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Radio waves propagating in the atmosphere are affected by the prevailing atmospheric state. The state of the atmosphere can cause radio waves to refract more or less towards the ground. When the refractive index of the atmosphere differs from standard atmospheric conditions, the propagation is considered to be anomalous. Radars which are affected by anomalous propagation can observe ground clutter far beyond the radar horizon. In this work, 4.5 years' worth of data from five operational Swedish C-band dual-polarization weather radars are presented. Analyses of the data reveal a strong seasonal cycle and a weaker diurnal cycle in ground clutter from coastal regions across nearby waters. A comparison was drawn between the impacts of anomalous propagation on ground clutter measured with horizontal polarization and vertical polarization, respectively; however, no clear difference was found. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Radio waves propagating in the atmosphere are affected by the prevailing atmospheric state. The state of the atmosphere can cause radio waves to refract more or less towards the ground. When the refractive index of the atmosphere differs from standard atmospheric conditions the propagation is called anomalous. Radars which are affected by anomalous propagation can receive ground clutter far beyond the radar horizon. In this work 4.5 years of data from five operational Swedish C-band dual polarization weather radars are presented. Analyses of the data reveal a strong seasonal cycle and weaker diurnal cycle in ground clutter from coastal regions across nearby waters. The impact of anomalous propagation on ground clutter, measured with horizontal and vertical polarization, was compared but no clear difference was found. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This letter presents the monitoring results of the sea waves and the surface currents obtained by analyzing data acquired by a X-band marine radar in two different operative conditions, namely the short and medium pulse modes. In particular, we investigated the feasibility to use a medium radar pulse for sea state monitoring by comparing the performance in both the radar modes. The comparison was carried out by means of an experimental campaign and we observed a good agreement for surface current and sea state parameters estimation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]