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Background: Mechanisms for military injury have evolved in the past century. Debridement is the gold standard for preparing a clean wound bed, decreasing the bacterial load, and reducing the likelihood of infection. However, bacteria may continue to linger in these wounds. The MolecuLight i:X Imaging Device uses the principle of autofluorescence to detect bacteria under violet light. Thus, visualizing bacteria will not only guide clinicians in their management of the wound but it will also serve as a means of evaluating debridement efforts. We hope to improve traumatic wound management by targeting debridement and assessing its quality.Methods: We describe the use of the MolecuLight i:X to photograph wounds under standard and violet light in three patients. Images were captured before and after debridement. Microbiology swabs were collected to correlate the bacteria found in the images to the wounds.Results: The post-debridement images demonstrate a marked decrease or complete removal of bacteria. The microbiology swabs confirmed the pre-debridement presence of bacteria.Conclusions: The MolecuLight i:X shows promise for debridement evaluation. The use of the MolecuLight i:X may reduce the likelihood of infection, thus having positive implications for military and trauma wounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives Whole plants of Boerhavia diffusa L. are widely used medicine in Ghana and other tropical countries, for the treatment of wounds and other ailments. The aim of the study was to determine the ability of sequential extracts of B. diffusa to influence oxidation and wound closure in myoblast cells in vitro. Methods Sequential extracts were prepared from the whole plant using four solvents of increasing polarity (hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol and water). Cytotoxicity was determined using the sulforhodamine B staining assay, phase-contrast microscopy, plas DIC microscopy and live-dead staining. Extracts were tested for their ability to reduce 2,2′-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride ( AAPH)-induced oxidation and mediate cell migration after artificial wound generation in C2C12 myoblast cells using the scratch wound assay. Key findings All extracts indicated negligible cytotoxicity ( IC50 > 100 μg/ml), and microscopic evaluation showed no difference from negative controls. AAPH induced a 2.87-fold increase in reactive oxygen species compared to the negative control. Pretreatment with 100 μg/ml of the extracts reduced AAPH-induced oxidation to 1.70-fold of the untreated controls ( P < 0.001). Wound closures in the methanol and water extract treatments were 18.08% and 20.76% higher than the negative control, respectively ( P < 0.01). Conclusions These findings indicate that the hexane, methanol and water extracts of B. diffusa whole plant promote artificial wound healing and protection against oxidation in vitro and therefore warrant further research into its mechanisms of wound healing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]