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[Display omitted] The bionic application of electronic skin (e-skin) requires a high resolution close to that of human skin, while its long-term attachment to human body or robotic skin requires a porous structure that is air permeable and enables hair growth. To simultaneously meet the requirements of high resolution and porous structure, as well as improve the sensing performance, we propose a fully 3D printed e-skin with high-resolution and air permeable porous structure. The flexible substrate and electrodes are 3D printed by a direct ink writing extrusion printer. The sensitive material is 3D printed by a self-made low-viscosity liquid extrusion 3D print module. This e-skin has a high sensor density of 100/cm2, which is close to the resolution of the human fingertip skin. The piezoresistive sensor units of e-skin exhibit a highly linear resistance response and a relatively performance consistency between devices. Owing to the porous and breathable structure, better human comfort and mechanical heat dissipation are realized. This high-resolution e-skin is successfully applied to identify small-sized objects with complex contours. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Graphical abstract Nanostructured Cu electrode can be fabricated from electroless deposition (ELD) on a frosted plastic substrate via Parafilm® template and subsequently flipped over with an adhesive tape. The transferred Cu electrodes can be used to fabricate flexible electronic skin (E-skin) for monitoring human physiological signals. Abstract A novel and simple method was developed to quickly pattern and transfer electrodes with nanostructures for fabricating flexible electronic skin (E-skin). A nano/micro-structure embedded Cu electrode can be fabricated from a solution process-based electroless deposition (ELD) on a frosted plastic substrate and subsequently flipped over with an adhesive tape. The fine nano/microstructures on the Cu layer benefit the pressure-electric response of the pressure sensor, demonstrated a high sensitivity: 2.22 kPa−1. This fabricated flexible E-skin can be used for monitoring human physiological signals, such as wrist pulse and thumb bending. This fabrication method is an economical tool for fast prototyping cost-effective wearable electronics for the detection and prediction of diseases. It offers opportunity for researchers from resource-limited laboratories to work on miniaturized wearable devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Considering electronic skin applications, a pressure sensor based on periodic structure of graphene oxide-reduced graphene oxide (GO-rGO) has been designed and fabricated based on a low cost direct laser writing technique by utilizing the laser diode of DVD drive's pickup head. The optimization of sensor structure has been performed using computational modelling through Finite Element Method (FEM) in the COMSOL environment. The optimized structure is fabricated based on the deposition of thin layer of GO on the surface of Kapton and the pattering is performed by laser irradiation. The fabricated sensor structure has been characterized structurally and functionally. The results show that the fabrication method is successful in the formation of periodic structure of GO-rGO and the sensor has an acceptable response in the range of 1.5–40 kPa. Image 1 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]