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The concept of the smart city has been created in response to the increasing numbers of people living in cities. Just as the development of technology has evolved rapidly, smart life has also emerged. The goal of the smart city is one day to enable all affairs of daily life to be completed with the single touch of a finger through cutting-edge technology. New and innovative information must be applied effectively to the industry. With the industrial revolution, propelled by the Internet of Things (IoT), big data and the cloud platform have birthed the “smart city,” integrating the IoT and the cloud through mobile devices and applying technology to fields like logistics, finance, healthcare, recreation, surveillance, and traffic transportation, thus providing people with greater well-being and convenience. Following the era of the big data knowledge economy, the IoT has become an important pillar of national economic development. The IoT is expected to provide substantial support for continued and sustainable development of the smart city. Therefore, effective use of the IoT has become an important topic in smart city development. The purpose of this paper is to build a conceptual framework of service innovation, relying on the smart city case of Taiwan. Based on a literature review, in-depth interviews, and case interviews, the proposed conceptual framework of IoT is rooted in the market, policy, and technical aspects. It incorporates eight steps: composition of the project team, service idea generation, service idea screening, development concept selection, design and development, service testing, commercialization, and service quality, to generate new service value and thereby create customer satisfaction. In fact, the IoT is designed to support the smart city vision; thus, this paper describes the various innovation modes of the smart city. Furthermore, the paper presents and discusses the technical solutions and best-practice guidelines adopted in the Taiwan Smart City project. Finally, it discusses the meaning and future research direction of the smart city through the use of the IoT. With wave after wave of digital development civilizing the city's evolution and with the phenomenon of Internet access through mobile phones for each person, the smart city of human factors is clearly coming. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The annual output value of Taiwan’s wafer foundry and IC packaging test ranks first worldwide. The electronics industry has a complete industrial ecological chain in the supply chain system of global information and communication technology. In order to increase market competitiveness and increase the operational flexibility, manufacturing process outsourcing has become a trend in the business model of the electronics industry. The quality of the outsourcing affects the quality and function of the final product, the outsourcer selection is crucial to ensure the quality of the final product. This article takes the wire bonding process as an example, and proposes a fuzzy selection model of quality-based IC packaging process outsourcers. Then, this article selects the six standard deviation indicator that can fully reflect the process yield and quality level as the evaluation tool. Since the indicator contains unknown parameter, in order to improve the accuracy of estimation and overcome the uncertainty of measurement data, this paper applies mathematical programming to derive the confidence interval of six sigma quality index, and proposes a confidence-interval-based fuzzy testing meth as a green outsourcer selection tool to reduce the risk of misjudgment due to sampling errors and improve the accuracy of the selection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The displacement of synchronous generators by converter interfaced energy renewable resource essentially reduces the system inertia, which can trigger under-frequency load shedding relay. To support the frequency containment, virtual inertia control (VIC) and fast frequency control (FFC) based on energy storage system (ESS) have been developed. Most of the existing VIC did not take into account the power constraints of the ESS. Although some of the FFC methods account for the ESS constraints, they ignore the intermediate steady-state (ISS) operating point of the primary frequency response (PFR). To counteract these problems, a model predictive control (MPC) based FFC, which considers the power limitations of the ESS, the frequency deviation constraint, and the ISS frequency tracking capability, is proposed in this paper. The proposed MPC only requires few local measurements, and the system parameters including inertia constants, onset time of inertia response and the ISS time of the PFR can be accurately estimated. To achieve the optimal control action and reduce computational burden, quadratic programming (QP) is incorporated in the proposed MPC. The proposed MPC is tested on a real Taiwan power system. The fast response and robustness of the proposed MPC has been justified by comparing with the state-of-the-art method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]