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This work aims to investigate whether individuals, in decision-making in situations at risk, make choices consistent with the prospect theory, seeking to evidence occurrences of certainty, reflection, and isolation effects. For that, a questionnaire was applied, used in the original work by Kahneman and Tversky (1979) and adapted by Faveri et al. (2013), in 73 students of the Accounting Sciences undergraduate course at the Federal University of Juiz de Fora. This questionnaire took place in two moments, the first without knowledge and discussion about the theory of expected utility and, in the second moment, after explaining the concept of expected value. In addition to the analysis of the questions regarding the certainty, reflection, and isolation effects of PD, the originality of the study consists of comparing the results obtained in this research with the results presented in the article by Faveri et al. (2013), which inspired this work. A comparative analysis was also carried out, in a general scope, of the results obtained in the following moment (second application) to the present research, with the results of other selected researches, so that, finally, an analysis was carried out from the perspective of the genre. As the results show, the sample of this work has evidence of the presence of the same biases found by Kahneman and Tversky (1979) and by other empirical studies, strengthening the inferences that behavioral aspects can influence the choices of individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diante das diversas teorias a respeito da estrutura de capital e da teoria da Pecking Order, o presente trabalho buscou relacionar a assimetria de informação com a estrutura de capital das empresas, com o intuito de verificar se a assimetria de informação interfere na definição da estrutura do capital nas empresas brasileiras de capital aberto do setor de energia elétrica e têxtil. A pesquisa contou com uma amostra de 53 empresas, sendo 31 do setor de energia elétrica e 22 do setor têxtil, nos anos compreendidos de 2008 a 2012. A metodologia utilizada foi regressão com dados em painel, pois permite que a mesma unidade de corte transversal seja acompanhada ao longo do tempo. Os resultados apontaram que a assimetria de informação é um determinante da estrutura de capital, mas que os setores divergem entre si com relação à teoria da Pecking Order. No caso do setor de energia, a redução da assimetria de informação levou a uma propensão ao endividamento, enquanto no setor de têxtil ocorreu o inverso, visto que empresas menos passíveis de assimetria informacional são avessas ao endividamento. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to investigate the relationship between efficiency in cost management and the profitability of banking financial institutions in Brazil. The intermediation approach was used to estimate the efficiency in cost management of financial institutions, applying the Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) method modeled with economic-financial indicators. To investigate the relationship between efficiency and profitability, a multiple linear regression model with panel data was fitted. The research sample is made up of 47 financial institutions classified as multiple, commercial and Caixa Econômica, and the period analyzed covers the years from 2008 to 2015. In view of the application of the econometric model, the existence of a direct and statistically significant relationship was identified between efficiency in the management of costs and the profitability of financial institutions, indicating that higher levels of efficiency in the management of costs are related to higher levels of profitability. The signals obtained for the coefficients of the research variable and the control variables corroborated the expectations based on the scientific literature. Thus, the findings indicate that efficiency in cost management is a determining factor to improve the profitability of the Brazilian banking system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aimed to apply the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) in a dairy farm with small-scale production, located in the south of Minas Gerais State, Brazil. The survey was conducted from January to December 2013 and the gathering of information was carried out through semi-structured interviews on the spot. As data collection instruments were used personal interviews, document analysis and direct and participant observation. The farm object of study had 216 ha, 80% of this, leased. The activities were dairy farming, corresponding to 80% of revenues, and the cultivation of coffee. The breeding farm was 22 predominantly Holstein cows (¾H) that are loose in the pasture. The daily production was 350 liters average of 15.9 liters of milk per cow in milk, in two daily milkings. The main strength was the low cost of hand labor; while the weaknesses identified were the infrastructure, the lack of management control and planning. The mission created takes into account the increased efficiency in milk production and increase the quality of this product without increasing the herd. At the end, a strategic map, where it was revealed that the objectives growth and efficiency will be achieved taking into account the increase in revenue was proposed. It was found at the end of the study, that the principles of BSC can be applied to a farm producing small milk with some caveats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Among the main tax discussions in Brazil is the fact that indirect taxes greatly increases the product prices and consequently influence the consumption pattern. This work aimed to propose a model to measure the financial cost of excise taxes along one supply chain and analyze the sensitivity of this cost in relation to time and added value. Equations were developed with tax incidence, based on the current legislation and were applied in a simulated supply chain. Finally, was performed a sensitivity analysis by linear regression in 200 hypothetical supply chains. These analyzes confirmed the thesis that the longer the production chain and the greater are the added values in the initial links, the greater is the financial cost. It can be concluded that the model is applicable and that the financial cost of taxes influences the final selling price of the products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Organizations seek partnerships, fusions and acquisitions (F & A) in expected to obtain economies of scale and gain of synergy, scope and value creation or even at entry into new markets. Decided by acquisition or merger, it is necessary to carry out the evaluation of the enterprise. Business evaluation models and methodologies have been developed over time, with the assumptions and information arising from finance theory. The acquisitions of anonymous public companies are carried out through the public offering of shares (OPA). In Brazil, the OPA is disciplined by the Normative Instruction - in 361/2002 of the Securities and Securities, and must be accompanied by a company assessment report. This research through content analysis sought to evidence information about the company's history and vision, marketing market, criteria and assumptions of evaluation, discount rate, among others, constant in the evaluation reports. It was evidenced that the item that presented a higher amount of words and / or data set was market and industry. The supremacy of discounted cash flow methodology was found. In all reports was evidenced information about business knowledge and strategic analysis. The qualification of the evaluators presented the lower variability of information, indicating a certain standardization of these data. It can be considered that the information highlighted in the Lauds suprem the needs of information of users and can be a tool to minimize asymmetry of information and errors in Valuation. Although the quality of the information has not been evaluated, it can be inferred that a greater amount of data can offer larger informational content, thus giving more subsidy for decision-making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]