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Artificial Intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing micro and macro-aided decision-making processes across various sectors and disciplines worldwide. This paper uses the probability technique to theoretically forecast AI-aided integration program potential to offer accelerated, concrete and individualized integration support for new and 'old' resident immigrants throughout their stay in Finland. The algorithms are base on various taxonomies and topologies for individualized self-paced, life-long situation-specific integration support. This action research article theoretically reviews two high-quality peer-reviewed publications on AI in aging through systematic reviews and meta-analyses, combining results from multiple impact evaluation studies to construct arguments and draw conclusions for the use of AI in accelerating new migrants' integration in Finland. Data is analyzed qualitatively and quantitively to deduce realistic predictions. This article uses grounded theory to test theories that underscore the role and impact of AI in accelerating integration. This article presents the foundation on which future integration programs will be implemented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Probabilistic Risk Assessment (PRA) has proven to be an invaluable tool for evaluating risks in complex engineered systems. However, there is increasing concern that PRA may not be adequate in situations with little underlying knowledge to support probabilistic representation of uncertainties. As analysts and policy makers turn their attention to deeply uncertain hazards such as climate change, a number of alternatives to traditional PRA have been proposed. This paper systematically compares three diverse approaches for risk analysis under deep uncertainty (qualitative uncertainty factors, probability bounds, and robust decision making) in terms of their representation of uncertain quantities, analytical output, and implications for risk management. A simple example problem is used to highlight differences in the way that each method relates to the traditional risk assessment process and fundamental issues associated with risk assessment and description. We find that the implications for decision making are not necessarily consistent between approaches, and that differences in the representation of uncertain quantities and analytical output suggest contexts in which each method may be most appropriate. Finally, each methodology demonstrates how risk assessment can inform decision making in deeply uncertain contexts, informing more effective responses to risk problems characterized by deep uncertainty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Animals can shape their timed behaviors based on experienced probabilistic relations in a nearly optimal fashion. On the other hand, it is not clear if they adopt these timed decisions by making computations based on previously learnt task parameters (time intervals, locations, and probabilities) or if they gradually develop their decisions based on trial and error. To address this question, we tested mice in the timed-switching task, which required them to anticipate when (after a short or long delay) and at which of the two delay locations a reward would be presented. The probability of short trials differed between test groups in two experiments. Critically, we first trained mice on relevant task parameters by signaling the active trial with a discriminative stimulus and delivered the corresponding reward after the associated delay without any response requirement (without inducing switching behavior). During the test phase, both options were presented simultaneously to characterize the emergence and temporal characteristics of the switching behavior. Mice exhibited timed-switching behavior starting from the first few test trials, and their performance remained stable throughout testing in the majority of the conditions. Furthermore, as the probability of the short trial increased, mice waited longer before switching from the short to long location (experiment 1). These behavioral adjustments were in directions predicted by reward maximization. These results suggest that rather than gradually adjusting their time-dependent choice behavior, mice abruptly adopted temporal decision strategies by directly integrating their previous knowledge of task parameters into their timed behavior, supporting the model-based representational account of temporal risk assessment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a new fuzzy group decision-making approach by using probabilities and ordered weighted averages (OWA). Thus, we are able to assess the problem considering probabilistic information and the attitudinal character of the decision maker. For doing so, the fuzzy generalized probabilistic OWA (FGPOWA) operator is presented. It is an aggregation operator that unifies the probability and the OWA operator considering the degree of importance that each concept has in the aggregation. It also uses fuzzy numbers that deal with uncertain environments where the available information is imprecise. Moreover, it includes a wide range of particular cases including the fuzzy generalized probabilistic aggregation, the fuzzy POWA operator and the fuzzy GOWA operator. A further generalization to this approach is presented by using quasi-arithmetic means forming the fuzzy quasi-arithmetic POWA (Quasi-FPOWA) operator. An application in fuzzy group decision making is developed by using the multi-person - FGPOWA (MP-FGPOWA) operator. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]