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The wastewater treatment at paper industry that uses recycled fibers as one of its raw materials generates a sludge rich in cellulose fibers, which once dehydrated is called "paper waste". This waste has become an environmental problem because of its high generation rate. Although several alternatives of valorization have been studied, in Medellin none of them has been implemented on an industrial scale; the necessity is still there, that is why the land disposal of this waste appears as the most immediate way to manage it. Combined with the problem of disposition, it is the selection of the suitable site to make it, for which a methodology to be applied in the evaluation and selection of the optative sites for the disposition of remainders of paper industry was developed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents an approach to the relationship between land use planning and socioeconomic residential segregation, from the location of social housing in Medellin, Colombia, during the period 2006-2011. The first part introduces the land use regulations regarding the location of social housing, identifying ambiguities in the current spatial plan. Next, we present the intersection of regulatory information and the location of the projects that were under construction during the study period, highlighting the need to consider the location as an important characteristic of social housing and residential segregation as a phenomenon that must be recognized and worked on land use planning in our cities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The idea of considering the relationship established between Youth and Communication springs from the research "Musical Youth Mediations" which explores youth cultural production via the appropriation of alternative media. In this paper, we acknowledge the communicative developments present in web portals and recording studios which have been appropriated by the young and their culture, particularly the hip hop movement in Medellín. We consider this movement is a space that allows for identity ascription and a feeling of belonging, facts which in turn are strengthened by the development of their own languages, and that they help the young in exercising their skills to become active agents in reshaping their lives and their immediate surroundings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a characterization from the specific case of the file applied by the Forging Futures Foundation and the Assembly of Cooperation for Peace in Spain, Social Action, the Prosecutor and the Ombudsman, Saint Bonaventure University, People's Training Institute is made, within the framework of the 9 district days to the attention to the victims of the armed conflict in the city of Medellin and the Metropolitan Area since May 2009. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Following the simple and complex deficit and democratic model approaches, this paper analyses the communication strategies applied in several museums and interactive centers --Parque Explora, Museo Interactivo Empresas Públicas de Medellín, Planetario Jesús Emilio Ramírez and Museo Universitario from the University of Antioquia in the city of Medellín-. We argue that communicating scientific and technological developments at a conjunctural moment -because of the pressure exerted by the demand side to bring knowledge within the reach of the man in the street- involves recognizing science and technology issues should not be conveyed in a language increasingly distanced from layman's understanding and should allow for citizens' critical thinking formation face to techno-scientific developments. By analysing the communication approaches mentioned above, we found significant obstacles to be overcome in the communication strategies applied by museum staff in order to come to an understanding of science and technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we study the consumption pattern, expectations and satisfaction of the population of Medellin with Tetra Pak packages, the treatment given to them now when they are discarded and the conduct to be followed, knowing that the Tetra Pak is recyclable, then the process to recover partially debris from Tetra Pak is modeled and marketed as intermediate goods, eligible to be reinstated within various production processes. Several operating policies through a discrete event simulation built in Extend are studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this article is to analyze the major changes in working conditions of human resources in health since Act 100 of 1993. This paper is divided in two parts: the first one refers to the working conditions of health professionals in Colombia based on secondary sources and the second shows the results of a survey of a sample of Medellin professionals. We found that after the implementation of the Act, working conditions have deteriorated, especially for those professionals not engaged directly by health agencies, it also has generated wage gaps between professionals from different fields and even within the same; and has increased the working-day hours and underemployment found it in the area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses the most important results of a research focused on the construction process of architectonical concrete, presenting as a final result a handbook with recommendations on how to build architectonical concrete elements in the city of Medellin (Colombia). Architectonical concrete is a construction material which is able to supply both structural stability and definitive finishing. The research started by the definition of existing defects as well as their measuring techniques and tolerances. A statistical study was made in order to determine the most common defects on concrete surfaces in Medellin city. Possible causes of the most common defects were determined and, as a result of the analysis of each cause, general and particular solutions were given. General solutions focused on materials, equipment and the building process whereas particular solutions were given to each defect. Finally, the results herein presented constitute an advance in developing a regional specification, which will allow for the standardization of the processes involved on architectonical concrete construction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper identifies technologies for the agro-industrial sector which supposedly are important in the future and which are necessary to create the competences that allow us to offer the required knowledge for the innovation of products, processes and services in this sector and which help us to identify and to define new economic activities and to strengthen the existing ones in the region [1]. That is why we can identify the need for prospective studies with respect to Agro-industrial Engineering programs with the objective to create the foundation for the education of professionals with adequate profiles y competences. Professionals who are prepared to face a variety of changes which could come up in the future. This project consists in a prospective study using the DELPHI method, prioritizing the principal areas, topics and technologies which should be emphasized in the faculty of Agro-industrial Engineering in the University Pontificia Bolivariana in Medellín, Colombia. This study presents a list of technologies which are most relevant in the education process of the faculty of Agro-industrial Engineering with respect to the area of production, transformation, management and commercialization and logistics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is focused on the understanding of the variables and determinants of the ideas about strategy and how to reach it, that were expressed by people who work in companies that are located in the Aburra valley (Medellin, Colombia). The methodology used in the research had an exploratory character, focused on qualitative aspects and was conducted by the completion of a questionnaire with open questions, which final results and observations were afterwards analyzed. After the integration of the results, these were contrasted with recognized authors, such as, Igor Ansoff, Michael Porter, Alfred Chandler, Henry Mintzberg, Richard Whittington, to mention a few, in order to compare the results of the field research with the proposals of such management theory experts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the results of a study about a resettlement process from the area of El Morro in the neighborhood of Moravia in Medellin (Colombia), to state-built houses. It describes the different ways in which the resldents occupied the architectural spaces of the new houses. The intention is to show the tensions that emerge when the new inhabitants try to reconstruct in a different environment, their traditional way of life and sense of home, charactenstic of popular culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the methodology used to calibrate an NWS-FLDWAV model for flood routing through a stretch of the Medellín river. To build the model, the topographic information of the selected river section was compiled as soon as the stage hydrographs registered in the gauge stations. The importance of considering the discharge contributions along the stretch, which arise from the direct run-off caused essentially by the precipitation, was identified through the analysis of the behavior of the chosen floods. A way to calibrate the model was discovered that included the Manning coefficient of frictional resistance and the contribution discharge. This discharge was obtained from the analysis of the difference between base discharges for the two measurement stations that limit the river segment and were simulated with a spatial and temporal distribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper is a description and analysis of the process of activation of resilience carried on twenty families belonging to the therapeutic community Luis Amigó of Medellín, as a project of investigation-action during the year 1999. As a strategy, the eight principles of emotional interaction and cognitive mediation were followed, as proposed by the International Child Development Programs ICDP. The expected result at the end of the process, which could be ascertained at the final evaluation of the project, was the strengthening of bonds of healthy affection among its members, necessary for the generation of an ambience different from co-dependency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this little paper is to disseminate between regional geoscientists an historical data about an earthquake or swarm of earthquakes, felt in what is now the city of Medellín, in 1730. As far as is known, this event has not been reported before in available historical catalogs. It is important to understand the seismic hazard of the city and the region. An brief analysis is made with the limited published historical information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]