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As this special issue looks at how the pandemic has changed research practice in the fieldwork, this article looks at how the “Covid-19 effect” integrated ethnographic research in Tunisia. This article addresses the challenges related to the pandemic in Tunisia, to reconstruct the context that favored the implementation of certain research strategies. In this frame, this study presents six virtual interactions with six pious Muslim women recruited through the “snowball” method. There were a pious woman from the Imam Malik Quranic Association contacted via Facebook, two qa’idhat from the non-electoral party Hizb ut-Tahrir and three wa’idhat, officials from the Ministry of Religious Affairs, interviewed by telephone. Finally, this article reflects on the possibility of conducting ethnography in times of pandemic, and focuses on the opportunities of conducting virtual interviews. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article offers a vision of how scholars in community-engaged research can use peer co-writing to rehearse ethical engagement as an ongoing, contingent practice woven throughout the research process. The authors position ethics as both a process of constant rehearsal and the thing they are rehearsing for. As the co-authors cared for each other as scholars and people, through both honest critique and humble support, co-writing became a rehearsal space for translating theoretical ideas of ethics and community engagement into embodied practice. They found María Puig de la Bellacasa's formulation of knowledge products as "matters of care" influential in shaping how they understand and practise ethics. Positioning the enactment of care as the ethical standard of collaboration does the work of making research more sustainable and generative by placing value on the interpersonal relationships that make research viable and not only on the research product. It also allows them to interrogate how individual knowledges are informed by larger communities and challenges them to acknowledge how all thinking is a collaborative process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

International relations (IR) are an object of sociology as any other. Contrary to the Anglo-Saxon founding fathers of the discipline of IR who have been very attached to delineating domestic affairs (realm of welfare) and international politics (quest of survival), Guillaume Devin was never interested to stick to a theoretical perspective of IR which would be detached from sociological input. Beyond sociology, he always tried to open the study of IR to other social sciences, history, and law. This article attempts to give an account of this multidimensional study of IR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Some chelonians, such as the gopher tortoise (Gopherus polyphemus), spend much of their time underground in burrows. Often, they will retreat into these burrows when approached. This predator avoidance behavior may potentially influence the spatial use patterns that researchers directly observe via manual telemetry. In an effort to record the movements of gopher tortoises using affordable methods that reduce behavioral effects, we devised a novel application for Global Positioning System (GPS) loggers, specifically that of a low‐cost recreational unit that could be modified for extended deployment (~6 months) under gopher tortoise‐conditions. We conducted a stationary testing study of these GPS loggers whereby they were deployed at specific depths (0.5 m, 1.0 m, and 2.0 m) inside inactive burrows and on the surface at our study site in southeastern Georgia, USA, during summer 2017. This stationary trial allowed us to characterize the effect of burrow depth on GPS fix success rate (FSR), mean location error (µLE), and root mean square of the location error (LERMS). We found that µLE and LERMS increased with increasing depth underground; µLE ranged from 17.34 m on the surface to 69.98 m at the 2.0‐m depth. However, following exclusion of LE outliers >3 standard deviations from each treatment mean, LERMS decreased to 8.6 m at the surface to 40.46 m at the 2.0‐m depth. The FSR varied by burrow depth from 0.51 (2.0‐m depth) to 0.99 (surface). Additionally, we provide our attachment and deployment methods as used for studying the spatial ecology of the gopher tortoise with modified recreational GPS loggers. Overall, the modified GPS loggers performed well, obtaining 146,118 successful GPS fixes on 38 individual gopher tortoises during 84 unique deployments, each approximately 3.5–6 months in duration. © 2020 The Wildlife Society. Low‐cost recreational GPS loggers can be modified for application for wildlife and have been shown to produce reliable data useful for spatial ecology and behavior studies. Field‐based location and acquisition error rates can be assessed through short‐term validation studies that will yield a quantified understanding of how habitat and wildlife behavior affect data biases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The terms culturally responsive teaching and culturally responsive pedagogy have become more common in the vernacular of public-school teaching. However, practical applications of cultural responsivity are not often clearly presented due to the nature of being responsive. Responsivity requires knowledge of students and community (context) specific to each teaching context. Content and materials should then be derived from the development of the contextual understanding. This is why presenting a tool box of culturally responsive practices is not possible when seeking to become more culturally responsive in the classroom. This article seeks to situate cultural responsivity as a mind-set as opposed to an approach or method within the elementary general music classroom. Practical steps that can be taken toward the development of this mind-set are then presented with a focus on context and content. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The organizational and management system of activity of public authorities involves using methods of administrative management. Especially this question is updated due to the liberalization of relations between government and society, deepening market reforms, focusing on the development of international cooperation. The activity of authorities is based on linear-functional manage- ment models. In the internal structure of the government administrative methods in regard to entities of non-state patterns of ownership, management functions are diversified and focused on the indicators of efficiency aiming to arrange conditions for business. Priority of administrative management in the government activity is budgeting at various levels, as budget unites government and non-government sectors in the common system of population support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. To identify key methodological elements for prioritization in health research, based on the methodologies reported in the scientific literature. Methods. A systematic search was conducted in Medline, Embase, LILACS, and complementary sources of gray literature. Keywords: research, methods and health priorities were used in combination with free terms. Two independent reviewers, according to previously defined criteria, selected literature reviews or methodological documents that presented methodologies for prioritization in health research. The main characteristics of the reported methodologies were extracted and common elements were identified. Results. Seven revisions and five methodological documents were included, reporting four specific structured methodologies and multiple methodological approaches combining diverse elements. In general, these methodologies integrate the perspective of key stakeholders with objective information, through the application of standardized participation techniques, to establish a ranking of priorities based on previously defined criteria. Common methodological elements related to process steps, participation mechanisms, criteria for prioritizing and analysis of results were identified. Conclusion. The prioritization in health research requires the use of a methodology defined a priori, which must contain at least four key elements: clear steps of the process, criteria to prioritize, formal techniques of participation and methods for analysis of results. These elements should be tailored to the conditions and needs of the application context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses practical approaches for organists in playing orchestral transcriptions or accompaniments. Topics covered include ways of building orchestral articulation and registration, the combined variety of tone color and dynamic contrast that are important to the orchestral texture, and steps that can improve the results obtained in adapting orchestral music to the organ no matter the instrument or period of music involved.

The article discusses the second and third movements of composer Ludwig van Beethoven's Violin Concerto, and how violinists can play it in a way that shows their ability to communicate with the audience and the orchestra. It states that the first movement ends with three fortissimo cords and the second movement begins with pianissimo chords in G major with the tempo marking Larghetto.

ABSTRACT Autonomous sensors and automated analysis have great potential to reduce cost and increase efficacy of wildlife monitoring. By increasing sampling effort, autonomous sensors are powerful at detecting rare and elusive species such as the marbled murrelet ( Brachyramphus marmoratus). New approaches must be tested for comparability to existing methodologies, so we compared the results of inland audio-visual and of automated acoustic monitoring for marbled murrelets, conducted during the 2010 breeding season, at 7 sites in the Santa Cruz Mountains, California, USA. We found automated acoustic surveys and analysis had fewer detections per morning compared with audio-visual surveyors, but the rate of automated acoustic detections per morning was positively and strongly correlated with the rate of audio-visual detections per mornings ( r = 0.96, P < 0.01). Furthermore, acoustic monitoring sampled 10 times more mornings per site ( [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the systematic technical practice approach that can be used for the violin. It states that one must have collected ideas to develop own's technique. Discussed is the "cello vocabulary" in which one can use alongside the corresponding emoticons in developing and recalling different techniques.

The author suggests exercise for playing the violin in order to release tension which inspired by the Alexander technique. Topics discussed techniques related to hand and neck movement, chewing or speaking while playing to make free jaw, and information on several human body postures. Also provides tips for music teachers for the same.

The author offers technique for violinists who are struggling with the joined-staccato bowing. He explains the difficulty of mastering the bow strokes of firm staccato, which requires a stiff hand and arm to perform the process. The author shares tips on how to execute a firm staccato using a very relaxed hand and arms, and with a good control to help players improve their stroke.

Low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) lack the research infrastructure and capacity to conduct rigorous substance abuse and mental health effectiveness clinical trials to guide clinical practice. A partnership between the Florida Node Alliance of the United States National Drug Abuse Treatment Clinical Trials Network and the National Institute of Psychiatry in Mexico was established in 2011 to improve substance abuse practice in Mexico. The purpose of this partnership was to develop a Mexican national clinical trials network of substance abuse researchers and providers capable of implementing effectiveness randomized clinical trials in community-based settings. A technology transfer model was implemented and ran from 2011-2013. The Florida Node Alliance shared the "know how" for the development of the research infrastructure to implement randomized clinical trials in community programs through core and specific training modules, role-specific coaching, pairings, modeling, monitoring, and feedback. The technology transfer process was bi-directional in nature in that it was informed by feedback on feasibility and cultural appropriateness for the context in which practices were implemented. The Institute, in turn, led the effort to create the national network of researchers and practitioners in Mexico and the implementation of the first trial. A collaborative model of technology transfer was useful in creating a Mexican researcher-provider network that is capable of changing national practice in substance abuse research and treatment. Key considerations for transnational technology transfer are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers tips and instructions on improving the accuracy and pace of left-hand shifts in playing stringed instruments such as cello. It presents exercises aimed at developing a feeling for the position needed for each note and discusses techniques doe shifting to the treble end of the cello, shifting in a single length of the bow under a slur, and being patient and practising exercises repeatedly to avoid tension as the best way to improve the shifting.

The article profiles Russian violin pedagogue Maya Glezarova from Moscow, Russia. Glezarova serves as one of the primary assistants to the late Russian pedagogue Yuri Yankelevich and as a professor at the Moscow Conservatoire in 1990. She is found to prefer covering little repertoire and ensure that every phrase makes musical sense. Her students find the need for strength of character when studying with her.

The article offers information on combining hand position and hearing to create ideal violin sound using the vibrato motion. It discusses the exercise that will help in learning how the bow and left-hand motion work together including pianissimo and crescendo. It mentions the importance of developing the ability to vary the vibrato and adapt it to the music according to the state and mood when playing.

The article offers step-by-step instructions for playing violin.

The article outlines the five useful devices adapted for a secure hold while planing a fingerboard. It includes the adjustable cello-fingerboard holder which is a variation on a traditional tool that violin makers have used for several years. It notes the two adjustable buttons that can be rotated up to meet the fingerboard blank to support it from underneath while the flat side is being planed. It mentions that the adjustable buttons are a short section of threaded rod with a leather cap.

The article offers ideas on how to achieve the independence of the hands when playing the violin in order to give meaning to every note. Topics mentioned include the exercises to practice to develop the skill of shading, connecting and energizing every note, the importance of having an expressive technique when playing any repertoire, and tips on how to change the sound color.

ABSTRACT The baited hoop-net is one of the most heavily used sampling tools for monitoring freshwater turtle populations. In the past several years, we have published a series of studies that tested potential biases associated with this sampling method. For this paper, we used a new experiment to directly test the influence of trap-mouth opening size on both captures and escapes. We also summarized the results from previous studies to direct future research on this topic and provide a useful guide for managers and researchers using this sampling device. In our experiment during May 2013 in Texas, USA, we found that traps with larger mouth-openings were more efficient at capturing turtles, while escapes were minimal for both mouth sizes. Thus, at least within the boundaries we tested here, increasing mouth-opening size is an effective way to increase captures without introducing biases caused by differential escape probabilities. © 2014 The Wildlife Society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on banjo player Carroll Best and his passion for banjo fiddling, adapted from the from the album notes to the new CD release "Carroll Best and The White Oak String Band: Old-Time Bluegrass from the Great Smoky Mountains, 1956 and 1959." Topics discussed include old-time music playing, Best's first public performance for a square dance held at Maggie Elementary School in North Carolina in 1941, and receiving the Lunsford Award at the Bascom Lamar Lunsford Festival in 1990.

The article offers information on making children learn musical instruments and its benefits in development of confidence and responsibility. Topics discussed include helping children in leaning musical instruments, tips on teaching music to children without paying much money, and selecting musical instruments according to children's age. Also mentioned are making them practice with musical instruments, other activities including dance and theater for developing skills, and playing music.

The article offers a lesson plan for teaching singing to fifth to 13th grade students. The author provides lyrics and chords for two Christmas songs without music and discusses tonal differences in multi-voice arrangements versus single-voice.

The optimal management of multi-purpose water reservoir networks is a challenging control problem, because of the simultaneous presence of multiple objectives, the uncertainties associated with the inflow processes and the several interactions between the subsystems. For such systems, model predictive control (MPC) is an attractive control strategy that can be implemented in both centralized and decentralized configurations. The latter is easy to implement and is characterized by reduced computational requirements, but its performance is sub-optimum. However, individual decentralized controllers can be coordinated and driven towards the performance of a centralized configuration. Coordination can be achieved through the communication of information between the subsystems, and the modification of the local control problems to ensure cooperation between the controllers. In this work the applicability of coordination algorithms for the operation of water reservoir networks is evaluated. The performance of the algorithms is evaluated through numerical simulation experiments on a quadruple tank system and a two reservoir water network. The analysis also includes a numerical study of the trade-off between the algorithms' computational burden and the different levels of cooperation. The results show the potential of the proposed approach, which could provide a viable alternative to traditional control methods in real-world applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers lessons related to organ playing. The author emphasizes the importance of checking the pedalboard and not assuming that a pedalboard is a standard one to a successful organ playing. She argues that it will take sometime before an organist becomes comfortable and efficient in playing a new technique, such as an approach to pedaling. Some of the personal experiences of the author in pedaling are also cited.

In this article the author reflects on the popularity of the banjo. He discusses the banjo in popular culture as well as various historical stereotypes associated with banjos and banjo players. He explores the roots of banjo playing in southern Appalachian states and stereotypes associated with impoverished rural communities. The author discusses the role of the banjo in his relationship with his father, the band Flatt and Scruggs, and instructional banjo workshops.

Se analizan algunos temas relacionados con la selección y la construcción de los datos de costos unitarios para utilizar en análisis económicos regionales, con ejemplos ilustrativos de un análisis de la vacuna conjugada infantil antineumocócica realizado en 10 países de América Latina y el Caribe en 2006. El objetivo del análisis fue obtener un conjunto consistente de costos unitarios de recursos empleados en el tratamiento de la enfermedad neumocócica, según una bien ponderada combinación de datos publicados, tasas de reembolso, datos de cobro y nuevos métodos de determinación de costos detallados. Los pasos previos al análisis abarcaron la determinación del grado de detalle requerido, la definición del intervalo de costos de interés y la selección de conceptos de medición apropiados. Se determinó el costo detallado de los ítems mediante la descomposición de los componentes del tratamiento. Para el análisis se utilizaron los costos promedio ponderados por la población. En este informe se describen los diferentes métodos de determinación del costo empleados en el estudio y los problemas conceptuales y prácticos encontrados para su aplicación. También se identifican los posibles retos para generalizar este enfoque a otros escenarios de determinación de costos con otras enfermedades. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the introduction of non-traditional musical instruments into the teaching of instrumental music to young children. The author specifically reviews several means by which musical instruments can be made to produce unusual sounds, including using different mutes, using only parts of an instrument, tapping with the bow on the body of an instrument, singing through tubes or funnels, and various alterations of a piano in the manner of the composer John Cage.

Se revisó la literatura disponible publicada entre 1957 y 2007 sobre la evaluación antropométrica de embarazadas y se analizaron críticamente las metodologías recomendadas. Las mediciones antropométricas constituyen el método más frecuentemente empleado debido a su reconocida utilidad para prevenir la morbimortalidad perinatal, predecir la salud del niño y promover la salud de la madre. Ha habido un intenso debate sobre el aumento óptimo de peso durante la gestación, que ha llevado a cambiar las recomendaciones nutricionales. Hasta la década de 1960 se sugería limitar el aumento de peso gestacional como una forma de evitar un resultado obstétrico desfavorable. Se reconoce que la metodología recomendada por el Instituto de Medicina (1990/1992) es la más aceptada en todo el mundo y ha servido de estándar de referencia en muchos estudios, sin embargo, también se presentan otros métodos (que utilizan modelos gráficos e indicadores basados en el índice de masa corporal y la tasa peso-altura gestacionales). Para contribuir a la salud materno-infantil se necesitan estudios que validen los indicadores de alteraciones nutricionales durante el embarazo y que tengan elevados valores de sensibilidad y especificidad con respecto a los desenlaces obstétricos indeseables, y determinar un estándar universal del aumento de peso durante la gestación. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a profile of the English comedian Charlie Chaplin and his amateur violin playing. Details are given describing the performer's extensive use of the violin, playing and composing for his own films in the later part of his career. Comments are also given regarding his unique technique accommodating for his left-handedness.

The article profiles violinist Rachel Barton Pine. Pine discusses her decision to learn the violin, violin concertos by composers Ludwig van Beethoven and Franz Clement and her research into different musical styles. She discusses how a train accident affected her career and a charitable foundation she established to promote education in classical music and support musicians.

Abstract: We present a qualitative diagnostic based on the continuous wavelet transform, for the detection of irregular behaviour in time series of particle simulations. We apply the method to three qualitatively different gravitational 3-body encounters. The intrinsic irregular behaviour of these encounters is well reproduced by the presented method, and we show that the method accurately identifies the irregular regime in these encounters. We also provide an instantaneous quantification for the degree of irregularity in these simulations. Furthermore we demonstrate how the method can be used to analyse larger systems by applying it to simulations with 100-particles. It turns out that the number of stars on irregular orbits is systematically larger for clusters in which all stars have the same mass compared to a multi-mass system. The proposed method provides a quick and sufficiently accurate diagnostic for identifying stars on irregular orbits in large scale N-body simulations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The article provides insights for trombone players on preparing and performing Anton Bruckner's Symphony No. 4 from Peter Ellefson of Indiana University. Among the factors to be considered in preparing for Bruckner Symphony No. 4 are execution of loud passages, note lengths and tuning. Ellefson also discussed the concept of beat hierarchy in performing the composition. He emphasizes the need for large adjustments in order to get the beats out of chords.

The article discusses violin pedagogy and focuses on the books "Principles of Violin Playing and Teaching," by Ivan Galamian and "Basics," by Simon Fischer. It notes Galamian's focus on mental control over physical movement as key to technical proficiency. It also discusses his focus on bowing technique, notably on bow grip and bow stroke. The article also discusses the influence of Galamian's assistant, violinist Dorothy DeLay, on the technique offered by Fischer. INSETS: SUZUKI'S METHOD;ŠEVČk'S DRILLS: THE PROS AND CONS.

The article presents a profile and interview with the Canadian violinist James Ehnes. An overview of Ehnes' career in music performance is given, highlighting its effect on his showmanship and professional attitudes. The author focuses on Ehnes' practicality in musical interpretation and performance, citing the importance of being relaxed rather than overly strict to specific schools of thought.

Offers a look at the challenges facing older people in learning to play the organ. Perception of older people on learning to play musical instruments; Problem associated with selecting an instrument of reasonable quality and price; Link between age of starting lessons and lessons received.

Offers information and ideas on playing various songs in organ. "Chant de Paix," composed by Langlais; "Cantabile," by Franck; "Choral," by Louis Vierne.

Investigates the challenges facing organists who use Aristide Cavaillé-Coll's instruments. Influence of personality of organ choice; Factors that influence the management of medium-sized or large organ; Description of Cavaillé-Coll's organs.

In this paper, we present an algorithm for numerical solution of some type of the inclusion problem in planar linear elastostatics. This problem arises on numerical solution of an inverse problem that contains in the identification of interfaces or inclusions by elastic boundary measurements. The algorithm is based on the boundary integral equation method. By combination of the single- and double-layer potentials a boundary value problem is reduced to a system of integral equations of the first kind with logarithmic and hypersingular kernels. Full discretization is realized by trigonometric quadrature method. We establish convergence of the method and prove error estimates in a Hölder space setting. Numerical examples illustrate convergence results. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Injuries are among the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. The burden caused by injuries is even greater among the poorer nations and is projected to increase. Very often the lack of technical and financial resources, as well as the urgency of the problem, preclude applying sophisticated surveillance and research methods for generating relevant information to develop effective interventions. In these settings, it is necessary to consider more rapid and less costly methods in applying the public health approach to the problem of injury prevention and control. Rapid Assessment Procedures (RAP), developed within the fields of epidemiology, anthropology and health administration, can provide valid information in a manner that is quicker, simpler, and less costly than standard data collection methods. RAP have been applied widely and successfully to infectious and chronic disease issues, but have not been used extensively, if at all, as tools in injury control. This paper describes Rapid Assessment Procedures that (1) are useful for understanding the scope of the problem and for identifying potential risk factors, (2) can assist practitioners in determining intervention priorities, (3) can provide in-depth knowledge about a specific injury-related problem, and (4) can be used in surveillance systems to monitor outcomes. Finally, the paper describes some of the caveats in using RAP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Offers tips for teaching beginning trombone players. Fundamentals of brass playing; Development of tone production; Books on beginning trombone methods and band methods; Literature on daily warm-up studies for beginning to intermediate players; Books for scale studies and etudes for beginning to intermediate trombone players.

The article offers step-by-step instructions on how to perform bow transition at the frog through the use of a violin.

Several letters to the editor are presented in response to articles regarding how to keep the knees together when pedalling, the absence of practical guides to "Hauptwerk," and the pedal technique.

The article offers suggestions on the right techniques in pedalling organs. It offers information on the reasons why organ teachers from Great Britain and the U.S. instruct their students to pedal organs from the inside edges of their feet while their knees should be together. Moreover, it cites the conventional way of teaching students about organ pedalling.

A personal narrative is presented which explores the author's experience of preparing for a horn performance with a female keyboardist.

The article offers pedalling tips for the organists. It advises organists to consider the technical demands of the organ music, to practise the necessary musical movements, to ensure the soundness of pedal technique, to memorise the manual parts for comfortable play, and the challenges of the passage.

The article presents several exercises in violin rock string technique for classically trained violinists. Musical notations for a minor pentatonic scale, a blues scale, and a rock riff are offered and guidelines for transitioning from a classical to a rock approach to playing the guitar are suggested.

The author discusses two common issues in trombone pedagogy and the relationship of each issue to a specific scientific theory of learning. One issue involves learning how to create a beautiful trombone sound while the other focuses on developing trombone students who may become creative and expressive musicians. The author further explains that trombone pedagogues use techniques that resonate with many aspects of social cognitive theory such as the use of modeling in trombone teaching.