute the ecology of work for health professionals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims and objectives: To detect the mediating effect of resilience on the relationship between perceived social support and burnout in Chinese palliative nurses. Background: Palliative nurses are a group that is vulnerable to burnout. Perceived social support may contribute to decreasing palliative nurses' burnout and facilitating their personal resilience, and resilience may be associated with lower levels of burnout. However, these relationships were unclear in the Chinese context. Design: A cross‐sectional design. Methods: The STROBE guideline was performed to report this study. A mixed sampling method including convenience sampling and stratified sampling was used to recruit participants, and a total of 319 palliative nurses completed the Nursing Burnout Scale, the Perceived Social Support Scale and the Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale from May 2021 to September 2021. Influencing factors were primarily identified using independent‐sample t tests and one‐way ANOVA. Bootstrap method was used to detect the mediating effect of resilience. Results: The level of burnout in palliative nurses (23.4 ± 7.68) was higher than that of general nurses in China. Education level, health condition and monthly income were influencing factors of burnout. Resilience was detected as a mediator in the relationships between perceived social support and dimensions of burnout. Conclusions: Chinese palliative nurses experience a relatively high level of burnout, which may be influenced by several sociodemographic variables. Resilience could mediate the effect of perceived social support on the dimensions of burnout. Problem‐oriented and palliative‐tailored strategies should be developed to further address burnout in Chinese palliative nurses. Relevance to clinical practice: Nurse managers and policy makers should support nurse ongoing education, adopt health‐promoting interventions and optimise salary systems. In addition, perceived social support resources and resilience training programmes are also warranted. Patient or public contribution: All participants were invited to complete the informed consent form and paper questionnaires. Human resource managers helped us collect some subjective data through the personnel management system. Nurse managers of palliative units conducted regular staff meetings to promote the data collection process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To explore the effects of social support on the mental health of older adults in different age groups in China, and to provide reference for the development of social support policies to promote the mental health of older adults in China. This paper uses a random sampling method to conduct a questionnaire survey of 3,000 older adults aged 60 years or older in Nanjing and a dichotomous logistic regression model for empirical analysis. The two dimensions of mental health and social adjustment were used to measure the mental health status of the elderly. The results showed that the overall mental health status of the elderly in Nanjing city was more optimistic, and the nonempty nesters with male gender, higher education level, and partners were generally healthier; objective and subjective support had significant positive effects on the mental health of middle and high aged elderly, while the utilization of support had more significant effects on the health of low-aged elderly. This paper proposes that government departments should develop a localized elderly support system and social support policies adapted to the actual situation in Nanjing according to the quantitative distribution and demand characteristics of the mental health of elderly people in different age groups. The study is structured as follows: the second part contains data sources and statistical methods. The third part is the analysis of empirical results. The fourth part is the discussion and conclusion part of the article. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the panel data of various daily air pollution indicators of 288 prefecture-level cities in China from January 1, 2015 to December 31,2018, this paper takes the first round of central environmental protection inspection (CEPI) as a quasi-natural experiment, and empirically analyzes its impact on urban air pollution by using multi-period difference-in-difference (DID) method. The results show that: (1) the first round of five batches of environmental inspection and two batches of "looking back" have significantly reduced the concentration of seven pollutants; (2) The first five batches of environmental inspection have a stronger impact on reducing air pollution than "looking back"; Moreover, in the short tel·in after the inspection, it still has a significant reduction effect on air pollution; (3) The impact of central environmental protection inspection on air pollution shows strong heterogeneity in different batches of inspections, urban scale and economic development level, as well as the air quality level of cities before the inspection. The research results of this paper provide corresponding policy recommendations and decision-making basis for the Chinese central government to further deepen the reform of environmental protection supervision mechanism and promote the emissions of multiple pollutants mitigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The expanding profile of Chinese international development aid has generated strong academic and policy interests. A growing literature has emerged on Chinese foreign aid's motivations, modalities, and impact. However, a significant lacuna remains in the domestic politics relating to this phenomenon. This gap is especially glaring in public opinion concerning China's growing foreign aid programs. By analyzing empirical data gathered from a variety of sources, including a well-established online forum, social media sites of two influential media organizations, and multi-year surveys of residents of Beijing, this paper presents a nuanced picture of what the Chinese public thinks of Chinese foreign aid and tests two popular explanations of public opposition to foreign aid—perceived budgetary trade-offs and more general dissatisfaction with government policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The China–Singapore International Land–Sea Trade Corridor (C-S-ILSTC) was officially proposed in 2018, under the government-to-government framework of the China–Singapore (Chongqing) Demonstration Initiative on Strategic Connectivity. C-S-ILSTC is expected to play an important role in the international trade and connectivity between Western China and Southeast Asia, where Chongqing serves as the logistics hub in Western China, and Singapore is a transshipment hub for Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) region. This paper aims to analyse the newly formed intermodal freight container transport network in the context of C-S-ILSTC and China–Singapore/ASEAN region quantitatively from both supply and demand sides, and investigate C-S-ILSTC's advantages and disadvantages. For the demand side analysis, the results show that the trade volume between China and ASEAN countries is forecasted to consistently increase in recent years, and the most commonly traded cargo types between China and ASEAN have also been identified. For the supply side analysis, we examine the infrastructure and development status of the essential nodes along C-S-ILSTC. In addition, we also compare C-S-ILSTC with the conventional intermodal container transport routes connecting Western China and Southeast Asia, and discuss the development prospect of C-S-ILSTC. The results of this study could provide policy implications for the development of C-S-ILSTC and the cooperation between China and ASEAN region. • Research on the newly formed intermodal freight container transport network • Quantitative analysis from both supply and demand sides • Investigate the advantages and disadvantages of C-S-ILSTC • Discuss the development prospect of C-S-ILSTC • Provide policy implications for C-S-ILSTC development and regional cooperation [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The issue of environmental governance has received considerable attention. While extensive research focuses on the relationship between economic growth and environmental protection, this paper provides a different perspective by exploring the mechanisms affecting the relationship between land-based revenue and environmental performance. Based on the regression analyses of province-level data during 2000-2018 in China, the results show that: (1) land-based finance has a significantly positive impact on air pollution; (2) both central government policies and local residents' concerns incentivize local governments to improve environmental quality through land revenue; (3) regional differences exist regarding the impact of these two factors, probably due to various development stages and financial conditions; (4) local governments tend to increase expenditure on environmental protection by taking residents' concerns into consideration. This research contributes to understanding the driving forces behind the relationship between land finance and environmental performance, and it extends our knowledge of local governments' decision-making processes to accomplish multiple tasks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the past 40 years, a large number of children have been abandoned or abducted in China. We argue that the implementation of the one-child policy can help to explain changes in the patterns of both child abandonment and child abduction. We also contend that the cultural preference for sons in China has shaped unique gender-based patterns, as attested to by the fact that the majority of the children who are abandoned are girls and the majority of the children who are abducted are boys. We provide empirical evidence for the following findings: (1) Stricter implementation of the one-child policy leads to more child abandonment locally and more child abduction in neighboring regions; (2) A stronger son-preference bias intensifies both the local effects and spatial spillover effects of the region's one-child policy on child abandonment and abduction; and, (3) With the gradual relaxation of the one-child policy after 2002, the frequency of both child abandonment and child abduction has decreased significantly. This paper is the first to provide empirical evidence regarding the unintended consequences of the one-child policy in relation to missing children in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Urban infrastructure resilience is an important perspective for measuring the development quality of resilient cities and an important way to measure the level of infrastructure development. This paper uses the kernel density estimation, exploratory spatial data analysis, and spatial econometric models to analyze the characteristics of dynamic evolution and the spillover effects of the infrastructure resilience levels in 283 prefecture-level and above cities in China from 2010 to 2019. Our results are as follows. (1) The overall level of urban infrastructure resilience increased. The eastern region had a higher level than the national average. In contrast, the central, western and north-eastern regions had a slightly lower level than the national average. (2) The areas with high and higher resilience levels were mostly cities with more developed economic and social conditions in Eastern China. The areas below moderate resilience levels show a certain degree of clustering and mainly include some cities in Central, Western, and Northeast China. (3) The national level of urban infrastructure resilience shows significant spatial clustering characteristics, and the spatial pattern from coastal to inland regions presents a hotspot-subhotspot-subcoldspot-coldspot distribution. (4) There is a differential spatial spillover effect of national urban infrastructure resilience, which is gradually strengthened under the role of the economy, financial development, population agglomeration and government funding and weakened under the role of urbanization, market consumption and infrastructure investment. By exploring the dynamic evolution of infrastructure resilience in cities at the prefecture level and above and its spatial spillover effects, we provide a scientific basis for avoiding the siphoning effect among cities, improving the level of infrastructure resilience, and guiding the construction and development of resilient cities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As an important part of urban livable environment construction, urban streets are of great significance for daily social interaction and urban vitality. Enhancing walkability is considered an effective design measure to connect places and promote physical health. Compared with previous studies that focused on spatial physical characteristics or transportation infrastructure (such as zebra crossings) of streets, this study aims to identify and analyze walkability indicators that are closely related to subjective perception at the microscale. A questionnaire survey was conducted face to face to collect pedestrians' perception of walkability indicators, and an exploratory factor analysis was used to extract the main influencing factors. Structural equation models were constructed to verify the stability of the dominating factors and further explore the disparities in different walking intentions and different gender groups. According to the results, Access Safety, Stop Friendliness, and Visual Richness have a great impact on walkability, and women generally have a stronger perception of traffic disturbance and traffic safety than men. Ultimately, based on the results, some useful strategies are proposed for future street renewal. However, the study is limited to the geographical scope of Shinan District of Qingdao. Therefore, the longitudinal comparative analysis of other urban areas of Qingdao or intercity comparative analysis can be carried out in the future so as to provide extensive improvement recommendations. Walking is a choice. In order to create an environment that encourages people to walk more, we need to understand how environmental factors affect people's travel choice. In the context of ultrahigh-density Asian cities in particular, this paper is a scientific attempt to explore the relationship between walkability indicators to guide the construction of a livable neighborhood environment under the concept of Park City. The research results can be used as the basis for urban planning and managers to carry out urban renewal construction. Informed decisions in favor of a walkable environment will be made at a certain cost. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• An empirical study of the performance of the 6th generation ports (6GP) model is conducted for six container ports in mainland China. • A novel hybrid methodology is developed, comprising of CFPR, TOPSIS, and VIKOR. • Insights and implications for port managers, shipping companies, freight forwarders, and policy-makers, are suggested in the post-pandemic era. • This paper contributes to expanding the port devolution theory. Since the UNCTAD proposed the initial port model, called the first generation port model (1GP) in 1994, its adaptation and transformation have evolved, reflecting not only the evolution of port operations and technological advancements, but also the resilience of ports to natural disasters and supply disruptions. Recently, the trio of COVID-19, digitalization, and decarbonization (CDD) has emerged as core challenges whilst providing numerous opportunities for building adaption and resilience for the port industry. In light of this, the sixth generation ports (6GP) model has emerged. This paper addresses crucial research gaps by empirically testing the 6GP model, emphasizing the impact of emerging factors of the CDD, including 1) the lack of empirical testing for the 6GP model and the emphasis on the CDD; 2) the exploration of factors contributing to the significant development of Chinese container ports; 3) the investigation into how the CDD lead to the reversal of the port devolution continuum path. In doing so, an empirical study has been conducted, focusing on six major container ports in mainland China, all of which are among the world's top 10 container ports in terms of container throughput. It evaluates the importance of the criteria of the 6GP model with the performance of the six ports. The findings of this research are discussed for managerial and policy implications, enriching the existing literature on port devolution, and providing the port industry with a holistic view of port development and strategy in the post-pandemic period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: This study aimed to describe the experiences of nurses and other health care workers who were infected with coronavirus disease 2019. Methods: An empirical phenomenological approach was used. Sixteen participants were recruited in Wuhan using purposive and snowball sampling. Semistructured, in‐depth interviews were conducted by telephone in February 2020. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed following Colaizzi's method. Results: Two themes emerged: (1) Intense emotional distress since becoming infected. Participants were fearful of spreading the virus to family and overwhelmed by a lack of information, experienced uncertainty and worried about treatment, felt lonely during isolation and reported moral distress about inadequate health care staffing. (2) Coping strategies were needed. They tried their best to address negative psychological reactions using their professional knowledge and gaining support from others and community resources. Conclusions: Preparedness for catastrophic events and providing timely and accurate information are major considerations in government policy development, related to pandemics and adequacy of health care personnel. Mental health resources and support, both short‐ and long‐term should be anticipated for health care providers to alleviate their fear and anxiety. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? Health care workers, including nurses, are at the frontlines of the COVID‐19 outbreak and at high risk of infection.Experts have called for infection prevention for health care providers.Limited research has reported the experiences of health care workers infected by COVID‐19 using an empirical phenomenological approach. What this paper adds? Upon diagnosis, nurses and other health care workers experienced fear, uncertainty and distress like general patients.Health care workers reported moral distress about inadequate health care staffing issues.Health care workers could cope with their negative psychological reactions using professional knowledge and support from significant others and the community. The implications of this paper: Preparedness for large‐scale pandemics and a system that can provide openness and timely information needs consideration in policy development.Accurate information and good communication are vital to support infected health care workers and enhance their sense of safety and belonging.Long‐term support should be available when these health care workers return to work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The "innovation-driven" development approach plays a crucial role in transforming and developing current China's national economy. Many innovation-driven mergers and acquisitions (M&As) emerge in the M&As activities of firms, and the acquiring firm's business strategy of conducting innovation-driven M&As has drawn significant attention. To study the impact of business strategy on innovation-driven M&As, this paper adopts the probit model to conduct logistic regression analysis on the 223 M&As data samples, exploring which business strategy is inclined to perform innovation-driven M&As. The results show that prospective firms are more likely to conduct innovation-driven M&As. Besides, the firms that conduct prospective business strategies are more likely to have a higher innovation level than firms operating defensive business strategies. The innovation level plays the role of a mediator variable in the model of business strategies influencing innovation-driven M&As. This paper analyzes the innovation-driven motivation from the perspective of business strategy, enriching the research of M&A and offering a method to predict the possibility of innovation-driven M&A by measuring business strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Technical efficiency (TE) and total factor productivity (TFP) are important criteria to ensure the enhancement of the quality and efficiency of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) and function as important indicators to assess the quality of their accomplishments. The purpose of this study is to explore whether the efficiency of SOEs is higher or lower than that of private enterprises. Transcendental logarithmic production function and stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) are used to assess the TE and TFP of listed central SOEs, local SOEs, and private enterprises, the data of which were taken from 2006–2020. The results show that the sampled private enterprises had the highest average TE during the study period, followed by the central and local SOEs. The private enterprises also had the highest average TFP growth rate, followed by the local and central SOEs. The TFP decompositions show that the TE change (TEC) and technical change (TC) indices of the SOEs were lower than those of the private enterprises. The TC, TEC, and scale change (SC) are limiting the TFP growth rates of the SOEs in labor-intensive industries. The SC of the SOEs has changed less than that of private enterprises in the sampled capital-intensive industries. Northern and southern China had the highest rates of TE and TFP growth. Indeed, this paper measures and decomposes TFP, and analyzes the efficiency of SOEs and private enterprises in different industries and regions in an international context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In China, blue sky defense is a crucial part of ecological environment governance. Objective environmental governance performance needs to be perceived by the public to more truly affect the public's evaluation of the government's environmental governance. This paper focuses on the public's subjective perception of air pollution and evaluation of the local government's environmental governance. Based on the Chinese General Social Survey data, the matched economic indicators, and air pollution data, we conduct a diachronic study on the public's evaluation of local governments' environmental protection work, and we analyze the relationship between the subjective perception of air pollution, the objective air pollution data, and the evaluation of local governments' environmental protection work. The results showed the following: (1) People's evaluation of local governments' environmental protection work significantly improved from 2013 to 2021. The objective indicator improved, while the subjective perception declined. (2) The subjective perception of air pollution has a significant negative impact on the evaluation of local governments' environmental protection work and needs to be better considered to improve air quality. At the same time, the effect of the objective indicator is insignificant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the relationship between property return and seller behavior and aims to test the disposition effect in China's real estate market. Using transaction data in Beijing, we find that loss properties have a lower sell propensity relative to gain properties, confirming the existence of the disposition effect. We also find that the disposition effect is more pronounced in samples with shorter holding periods. Sellers with financial constraints and popular projects are more likely to show the disposition effect. Furthermore, we find that sellers exhibit loss aversion; specifically, sellers with loss properties are likely to set a higher listing price, which provides indirect evidence for the disposition effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Guided by the social embeddedness model of thriving at work, this paper explores how nursing organizational culture, work engagement and affective commitment affect nurses' thriving at work. Background: Thriving at work has implications for better employee and organization outcomes. The antecedents of thriving at work among the nursing population needs to be expanded by analysing the cross‐level impact of organizational and individual characteristics. Methods: A cross‐sectional design was used to collect data from 1437 frontline nurses in a tertiary teaching hospital in China between April and May 2020 through an online survey about perceived nursing culture, work engagement, affective commitment and thriving at work. Data were analysed using SPSS, and a structural equation model was established using the PROCESS macro. Results: Our results showed that work engagement and affective commitment mediated the relationship between nurses' perceived nursing culture and their thriving at work. Among nurses, work engagement was positively correlated to affective commitment. Conclusion: Our study confirmed the social embeddedness model of thriving at work by showing that both contextual and dispositional factors can influence nurses' thriving at work. Nurse leaders can foster nursing staff's thriving at work by building an inclusive work environment and by providing adequate resources to staff. Future research is needed to elaborate on employee and organizational outcomes associated with thriving at work. Impact: Nurse leaders should be the advocate for nurses to improve their organizational identification, fostering their thriving at work. Individual nurses can also take an active role in developing work‐related resources to sustain their thriving through self‐adaption processes. Collective thriving in the nursing workforce is needed to overcome adversity and hardship in the ever‐changing and increasingly demanding health care industry and to further contribute to the vitality of the broader social and public environments. Patient or public contribution: No patient or public contribution. This study did not involve patients, service users, caregivers or members of the public. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the growing body of literature on the structural problems of emergency remote teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic, far too little empirical research has been conducted on university academics' challenges in online pedagogy and what is needed to facilitate their teaching during a time of educational crisis. Thus, this study selects a high-profile Chinese language university as a case study to explore how university academics in China have dealt with the challenges of emergency remote teaching during the pandemic. This paper conducts open-ended interviews with 22 academic faculty members and adopts TPACK concepts to interpret the findings. The results demonstrate how participants find avenues to deal with emergency remote teaching, effective measures universities need to adopt, and ways to facilitate TPACK with academic faculty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a large developing country, China's outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) and its relationship to trade have always been subjects of extensive scrutiny in academic circles. With the continuous advancement of the "Belt and Road" initiative (BRI), the pace of overseas expansion by Chinese firms has accelerated. This paper theoretically constructs a firm heterogeneity model of China's OFDI and bilateral trade, and conducts research based on panel data of China's OFDI in countries along the BRI from 2003 to 2019. The results show that China's OFDI can substantially enhance the potential for bilateral trade, and this conclusion remains robust after overcoming endogeneity and economic fluctuations. In a heterogeneity test, China's OFDI in countries along the "Land Silk Road" is shown to have a greater effect on trade potential than in countries along the "Maritime Silk Road." In the controlled test, China's OFDI to BRI countries has a greater role in upgrading trade potential than investment in other trading powerhouses. China's OFDI can promote the economic development of host countries along the BRI by strengthening the potential for bilateral trade. The results of this study are not only conducive to the "going global" of Chinese enterprises but also of practical significance for host countries to achieve high-quality economic development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper addresses the impact of bank liquidity on risk-taking behaviour of Chinese banks, and provides evidence for a risk-taking channel of monetary policy operating through bank liquidity. By using bank-level panel data from 123 Chinese commercial banks during 2003–2018, it is found that banks facing lower liquidity risk will be encouraged to take more risk. Moreover, loose monetary policy leads to more aggressive risk-taking by reducing the bank liquidity risk, namely a liquidity risk-taking channel of monetary policy. These findings suggest that authorities should give full consideration to the influence of the monetary policy on bank risk-taking through bank liquidity channels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Innovation is an important driving force in regional sustainable development, and innovation efficiency improvements can promote regional innovation. This study uses the Hansen threshold regression model to examine innovation efficiency's impact on the ecological footprint at different economic development levels in China's provinces from 2003 to 2013. It uses the super efficiency slacks-based model to measure innovation efficiency, with night light data from the operational line-scan system employed by the defense meteorological program representing the regional economic development level. The conclusions are as follows: (1) improvements in regional innovation efficiency have an inhibitory effect on the ecological footprint, and this effect gradually weakens with increasing levels of economic development. (2) The inhibitory effect is spatially heterogeneous: it is stronger in eastern China than in central and western China. (3) Scientific and technological human resources are inhibitory at first, later promoting the ecological footprint. Scientific and technological financial and informational resources, as well as the number of scientific papers, promote the ecological footprint, but the promoting effect of financial resources is relatively smaller. Meanwhile, the number of patent applications has an inhibitory effect on the ecological footprint. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the full‐sample panel data from 23 provinces and cities in China from 2013 to 2020, this paper studies the influences of environmental regulations on regional carbon emission efficiency in China under the background of opening carbon emission trading after dividing the country into high, medium, and low emission areas with emission quantity as the classification standard and constructing a regression model. The experiment reveals that the environmental regulation strength and carbon dioxide emission efficiency are positively correlated with each other in the first place. Second, there exists a positive correlation between environmental regulation strength and carbon dioxide emission efficiency in different emission regions, while in terms of the impact of environmental regulation on carbon emission efficiency, it influences the medium emission areas most, followed by low emission areas, and the high emission areas to the least. Then, current domestic environmental regulation is effective and plays a positive role in improving carbon emission efficiency and promoting the development of a low‐carbon economy in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Customer churn will cause the value flowing from customers to enterprises to decrease. If customer churn continues to occur, the enterprise will gradually lose its competitive advantage. When the growth of new customers cannot meet the needs of enterprise development, the enterprise will fall into a survival dilemma. Focusing on the customer churn prediction model, this paper takes the telecom industry in China as the research object, establishes a customer churn prediction model by using a logistic regression algorithm based on the big data of high-value customer operation in the telecom industry, effectively identifies the potential churned customers, and then puts forward targeted win-back strategies according to the empirical research results. This paper analyzes the trends and causes of customer churn through data mining algorithms and gives the answers to such questions as how the customer churn occurs, the influencing factors of customer churn, and how enterprises win back churned customers. The results of this paper can better serve the practice of customer relationship management in the telecom industry and provide a reference for the telecom industry to identify high-risk churned customers in advance, enhance customer loyalty and viscosity, maintain "high-value" customers, and continue to provide customers with "value" and reduce the cost of maintaining customers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the context of global warming, low-carbon economy with low energy consumption, low pollution and low emissions as the main characteristics has become the focus of attention. The paper takes 30 provincial-level units in China as the basic research object, uses DEA model to measure China's carbon emission performance in 2005, 2010, 2015 and 2019, and uses spatial visualization and trend surface analysis method to analyze its spatial-temporal rule. On this basis, geographical detector is used to analyze the influencing factors and the results show that: (1) China's carbon emission performance is at a relatively low level, except for that of provinces such as Beijing, Shanghai, Hainan and Qinghai while other provinces still need more efforts to perform better. In addition, the carbon emission performance fluctuates during the research period. Specifically, the change trend of east-west direction is greater than that of north-south direction. (2) The spatial difference of the performance is significant. In general, areas of high performance are mainly distributed in the eastern and southern regions while areas at low performance level mainly in the western and northern parts. There is an evident spatial trend of mixed distribution, initially forming the development trend of „overall mixed distribution and partial aggregation“. (3) Government intervention has the greatest influence on carbon emission performance, followed by ownership structure, foreign investment, energy structure, technological progress, industrial structure, and degree of opening to the outside world. In addition, interaction factors have a greater impact on performance than single factors, and show nonlinear enhancement characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accurate short-term prediction of bioenergy power generation structure can optimize the bioenergy structure and help achieve carbon neutrality. However, there are currently few related studies, and most of them present long-term predictions on the development potential of bioenergy, which cannot meet the modeling requirements of predicting structure. Hence, the Fractional-order-accumulation grey Compositional data Model with Particle swarm is proposed in this paper (PFCM (1,1)) for forecasting bioenergy power generation structure. The proposed model satisfies the modeling requirements by introducing the fractional accumulation operator to ensure the prediction accuracy, and constructing the spherical mapping space to reduce the data dimension. The empirical studies prove that the newly developed model performs better than other models, which is successfully employed to predict bioenergy power generation structure of China for 2020–2024. The results show that the share of renewable municipal waste in bioenergy power generation will exceed that of solid biofuels by 2023 and the share of biogas power generation has not changed much. Furthermore, although the total amount of bioenergy power generation in China is growing rapidly, unbalanced development and small share of power are two important challenges. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The key to China's regional high-quality development lies in county-level coordination and promotion. Therefore, based on 2847 county-level administrative units in China, this paper uses empirical analysis methods such as dynamic spatial panel Dobbin model and intermediary effect model to study.Then we test the relationship between the industrial structure of county innovation capacity and regional development of high quality. The results showed that (1) the regional development of high quality at the county level in China was generally distributed in clusters, and the agglomeration had a further trend of strengthening. (2) The innovation ability and industrial structure also had a positive effect on the regional development of high quality at the county level, and the result was significant. (3) Innovation had both direct and indirect effects on regional development of high quality. Industrial structure and regional development of high quality had strong spatial and temporal dependence effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the rapid development of information technology, pro-environmental behavior (PEB) also presents new features in the practice of environmental governance under big data. According to the value norm theory and expectancy theory of motivation, the influence mechanism and path effects of environmental awareness, environmental attitude, expected performance of public participation for PEB were studied by constructing the structural equation modeling in this paper. The results of empirical study in 31 provinces of China show that: (1) Environmental awareness and environmental attitude will influence PEB through the mediating variable of "expected performance of public participation". (2) The mediating effect of expected performance of public participation on environmental awareness and PEB is complete mediating. (3) The mediating effect of expected performance of public participation between environmental attitude and PEB is partial mediating. Environmental attitude can either directly affect PEB, or indirectly affect PEB through affecting the expected performance of public participation. Based on the above results, some countermeasures are put forward. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to explore effective ways for energy conservation and emission reduction, seven correlated variables are selected in this paper according to the government statistics with the extended STIRPAT model, and the impact of China's industrialization and urbanization on carbon emission intensity of energy consumption is studied. The study found that urbanization rate and urban population employment rate are the main factors affecting per capita carbon emission of energy consumption in China;the industrialization has a reverse impact on per capita carbon emission of energy consumption, indicating that China's industrialization is relatively low and is not the main factor affecting per capita carbon emission of energy consumption; the service industry added value rate and the agricultural industry added value rate also have reverse effects on China's per capita carbon emission of energy consumption, and the degree of impact is relatively small. Therefore, China is supposed to develop industry vigorously in the future, to appropriately control the development speed of urbanization and to increase the agricultural industry added value rate moderately, so as to achieve effective control of per capita carbon emission intensity of energy consumption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A great deal of prior literature on corporate governance in China has asserted that state-owned enterprises (SOEs) are inefficiently run and badly governed—either worse than privately-owned enterprises (POEs) or just as bad. There is, however, no solid empirical evidence that underpins either claim. Using a unique, hand-coded dataset on corporate charter provisions with a random sample of nearly 300 publicly listed Chinese firms, this paper demonstrates that political hierarchy, state shareholding level, and political compliance are key factors in the governance and performance of Chinese SOEs. The corporate governance of SOEs that are firmly controlled by the Chinese central government favours minority shareholders, whereas that of SOEs firmly controlled by provincial governments appears to be less protective of them. Overall, SOEs, particularly those controlled by the central government, do not perform any worse than POEs, as measured by Tobin's Q. Nonetheless, more politically compliant firms do perform worse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the past, under the GDP-centered promotion tournament, the growth coalition theory was often used to explain commercial and residential district regeneration in China, which was property-led and profit-driven. However, currently, due to the new domestic and international environment, China is undergoing an unprecedented and profound transformation and entering the inventory land era, leading to significant changes in the assessment system for local officials. Specifically, the new assessment system incorporates a diverse array of indicators beyond mere economic growth, signifying a transition from a GDP-centered to a multi-objective promotion tournament. Consequently, in this new context, the traditional growth coalition is no longer sufficient to theorize current urban regeneration. Additionally, industrial district regeneration, the mechanism of which may differ from commercial and residential district regeneration, was often neglected before and requires further investigation. Through the case study of Chengdu Hi-tech West District, this study explores the transformation of Chinese urban regeneration in this new era. It argues that China's governmental assessment system has adjusted by dismantling the previous promotion tournament model based on economic growth in the new era. Under the multi-objective promotion tournament, local officials now consider other aspects in addition to economic growth. For them, IDR has been treated as an effective approach to protecting cropland, undertaking new enterprises with limited space, and becoming the flagship in promoting economical and intensive land use, all of which are of great concern to the central government. Therefore, local officials are keen on industrial district regeneration now, even though it does not yield direct and immediate economic benefits. In this process, they mobilize other actors and leverage key resources to achieve and balance their multiple goals. Accordingly, the traditional growth coalition is declining, while a new kind of coalition based on high-quality development is emerging. • China is transitioning from an "incremental land era" to an "inventory land era.". • China's political and economic contexts have undergone significant changes, altering the rationale behind urban regeneration. • The paper presents a case study of China's Chengdu Hi-Tech Industrial Development District. • Due to adjustments in the assessment system, local officials are giving greater attention to industrial district regeneration than before. • A new coalition based on high-quality development is emerging, while the traditional growth coalition is waning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The central environmental protection inspection is an institutional innovation in China that aims to supervise enterprises by monitoring government environmental enforcement. This paper examines the effectiveness of central environmental protection inspection in improving enterprise environmental performance by using a quasi-natural experiment of the first round of central environmental protection inspection. The study reveals that the central environmental protection inspection improves enterprise environmental performance by strengthening local government environmental enforcement and environmental attention. This is evidenced by the increase in enterprise environmental capital expenditure and the decrease in pollution discharge fees. The impact of central environmental protection inspection on enterprise environmental performance is strengthened by local governments' environmental regulation and environmental fiscal expenditure, as well as by public participation. Under the pressure of central environmental protection inspection, heavily polluting enterprises engage in production process improvement and R&D investment, which can improve their economic performance. This can ultimately lead to a competitive advantage for enterprises, promoting a win-win situation for both environmental and economic performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over recent decades, China's economy has continued to develop steadily and rapidly, contributing to a large environmental cost. Therefore, many researchers propose various methods to evaluate environmental efficiency to deal with these serious issues accurately. This paper is the first to evaluate environmental efficiency using a model featuring not only a parallel structure with three component processes (primary, secondary, and tertiary industries) in the first stage but also a sewage treatment process in the second stage. Simultaneously, we propose radial but also nonradial versions of the Environmental Multiple Variable Return to Scale (EMVRS) model. These two models both consider shared inputs as well as shared outputs, and the proportion of the shared inputs and shared outputs utilized in each component process is assumed to be unknown. Additionally, we further analyze the factors influencing environmental efficiency by utilizing the Tobit model. The results when EMVRS is applied to Chinese provinces can be divided into 3 parts: (1) Most provinces do not purify wastewater appropriately contributing to the bad environmental efficiency. (2) The efficiency values of the three industry types are similar or identical to each other in most provinces. (3) The population of people employed negatively impacts environmental efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Housing market occupies a large part of the wealth of the whole society in most countries, and real estate tax plays an important role for the government to maintain sustainable development for the economy. As consumption being a major issue nowadays, in this paper, we want to find out (1) whether real estate taxes affect the house price in China and whether the affects vary among different tax types? (2) whether there exists wealth effect in China housing market? That is, whether the change in house wealth (price) affects the consumption? (3) whether and how do real estate taxes affect wealth effect? We set up the empirical model by using the GMM method on panel data from 2002 to 2016 to explore the relations among real estate tax, housing price, and wealth effect. We considered the influence of four different types of real estate tax on the housing price and found the results are mixed. Besides, there is a significantly negative wealth effect on China housing market. Finally, house price plays a mediator role in the effect of the real estate tax on the consumption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]