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Objective/Context: This paper studies the first Chilean school newspapers led by women and the role of high school students as mediators of scientific knowledge at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th. The analysis is part of the expansion and modernization of the press and publishing industry, as well as the in$uence of positivism and the educational reforms that were implemented in Chile during that period, a context in which the ruling class considered scientific knowledge, both its development and access to it by the population, as a priority. Methodology: The article is based on the studies of historians of science who have understood audiences as active agents in generating new knowledge, problematizing categories such as expert, amateur and layman, and examining the types of relationships they sustained. This theoretical perspective is applied to analyzing the magazines of four women's high schools that took advantage of the valid study plans to access the university in the period and is complemented with other sources, such as prospectuses and relevant administrative documents. Originality: The study makes visible the role of women in science and, specifically, Chilean schoolgirls in this context, which have not been studied from the perspective presented here. Conclusions: Despite the lack of attention given to this population group in terms of scientific contribution, it is shown that high school students were active readers, disseminators and producers of knowledge, managing magazines, generating networks and circulating the knowledge beyond the walls of their educational establishments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective/context: The paper examines the contribution of think tanks (TTs) to debating ideas and their relationship with the environment. Specifically, it analyzes the variations introduced by the electoral campaign in the political positions of TTs and the role of ideology and party affiliation as possible determinants. Methodology: The content of the web pages of ten TTs is monitored before and during the electoral campaign for the 2021 presidential elections in Chile, where numerous TTs have become protagonists. For each TT, attention to socio-political issues is analyzed, and the trend of their positions is recorded. Conclusions: The analysis shows that TTs adapt their communicative agenda to the electoral campaign and that their ideology is a principal variable in this strategy. Originality: Evidence is provided on the entry of TTs in electoral campaigns with differences between conservatives and progressives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this article is to explore the concept of research-creation and its applicability within anthropology, focusing on the creation of plastic-sensorial artifacts as a valid source of knowledge. To this end, we first present a bibliographical review to contribute to the articulation of a field of methodological experimentation within anthropology, highlighting its interdisciplinary nature and the dialogue with other knowledge from sociology, design, and media arts. Next, we present and critically discuss the concept of research-creation, indicating its relevance in conducting research whose results go beyond the textual, while producing knowledge that is inscribed in plastic-sensory artifacts. Three interconnected dimensions are proposed to understand a process of research-creation from anthropology: a methodological one, referring to the creation of records or data during fieldwork; a curatorial one, concerning at the possible combinations of the collected material; and a third public dimension, focusing on the circulation and agency of the outcomes of these research-creations. Finally, we investigate and describe an ethnographic case study with family members of people deprived of their liberty in Chile, a collaborative research-creation process that culminated in a sound installation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Marine conservation has become one of the main factors in the transformation of oceans, reshaping the relations of power which define the future of such zones, with the participation of diverse agents in decision-making. This paper analyzes the creation of Marine Protected Areas in the Corcovado Gulf in Chilean Northern Patagonia. It reveals that these Marine Protected Areas are i) a response to a controversial process of territorial transformation, aggravated by the expansion of the salmon industry and calls for the conservation of biodiversity; ii) the emergence of a conservationist assemblage, based on the idea of collective efforts, and its involvement in a multi-agent network of governance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we analyze the role of engineering and research in the environmental licensing process in the light of institutional changes made in Chile since 2010: the creation of the Ministry of Environment and the Environmental Assessment Service. To do this, we will show the challenges posed by these new institutions, the opportunities identified and the work undertaken to address those changes. Finally, the results will be presented taking the Punta Alcalde project as a model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on the various concepts of patronage that were held in Chile after the formation of the Junta Gubernativa of 1810 and the relation with the Holy See in the context of the exercise of republican patronage. The concepts patronage, papal concessions, or sovereign attributions inherited from the Spanish Monarchy were complemented by the Holy See's own concept of Papal Reserve which, starting in 1830, was imposed in Episcopal appointments. In this context, the author analyzes the way Chilean governments executed republican patronage, recognized as a sovereign attribute in the Constitution of 1833. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the ritual mechanisms deployed in Chile on the occasion of the ratification of the constitutional texts which came to be in the period between 1812 and 1833. By studying these political ceremonies, which are clearly continuations of the royal oaths of the colonial regime, the efforts of the Chilean leading class to socialize the republican ideals among the population become evident, making it possible to symbolically replace the King for the Constitution as the source of legitimacy of the new political system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]