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Current trends in economic development of most countries highlight the need to improve existing tools for their economic growth and sustainable development. An important aspect in this direction is the implementation of the policy of de-shadowing of the economy. The article analyzes the current world trends in the functioning of the shadow economy, identifies the most common schemes of shadow capital withdrawal and approaches to their classification. The systematization of the existing methodical approaches to the assessment of the level of shadowing of the economy is carried out, their advantages and disadvantages are determined. The expediency of developing a unified approach to estimating the volume of shadow financial flows, which is based on taking into account the multi-channel schemes of shadow capital outflow, is substantiated. An integral aspect of the functioning of Ukraine's economy in recent years is the shadow sector. Modern business conditions, characterized by instability of economic development indicators, variability of internal and external environment, serve as an additional stimulus to the transition of economic entities into the shadows or the use of various schemes of concealment of income within the legitimate field of their activity. In an effort to maximize their income, businesses are increasingly carrying out shady financial transactions. Therefore, the search for the main directions of improving the effectiveness of state policy to de-shadow the economy is an important scientific task in the context of macroeconomic instability of the country and the low level of its economic security. The aim of the article is to investigate current trends in the functioning of the shadow economy and to conduct a comparative analysis of methodological approaches to assessing its level. The paper analyzes the current world trends in the functioning of the shadow economy, identifies the most common schemes of shadow capital withdrawal and approaches to their classification. The results of the analysis allow us to conclude that there is a significant variety of schemes for the shadow withdrawal of funds, the number of which is growing every year. The use of new forms of entrepreneurial activity, digitalization of the economy often only deepen the existing imbalances in the economy and leads to the emergence of nontraditional (digital shadow economy) schemes of income concealment. The presence of already ineffective mechanisms to counteract the shadowing of the economy also does not contribute to the emergence of economic entities from the shadows. One of the reasons for this situation is the lack of a unified effective and objective methodological approach to assessing the level of the shadow economy, and therefore complete information about the actual volume of shadow financial flows in the country. The systematization of the existing methodical approaches to the assessment of the level of shadow economy is carried out, their advantages and disadvantages are determined. The priority task in the direction of de-shadowing of the economy is to develop an adequate approach to assessing the level of the shadow economy, which is based on all potential schemes of income concealment and identify priority measures to combat shadow capital flight. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The problem of regional differentiation remains crucial for Ukrainian economy, especially in the context of a need for modernization processes' acceleration. In present conditions, a significance of transferring drivers of the country's socio-economic development (including to the regional level) is growing. Such tasks cause a need of increasing the level of individual regions' economic autonomy, that will ensure the formation of the necessary resources to intensify modernization transformations. On the basis of systematization of scientific approaches to the research of modern regional economy's problems an expediency of theoretical substantiation of concept and components of regions' economic autonomy was demonstrated. Accordingly, the main objective of the paper is to form the theoretical foundation and to develop methodological provisions for the study of the region economic independence level. A region economic independence vastly depends on: self-financing level, self-sufficiency level, sustainability development and possibility of achieving a state of self-development, etc. The study of region economic independence in terms of such components as: resource independence, budgetary autonomy, personnel and financial independence, industrial independence, scientific and technical (innovation) independence, has allowed to present it as a complex, multidimensional phenomenon. The set of indicators has been formed by all components. On their ground was offered to conduct an analytical study of the region's economic autonomy level. Presented set of indicators have different nature, and therefore for their processing it is necessary to use a standard procedure of normalization, e.i., bringing to a comparable form. In the conditions of resource constraints and an insolvency of solution all existing problems of regional development, an autonomy monitoring in the context of species and in general will allow to determine critical areas of certain regions' development. The calculations, presented in the paper, allow to determine indicators of economic independence of regions as a whole and in terms of components. In general, Ukrainian regions in terms of economic independence can be divided into three groups: with a relatively high level of economic independence; with an average level of economic independence; with a low level of economic independence. The main condition of ensuring regions economic independence in modern conditions, and hence, of formation resources for modernization, should become tools and mechanisms, the main among of which have to be: a concentration of gross value added, created in the region; a formation of a highly skilled workforce and its retention in the region; the raise of a state, regional and municipal officials' level of qualification; carrying out the reform of the public finance system and ensuring effective decentralization, others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]