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Introduction: The multiplication on the offer of current news and audiovisual entertainment content in the renewed digital context, motivates public and broadcasting corporations to implement and internalise innovative processes that allow them to be relevant in people's lives. These processes are not only limited to the development and integration of sophisticated technological prototypes, but are closely linked to a philosophy of constant change and renewal of ideas and ways of thinking. This research project offers a complete deep insights of the innovative proposals of the state-owned public service media from the Iberian Peninsula, Radiotelevisión Española and Rádio e Televisão de Portugal, with a particular focus on the strategic, technological and young audience engagement prism. Methodology: In-depth interviews were conducted with the directors of the innovation and technology departments of the corporations, as well as with the heads of their main youth content projects, PlayZ and RTP Arena, respectively, complemented by a review of the online products and social networks of both groups. Results: It is identified that RTVE's proposal has a greater disruptive component, with initiatives aimed at optimising the user’s experience, mobile first or technologies such as AI, 5G or 4K; while RTP's approach has a greater cultural cut, trying to renew the language and routines of creation of its traditional and native contents. Conclusions: The innovation strategies of both corporations start from a central objective of updating, with cautious approaches to new technologies. The recent creation of a bubble department in RTP contrasts with the reality of RTVE, with the intention of blurring the limits of this section in its structure in order to achieve a fully transversal innovation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The platformization and entry into the international television market of large video-on-demand (VoD) service providers has had an impact on all agents in the sector, as well as on operating rules, consumption habits, and financing, production and distribution models. In the case of public media, innovation is conceived as a strategic driver and the only sustainable alternative for their survival, repositioning and renewal in order to be relevant for citizens. This research analyzes 15 European public broadcasting corporations from Germany (ARD), Austria (ORF), Belgium (VRT and RTBF), Denmark (DR), Spain (RTVE), Finland (Yle), France (France TV), Great Britain (BBC), the Netherlands (NPO), Ireland (RTÉ), Italy (RAI), Portugal (RTP), Sweden (SVT) and Switzerland (RTS). A total of 18 interviews were conducted with senior managers of these corporations and one EBU member to shed light on innovation priorities, key points and areas of optimization, which allows identifying the conceptual, strategic and operational lines that these media will follow in the next stage. It is concluded that these broadcasters focus their efforts on the transversal implementation of high technology, particularly AI, for the improvement of their production and distribution operational routines; on the settlement and improvement of their VOD platforms; on digital positioning and cybersecurity; on the creation of stable communities; on the optimization of the user experience (UX) and the attraction and search for relevance for a young audience (16-25) often distant from their performances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The demanding promotion of university professors is being taken advantage of by international publishers to develop a fast business, that is framed in supposedly fraudulent activities of apparently scientific magazines, but without impact indexes that some experts already qualify as "epidemic" (García-Puente, 2019) and "plague" (Silva, 2016). This research uses the mystery client technique (Morena, 2013) to respond to an intentional sample of call for papers (CFP) submitted to researchers between January and April 2020, with a previously published article, that was intentionally altered to appear to be a scientific paper, but which violates the guidelines of originality and rigor: the order of the paragraphs is altered and translated into English with DeepL, without subsequent monitoring. During the period, 98 PICs were received and 38 submissions were made. The results are eloquent: none has been rejected, and within an average of 6 days 17 publication acceptances are confirmed. In all cases, payment is requested in advance. The article allows us to identify the profile of the journals, their recruitment strategies, the use of claims of: indexing, ethical standards and peer review and the naming strategies to simulate international prestige. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyses the response of European Public Service Media to the crisis caused by Covid-19, especially the impact of the pandemic on Europe's major public broadcasters, with a particular focus on technical and professional constraints, alterations in audience volume and habits, production strategies, type of broadcast content and journalists' routines. The research is based on public information from the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) and 19 in-depth, structured interviews with a convenience sample of innovation and strategy managers from public broadcasters in Austria (ORF), Belgium (VRT and RTBF), Denmark (DR), Finland (YLE), France (France TV), Germany (ARD and ZDF), Great Britain (BBC), Ireland (RTÉ), Italy (RAI), Netherlands (NPO), Portugal (RTP), Spain (RTVE), Sweden (SVT), Switzerland (RTS) and the European Broadcasting Union (EBU). The results indicate that the corporate projection of PSM was increased by emphasising their role as essential services and their defence of the values that characterise them. The pandemic forced the adaptation of programme production from technical standards to an emotional approach, accelerating a formal hybridisation with native online contents. Dependence on software grew and newsmaking processes were altered towards 'remote journalism'. Changes are drawn that may be maintained in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study analyses the main challenges perceived by communication consulting sector in Spain in a post-convergence context. An in-depth questionnaire to communication agency professionals and content analysis of their corporate websites and social platforms was used as methodology. The results point to a situation in transition between old and new practices, in which digitalisation is perceived as a current need and a challenge to sector's adaptation capacity, while only some agencies use the new channels offered by Internet for their own management of transparency and online visibility. A double reactivity is detected: with respect to their vision of the future, and to digital brand leadership. The research provides clues that can help researchers, professors and professionals to evaluate the sector and detect adaptation needs for the present and the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

La investigación se centra en analizar la interacción en la gestión de comunicación online para generar valor y para ello analiza las webs y la participación en redes sociales generalistas de las televisiones públicas europeas. Se presta atención preferente a los contenidos corporativos y a la información emitida por las cadenas públicas sobre si mismas para aproximarse a sus niveles de transparencia, de honestidad y de compromiso social que influyen en su reputación como corporación. Se revisan las características de su modelo de interrelación con las audiencias externas y se identifican y analizan los documentos o protocolos de normas o recomendaciones de gestión de actuación en redes sociales (guidelines) para públicos internos. El objetivo es identificar políticas de gestión de social media en entornos públicos y, preferentemente de las principales cadenas de televisión europeas, y analizar su contribución a la creación de lo púbico como valor asociado a su imagen. Para el análisis de interactividad se trabaja sobre una muestra de siete emisoras: RTVE (España), France Televisions (Francia), RAI (Italia), BBC (Gran Bretaña), RTP (Portugal) y ARD/ ZDF (Alemania) Para el estudio de las guidelines se recurre, además, a una comparativa de las televisiones europeas con las guías de entidades referenciales en el ámbito de la comunicación en Estados Unidos y Canadá: NPR (EEUU), CBC (Canadá), las agencias de noticias Associated Press y Reuters, y los diarios The Washington Post y Los Ángeles Times. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When referring to tourism activity we study experiences and the use of social media allowing tourists 2.0 to have a first approach to their destination, generating a foregoing experience that motivates and influences the selection process. This research reviewed, from 2012 to 2016, the behavior of tourist 2.0 at the official digital platforms of tourism from 22 Ibero-American countries; in that direction is oriented an analysis of almost 150 million online interactions in order to identify their interests, tastes, and identify trends of participation in their social media. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. Tourism communication is undergoing a process of transformation. It has evolved from controlled mass communication, focused on the asymmetrical and one-way promotion of popular tourist destinations, to a new era of web-based multimedia information. This research evaluates what we have termed collaborative tourism communication 2.0 in the government tourism websites of 22 Latin American countries. Methods. The study is based on a purpose-created model of analysis that takes into account the website's tools, accessibility, digital resources, generation of products, interactive spaces (mainly social networks), and creation of virtual communities. Results and conclusions. Tourism communication needs to adopt a collaborative approach that involves a two-way and interactive communication model in which both parties have equal opportunities of participation. Websites have become consolidated as an essential platform for tourism promotion and advertising, but these platforms need to be adapted to the changing needs and behaviours of the tourist 2.0, through the use of resources and tools that make the tourism offer more attractive and through the creation spaces of interaction that allow users to participate and obtain direct advice on the web. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The migration of audiences to digital environments has motivated the media to develop a content distribution strategy that has a presence in these new spaces. In the case of European public broadcasters, they have strengthened their digital news services and have built video-on-demand platforms where they organise and screen their products. Even so, the overload of information and content reaching users forces corporations to look for new mechanisms to present an adequate, interesting and diverse offering to each of their followers. This research project analyses the use of artificial intelligence in the recommendation systems implemented by 14 European public broadcasters in Germany (ARD and ZDF), Belgium (VRT and RTBF), Denmark (DR), Spain (RTVE), Finland (YLE), France (France TV), Great Britain (BBC), the Netherlands (NPO), Ireland (RTÉ), Italy (RAI), Sweden (SVT) and Switzerland (RTS). The results reveal that there is no unanimity among the corporations with regard to the operation and origin of these systems, which vary between homemade developments, acquired from third parties, or collaborative solutions. Operators differentiate between news recommendation processes and those executed on their VoD platforms and aim to distance their systems from those of commercial media, for which they have already started working on a public service media (PSM) algorithm that includes traditional public media values, avoids filter bubbles, and pays special attention to the European General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The h-index is a bibliometric indicator that refers to the number of h citations an author or a journal has received in other publications. This article reviews the impact factor of the index, in addition to examining its application in the field of communication and the h impact of scientific journals in Latin America, Spain and Portugal.. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article analyzes the increasing transfer of ownership to the sources as newsmaking engines and drift of journalism as a social reference to current business information. The research focuses on the result of 673 interviews with journalists of Galicia (Spain) about levels of restraint in the construction of the agenda, the perceived balance between journalistic standards, political and economic to select and rank the news, the initiative in relationships and how to contact journalists with their sources, and professional aspects that are recognized and valued in newsrooms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper is demonstrated how the establishment of consolidated relationships in the virtual social contexts and the development of linked practices related to the viral marketing can alter the traditional process of informative production. The media agenda had always been built with the share of the media and their sources, but currently many users' active involvement on the internet has repercussions in the creation of contents that themselves create and they spread via viral techniques. These contents are not journalistic information in many cases, but when they reach repercussion, they finish being news and accessing to the agenda media, so that the users are who promote contents that media publish. This phenomenon is materialized in the federal elections in Mexico in 2007, where the political and citizen involvements in the new virtual scenarios finish for modifying the agenda of traditional media and, even, for changing the political reality of the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As artificial intelligence (AI) gains space in the media, public broadcasters are testing and experimenting with these technologies to raise their services to the new standards of the audiovisual ecosystem. From algorithms that help recommend the most suitable content for users, to others that detect news and automate some of the tasks of journalists, these tools are increasingly present in public audiovisual corporations. The data were obtained from semi-structured in-depth interviews with a convenience sample of 15 corporations from 12 countries. The results reflect a heterogeneous application of artificial intelligence in corporations, oriented towards the automatic creation of content from structured data, the improvement of audience interaction through chatbots, and personalisation or verification. The implementation of these technologies also poses major challenges. Firstly, the economic cost of adapting these systems to each corporation and the difficulties in hiring experts to develop AI solutions prevent a complete deployment of these tools in public broadcasters. As main conclusions, we have understood that AI as a "culture" is believed to be vital for the public audiovisual services of the future, although its application is still far from being a standard and generally does not occupy a relevant strategic position in the innovation departments of corporations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The currently dominant model of scientific production in the field of communications research exhibits an over standardization of mainly empirical research, which is overwhelmingly carried out using quantitative techniques based on simple statistical analysis, in many cases limiting the presented results to an interpretation of the available data. This paper presents an innovative proposal in the field, designed as a new strategy for scientific dissemination and presentation. It puts forward the objective of building three composite indicators that, applied to European public service media, will allow the assessment of the perception of their social value, independence, and management efficiency. Moreover, a study that enables a comparative vision of these three issues in all the countries of the European Union, excluding Malta and Luxemburg, is also proposed. This methodology represents an innovation because it thoroughly explains the process and justifies the validity of the documentary sources used to facilitate their reproduction or questioning. It also reinforces the discussion of the results with the evaluation of the indicators' robustness before deciding which of them is most appropriate on each occasion for comparing the results using a multicriteria decision analysis technique, the Technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (Topis) method, proposed by Hwang and Yoon (1981). The results attest that synthetic indicators are an innovative, original, and validatable methodological tool that can contribute to the progress of research in the field of the communications sciences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]