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The concept of sustainability has a key component of balancing developmental needs of the present and the future, what we call the time element (TE). IntegratedWater Resources Management (IWRM) has emerged as a paradigm of river governance, balancing different interests and needs. This we call the Interest Element (IE). This paper explores how IWRM incorporates sustainability, leading to stronger river governance, reflecting the balance between timeframes as well as across different interests. We investigate the use of indicators for integrated assessment of two large river basins, the Yellow River basin in China and the Ganges River basin in India. The process analysis method is employed for developing framework. A tailored indicator set is selected and categorized under three domains, environmental performance, social wellbeing, and economic development. This framework provides policy-makers with a holistic review of river sustainability through tailored indicator sets, which can be used for underpinning IWRMpolicies. This speaks to our argument that an explicit recognition of sustainability indicators, resulting in a composite model makes for both conceptual clarity and better policy directions. This paper concludes with a series of key elements for IWRM through a comparative study of river management regimes in China and India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The basic water resources management system in China is a planned water use system which plays a very important role in managing the country's water resources. This paper describes the water resources allocation framework, which is the basis of the planned water use system framework in China. The planned water use system is developed to manage real-time water resources development and utilization, implemented through a series of water resources use plans, including annual water resources regulation plans, annual water abstraction plans and annual/seasonal water use plans at different spatial levels. Both technically and managerially, the planned water use system in China requires the establishment of spatial, temporal and water resource consistencies. Using the Yellow River as a case study, this paper demonstrates the application of the system at three levels in the basin. Finally, combined with the implementation progress, the paper provides recommendations to promote and improve planned water use system implementation in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: In this paper, nonlinear time series modeling techniques are applied to analyze suspended sediment data. The data are collected from the Yellow River basin at Tongguan, Shanxi, China during January 1980–December 2002. The phase space, which describes the evolution of the behavior of a nonlinear system, is reconstructed using the delay embedding theorem suggested by TAKENS. The delay time used for the reconstruction is chosen after examining the first zero-crossing of the autocorrelation function and the first minimum of the average mutual information (AMI) of the data. It is found that both methods yield a delay time of 7 days and 9 days, respectively, for the suspended sediment time series. The sufficient embedding dimension is estimated using the false nearest neighbor algorithm which has a value of 12. Based on these embedding parameters we calculate the correlation dimension of the resulting attractor, as well as the average divergence rate of nearby orbits given by the largest Lyapunov exponent. The correlation dimension 6.6 and largest Lyapunov exponent 0.065 are estimated. Finally, the phase space embedding based weight predictor algorithm (PSEWPA) is employed to make a short-term prediction of the chaotic time series for which the governing equations of the system may be unknown. The predicted values are, in general, in good agreement with the observed ones within 15 days, but they appear much less accurate beyond the limits of 20 days. These results indicate that chaotic characteristics obviously exist in the sediment transport phenomenon; techniques based on phase space dynamics can be used to analyze and predict the suspended sediment concentration. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The rapid agricultural development of the Yellow River basin in China has caused serious potential water pollution to the vicinal areas. In this paper, a compact scheme is developed and employed to simulate the unsteady transportation of three representative water quality variables including ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen in the downstream Yellow River. As an extension of Ref. [Yang ZF, Chen GQ. The compact fourth-order finite difference scheme for the unsteady convection–diffusion equation involving source term. Chin Sci Bull 1993;38(2):113–6 [in Chinese]], the scheme is applied to the more general convection–diffusion equation with complicated terms reflecting the mutual action of water and sediment, which conforms to the characteristic of high sediment concentration of the Yellow River. The simulation results indicate that the error yielded from the proposed method is smaller than that of the referenced scheme (five-point hybrid scheme) in solving the water quality equation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]