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The article has the objective to compare poverty rates of elderly people between 2018 and 2020, after the universalization of the non-contributory pension during the 2018-2024 presidential period in Mexico, in order to know if there is a change on elderly people's poverty rates. Also, the article aims to know if this policy change has a regressive impact in the whole pension system distribution. The paper uses as a reference for the analysis the International Labour Organization (ILO) guidelines. It compares poverty of different social groups of elderly people in 2018 and 2020 using the National Survey of Households Income and Expenditure. The paper concludes that elderly people's poverty situation is better in 2020. However, there is an increase on inequality in pensions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents an analysis of the existing literature on social networks in Ibero-America, with the objective of organizing the main topics covered, highlighting findings, and proposing future research paths. The four thematic areas that stand out are political communication and electronic government; journalism and traditional media; social groups (including adolescents and young people, those marginalized, women, entrepreneurs and influencers, students, and older adults) and areas of use (including commerce, tourism, education, health, professional communication); and political and civic participation. In addition, we review the literature from the perspective of the platforms (Twitter, Facebook, WhatsApp, Instagram, YouTube, and Snapchat) and from the geographical regions and countries that make up Ibero-America, to observe similarities and differences. We conclude with the mention and analysis of the two most outstanding patterns of the studies examined: 1) a tendency to expect from the networks a transformative potential that is not necessarily proven, especially in the case of political communication and journalism; 2) transformative capacity of networks in the areas of tourism, education and health, in which traditional media have not been characterized by having a prominent role. Finally, we propose some paths for future studies, among them the pursuit of comparative works, the incorporation of relational perspectives in the treatment of networks, the addition of mixed, experimental and computational methodologies, and the consideration, from the research design standpoint, of the acceleration of technological change and the need to generate questions and conceptualizations capable of surviving the passage of time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article proposes an analysis of the nearness of the elderly population to the public green spaces (PGS) of the municipalities of Santa Fe and Rafaela (Argentina), with the aim of recognizing the proximity of elderly population to the PGS and identifying in which urban areas can be found the deficits, according international parameters. The purpose of this paper is to generate a reflection which could be useful to increase the level of details about urban strategies in this matter, in both intermediate cities. The methodology is based on the Censo Nacional de Población, Hogares y Viviendas (INDEC, 2010) and different surveys carried out by own resources from municipal cartographies. The study integrates the identified PGS into a spatial data matrix that makes it possible to quantify the available green area, and to map and identify urban areas which lack for these spaces, from the delineation of an «optimal proximity area» suggested by the WHO. The main results indicate, with respect to the amount of green area per inhabitant, that both urban centres accomplish the recommended standards of the WHO, although the participation of the different PGS according to «size ranges» indicates a general predominance of small spaces, with little contribution in the total green area. On the other hand, the analysed municipalities present an unequal proportion of elderly population residing inside the «optimal proximity area» to the PGS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is a theoretical reflection on the origin and evolution of «active ageing» as a political framework at the international level since the end of the last century, and its institutional influence in Europe and Spain currently. Likewise, this concept is related to similar ones that show the importance of policies and programs to improve the quality of life among older people in ageing societies. As a result of this research, other significant terms of the sociodemographic context confirm the increasing weight of the population of people over 65 as senior citizen, and the new social roles of older adults as agents of welfare and intergenerational solidarity. Thus, senior citizenship is present and future in changing societies where a new social contract of individual and vital responsibility will be necessary to cope the political, economic, technological and demographic challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper seeks to redefine certain aspects concerning the social bond and especially its degree of credibility and legitimacy regarding the issues of inheritance, transmission and establishment of an archetypal Ancestor or Ancestors. Below some issues are reflected upon regarding how the social bond is modified from new forms of subjectivity of elderly people who confront the inheritance they have received, for which they are no longer guarantors in some aspects, from an inheritance that has been transformed into cultural and social debt. It specifically states how the change in the form of construction of subjectivity in elderly people no longer holds them in place as transmitters, according to new forms and lifestyles that are tied more to the "present" than to the "past". The extent to which these factors override or redefine the social bond is then discussed. The context of this work concerns Latin America primarily, with some global references in order to better situate the complexity of the subject matter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Policies in favor of elderly people in Latin America include the need of enhancing an active aging process in which they can be able to participate in social issues through being immersed in lifelong learning, however, little has been done to incorporate older learners in continuing education as, for instance, to study their needs as learners. This paper aims to determine the communicative strategies used by senior learners of English as second language in an English course of communicative nature. Data were analyzed through semantic analysis of 10 subjects' discourse during the completion of communicative tasks from the Key English Test examination. The results show that learners use a variety of mother tongue strategies that they transfer into second language, when they experience oral communication breakdowns with the purpose of maintaining the flow of the conversation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]