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The study which this paper refers to aims to identify the internal and external factors comprised in the gender pay gap in a scientific institution. The research is based on the case of the University of Valencia, with secondary data from the 2015 payroll register. We measured the adjusted pay gap by worked hour, the doubly adjusted gap (by hour and category) and triply adjusted (by hour, category and compensation supplement). Such gap appears in all staff categories, which is reinforced by the presence of children. The magnitude of the gap and the weight of the diverse wage components varies between professional categories and fields of knowledge. We conclude that gender pay gap is not the result of a difference in merit between male and female academics, but of the functional structure of universities and of the general social structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]