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This article discusses the formation of the Portuguese Anthropology team of the 20th century, led by António Jorge Dias, and their research and collection of artifacts related to Portuguese culture. The team dedicated themselves to the study of rural life, the characterization of Portuguese culture, and research in Portuguese colonies. They founded the Center for Ethnology Studies and the Center for Cultural Anthropology Studies, as well as planning the creation of a universal museum. The team's work resulted in various publications about rural life and traditional technologies in Portugal. The text portrays the daily lives of populations living in poverty, highlighting the need for cooperation to survive. During the revolutionary period of PREC, there were attempts to purge "colonial" elements from institutions linked to the Ministry of Overseas. The research team and the Ethnology museum faced unjust accusations, as they were always against the dictatorial regime. The photographic-ethno archive of the CEE does not reflect the political changes that occurred during the revolution. The team's writings show social and political concerns, reflecting the transformations that the country went through in the 60s and 70s. The Agrarian Reform is mentioned as one of the significant changes. The team acknowledges that the country has changed and highlights the importance of preserving ancestral knowledge. The article describes the creation of the National Museum of Ethnology in Portugal and the contribution of foreign anthropologists, such as José Cutileiro, to the research and understanding of Portuguese rural culture. The museum team held exhibitions and collected objects that portrayed the country's rural life. The anthropological project aimed to highlight the importance of material culture and people's daily lives. The article also mentions the death of Benjamim Pereira, a member of the museum team, and highlights his contributions to the field. [Extracted from the article]

This article deals with private property as a historical structure of the process of territorialization and territorial planning. Its strategic importance in the economy of pre-capitalist formations will be crucial for the differentiation between urban and rural space, configuration of cities and fields, and for the construction of a colonizing model that, in the Roman Empire, gives rise to a solid legal and symbolic apparatus that persists through space and time, in a long-term history, crossing seas, confronting peoples, cultures and places. Brought to Brazil as a basic territorial unit of Portuguese colonization, it still follows as a determining element of the organization of social space, either through urbanization, segregation, agribusiness advancement and the degradation of biomes and ways of life. Thinking and acting on a critical perspective imposes rethinking of private property, their social function and its role in the configuration of territories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Jornal Enciclopédico was a Portuguese periodical impregnated with Enlightenment thinking that published important medical discussions for the Portuguese empire. as part of the set of publications for the popularization of knowledge that helped the diffusion of a public sphere, primarily located in the court, the journal had the participation of thinkers who advocated an attentive look at the people. In a related way to similar foreign newspapers, the document analyzed here examined diverse topics and had a body of authors and translators who intended to insert Portugal in the list of progressive countries, committed to the enlightenment of its people. A disease that was especially important for European imperialist domains, smallpox was an essential element of debate, and for this very reason, it received special attention from the journal’s editors. This article precisely discusses the insertion of this theme in the exchange of knowledge, through the Portuguese newspaper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to describe a brief history of the arrival of Protestantism of mission in Brazil, during the imperial period (1822-1889). For this purpose, we seek to develop the theme based on the understanding of the historical, cultural and social context of the country at that time and how the strategy of penetration of Protestant missionaries into the country occurred, which, until then, was an isolated and closed colony of Portugal. Among the main strategies, the propagation of the Bible was a significant difference in Protestant action, allowing the Holy Scripture to establish itself as a very present symbol of the new expression of Christian faith that arrived in Brazilian lands. It is noteworthy that the arrival of the Protestant faith in Brazil occurred through the main denominations existing at the time, namely, the Methodists, Congregationalists, Presbyterians, Baptists and Episcopalians. Finally, we seek to understand the developments caused by the presence of Protestants in the country, based on a social, educational and religious reality. The methodological option is based on a literature review. It is hoped that the reflections presented here will contribute to a better understanding of Brazilian Protestant history and identity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the third quarter of the 19th century, Macau, a Portuguese enclave in Chinese territory, became an important departure port for indentured labores. Official documents testify to the concern of the Portuguese metropolis with the growing flow of Chinese, the types of contracts, recruitment, transport conditions and the conditions of the barracks where they awaited shipment, in addition to the external repercussions involving the English, French and Chinese. This article studies the forced emigration of a group of Annamites kidnapped at sea by Chinese pirates and then sold as emigrants to emigration agents in Macau. A case study revealing some of the minutiae of the capillary business network with the aim of recruiting individuals and transforming them into indentured labores to supply the world's demand for cheap and disciplined labor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to present, as an object of possible research lines, the text of the representation dated August 4, 1777, coming from the chamber of Vila Real de Sabará, Minas Gerais, in which the officers address directly to Queen Maria I, arguing that it was no longer possible to maintain the voluntary subsidy - a tribute instituted to help in the reconstruction of Lisbon, after the earthquake of 1755 - given the decay in which the village and captaincy had been. In order to mark the existence and provenance of the diplomatic document, edited under semi-diplomatic norms, studies on its codicological, paleographic and diplomatic properties precede the analysis of the text. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article delves into some of the ways in which the Portuguese language book markets were explored by one of the publishing clans that most influenced the field of publishing in Portugal between the end of the 19th century and the end of the 20th century: the Torres. On the basis of the case of Romano Torres, a publishing house established in Lisbon between 1886 and 1990 and dedicated to the publishing of books for mass consumption, analytical attention is paid to the relationship between this publishing house and the spaces of print culture circulation in Portuguese-speaking communities outside Portugal and how its activity was shaped by political, publishing and economic dynamics that affected its relationship with this heterogeneous geographical and social constellation: including Brazil, the former Portuguese colonies in Africa, and the Portuguese diaspora. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In their interesting study on Sport and Globalization, Toby Miller, Geoffrey Lawrence, Jim McKay and David Rowe (2001) observe a parallelism between the commercial boom of imperialist Europe in the late 19th and early 20th centuries and the process of creating an order global for mass sports such as football, tennis, cricket, or athletics. The question of the expansion of the capitalist logic on sport is posed, as we will see below, in terms of the passage from British to North American imperialism. But there is another Empire, outside the concerns of the authors, within whose vast domains, a type of corporal practice also emerged, a warrior dance, a martial art, transformed at a given moment into a sport. We are talking about the great Portuguese empire, where capoeira emerged, an art whose study will allow us, reinforcing and expanding the theoretical perspective of Toby Miller and his companions, to emphasize the incorporation of sport, through the sportivization of the game, in the capitalist societies of the 20th century, as an important element for the intellectual construction of that nationalpopular culture that guarantees the hegemony, in the national space, of a social class that has the capacity to present, internally and externally, its particular interests as the interest of the whole of the people-nation and, with that, negotiating, even, especially in the current moment of globalization, its insertion in the different structures of international power. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article deals with the Inquisition in Brazil and the role of the inquisitors in the procedural modus operandi of the ecclesiastical Tribunal of the Holy Office of Lisbon. The source documents indicate part of what was the Portuguese inquisition in Brazil during the colonization process of the territory. It seeks to understand the rite of the process through the actions of the inquisitors, the highest office in the organisation of the Holy Office of the Portuguese Inquisition. With this objective, it was necessary to approach documental sources such as the regulation, the manual for inquisitors and the cases of those accused of various crimes during the Tribunal of Lisbon. The study was realised based on primary sources and illustrated by a case in the colony of Brazil, among many others, providing details about the diverse cases that were judged in the tribunal of the Holy Office of Lisbon, as the Portuguese colony did have its own court yet installed. It is hoped that this study inspires further investigations into the subject with an eye towards studying the most varied processes of the inquisition in Brazil during the colonial period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Photography had an important role in the elaboration of the colonial experience in the metropolis, once it had been used to record the colonial's own actions in their different areas and affirm their political ideas, fundamentally those that associated Portuguese nationality with a "gift of colonizing the world". In this sense, the article intends to analyze the Civilização magazine edition dedicated to the Portuguese Colonial Exhibition of 1934 to assess how the photographic images presented in it could expand the colonial propaganda messages of the regime at a time of construction of colonialism in the Estado Novo. These visual sources were not limited to that time. When made available online today, they continue to promote colonial experiences in a different way regarding the public's interaction with photography. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article "The Press and the Empire in Portuguese Africa (1842-1974)" by Isadora de Ataíde Fonseca analyzes the role of the press and journalism in the Portuguese colonies in Africa. The author demonstrates how the press contributed to the contestations, dilemmas, collaborations, and associativism in the Portuguese colonies throughout the political regimes in Portugal between 1842 and 1974. The press in the Portuguese colonies had a political profile and was a space for the first literary expressions in colonial spaces. During the Constitutional Monarchy, the Official Bulletin had regularity in Cape Verde, while there is little information about the press in São Tomé and Príncipe and Guinea during this period. During the Republic, there were few changes in Portuguese colonial policies regarding Africa. The article discusses the role of the press in Portuguese Africa during the colonial period, highlighting the different political orientations of the newspapers and their relationship with the current political regimes. The text mentions the creation of associations and leagues in the African colonies, which used the press as a means of claiming rights and political struggle. The author also addresses the instrumentalization of the press by the Estado Novo from the 1940s onwards and the emergence of African leaders who fought for the independence of the colonies. With the Carnation Revolution in 1974, the Portuguese colonies achieved independence and new periodicals emerged to manage the localities. Isadora de Ataíde Fonseca's work is highlighted as an important contribution to the study of the press in colonial Africa. [Extracted from the article]

In this study, we present the formation of the current district of Buenolândia, in the city of Goias/GO, from its historical reference to the socio-spatial and symbolic production of its inhabitants, through the Cultural approach in Geography. The objective of this discussion is based on a historical perspective that addresses the lived experiences of the inhabitants in the district's landscape, their footprints on this territory. A methodology used in this research, in addition to the bibliographic survey, was also carried out with visiting museums, reading collections and notary offices, field work, map making, theoretical elaboration and systematization. The structure of the article is divided into three parts: O Arraial and Sesmarias as the Landmark of Occupation of the Sertões of Minas dos Goyazes, The Parish of Nossa Senhora do Rosário da Barra and the Political-Legal Demarcation conferring the Normative Control of the Portuguese Colony and of the District of Buenolândia. It concludes with the reflection about this geographic space, with its administrative changes that permeate from the Arraial, the Parish to the District, going through its cycle of composite territorial formation and recognized so far. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present research is an attempt to shed light on the importance of the participation of the Ilha de Santa Catarina in the process of primitive accumulation of capital that took place in the center of the european world-economy. There was a focus here on the period between the years 1747 and 1778. To tell this story, the experiences of various social agents were mobilized, such as navigators, local administrators and managers of the portuguese State. Gradually, a wide range of disputes between european colonialist powers for control of the area began to emerge, motivated by its strategic importance to ensure dominance in the Prata river region. However, this domain was not intended to be just military, since it also implied the control of merchant supply routes, as the island's products reached from the villages to the extreme south of the portuguese colonial complex in America and harbors to the north, more specifically, in Bahia and Pernambuco. This when they did not gain space throughout the south Atlantic market, as was the case of the train oil obtained in the island, through whaling, after being sent to the city of Rio de Janeiro. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reflects on the use of Brazilian Cordel literature in the teaching of the Middle Ages based on two cordel booklets by the poet from Paraíba State, Brazil, Leandro Gomes de Barros: Batalha de Oliveiros com Ferrabrás (Battle of Oliveiros with Ferrabrás) and A prisão de Oliveiros e seus companheiros (The prison of Oliveiros and his companions). Although obtained at the beginning of the 20th century, these cordel booklets bring narratives inspired by the myths about Charlemagne and medieval chivalry, emphasizing how the christians fought against the muslim in the Middle Ages. These stories were made in the medieval period, being reworked and recreated over time until arriving in Brazil with Portuguese colonization, being part of the oral tradition mainly in the Northeast of Brazil. In this way, they bear marks of medieval reminiscences. Thus, this paper discusses the myth of Charlemagne and cavalry; the beginning of the "Carolingian cycle" in the Cordel literature; and the possibilities of using Leandro's cordel booklets in the Medieval History teaching. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Minister of Justice, Francisca Van Dunem, spoke at the Intersectional Conference 2020 about incarceration and society. She highlighted the importance of institutions such as CEIS 20, CES, the Institute of Contemporary History, and the Faculty of Letters at the University of Coimbra in organizing the event. Van Dunem discussed intersectionality and the oppression faced by women, especially black women, and emphasized the need to combat all forms of discrimination. She shared her personal experience as a black woman born in Angola during the Portuguese colonial period. The text also addressed the history of colonization and apartheid in South Africa, as well as the racial and linguistic division imposed by the regime. The author mentioned their own experience as a mixed-race person during apartheid and highlighted the physical and symbolic violence suffered by black women during slavery. They also mentioned the strategy of divide and conquer used by colonial powers. The text made a comparison with the colonial reality in Angola, where there were distinct categories for indigenous people and assimilated people based on skin color. The author also mentioned the presence of the black population in Lisbon, which increased due to armed conflicts in the former Portuguese colonies. The text addressed the issue of racial and ethnic discrimination in Portugal, highlighting the persistence of these inequalities and the need to confront them. The author mentioned the existence of a belief system that perpetuates and institutionalizes itself, resulting in societies of enmity. The importance of fair and inclusive policies that consider the heterogeneity of the groups affected by discrimination was also mentioned. The text also presented data on the incarceration rate of foreign women in Portugal, which is higher than the European average. The author concluded by quoting James Baldwin and res [Extracted from the article]

The island of Ataúro, situated north of the capital of Timor-Leste, functioned as a prison island during the Portuguese colonial regime, more intensively from the 1920s onwards. During the Indonesian colonial period (1975-1999), the occupiers used the island to confine families of resistance members in open concentration camps, where hundreds of people died of hunger and malnutrition. In this paper, departing from an analysis of the memories and archival material on the former prisoners in Ataúro during the Indonesian occupation, I argue for the importance of telling and memorialising the histories of the island and people imprisoned there. Furthermore, I discuss memory and the colonial legacies, as some islands in the Pacific region remain territories deemed as repositories and detention sites for people fleeing from far away places marked by conflicts created by dictatorial and colonial regimes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the relationship between colonialism and the contemporary prison system in Portugal, highlighting the high incarceration rates and prison overcrowding in some locations. Although Portuguese law does not allow for the ethnic-racial categorization of the prison population, there is a high representation of black and Roma individuals in prisons compared to the general population. The article is part of a thematic issue of the e-cadernos CES journal, which explores the theme of incarceration and society in spaces marked by colonialism and its legacies. Additionally, the article presents a series of studies on the prison system and incarceration in different contexts, addressing topics such as deportation to an island during Indonesian occupation, war settlement camps in Portuguese colonialism in Guinea-Bissau, sanatoriums for children of leprosy patients in Brazil, gender configurations in prison regimes, drug policies in Portugal and Brazil, narratives of African-American political prisoners, and marginality as a place of resistance. The article also includes a speech by the former Minister of Justice of Portugal on racial issues and the need for fair and inclusive policies. [Extracted from the article]

This article studies the representation of the final years of Portuguese colonization in Lourenço Marques (currently Maputo, capital of Mozambique) in the literary book Caderno de memórias coloniais (2009), by the writer Isabela Figueiredo. It is about analyzing colonial writing from the perspective of two distinct generations: the colonialist father and the progressive daughter. The novel welcomes the promising shuffles of self-writing and paratexts, shedding light on the interfaces between an individual writing and the Portuguese collective memory of a national trauma. In his romanesque tessitura, Figueiredo seeks to escape the dangers of the unique story (ADICHIE) and writes, as Walter Benjamin teaches, a story to be opposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the second half of the 17th century, the Portuguese monarchy, recently restored, faced many difficulties to consolidate itself. In a long process of negotiation, adaptation and centralization, the crown sought to defend and control its colonial space, managing to impose the defense costs of Brazil on the residents of the colony, who also had to contribute to the expenses of the metropolis in Europe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses the construction of regional identities in the colonial society of Portuguese America. Through the analysis of the discursive value of Portuguese-Brazilian chronicles made throughout the 18th century, we seek to outline such a panorama and the plans for integrating Brazil to Portugal in these narratives. Also noteworthy are the local genealogical inventions in the face of the socio-racial miscegenation of this historical formation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aimed to analyze how social relations are reproduced in public spaces in the cities of Cuiabá and Vila Bela da Santíssima Trindade during the colonial period. Using the discussions proposed by HENRI LEFEBVRE (1992) on the recognition of urban space as a social product, the approach of this work is based on the perception that the colonial period was responsible for forging in Mato Grosso a society derived from the historical conditions built by the colonization process Portuguese, whose main objective was to ensure the possession of the land and promote the exploitation of the mineral wealth existing in this territory based on the population established there. We also seek to work with the discussions proposed by CERTEAU (2014) whose importance is present in the approach that it carries out on daily life, pointing out that space is a practiced place. We also use the framework supported by SOBARSO (2006) in which the space is perceived as one that carries values of its sociais formation. Thus, we understand that the reproduction of social relationships occurs in the daily exchanges and in the coexistence between the different categories of people who lived and circulated in the colonial territory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An analysis of the poetic work Sangue Negro (2001) is proposed from discussions on ethics and aesthetics, based on propositions by Schiller (2002), Valcárcel (2005), Fanon (2005), and Walty (2018) to analyze political-ideological pretensions that echo in the plural voice of Noémia de Sousa. This writer is one of the pioneer voices of modern Mozambican poetry, which, in the mid-20th century, echoes resistance: her poems question social structures, repression against women, and, above all, the process of independence and political liberation of this Portuguese colony. In the context of the "new Mozambican poetry", the writer inaugurated her own diction, profoundly influencing her contemporaries. Noémia de Sousa's literary gesture presupposes the collective voice of Mozambique, whose sound echoes in the violent scenario split by colonization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study is to analyze in Vimala Devi's short story Nâttak (1963), inserted in the Hindu cultural landscape of Goa, former Portuguese colony in the Indian Ocean, the illicit relationship of the Zayú dancer with Babú Candolcar and the social and psychological marks in the descendants: Durgá, the admirer of popular theater, and Tukaram, the protagonist of the rasa of love, Gitagovinda, Jayadeva's song-poem (early 13th century), which chronicles the affections of the Krishna deity with the shepperdess Râda. The photograph of the famous dancer, the girl's mother, evokes in the young artist a terrible feeling of interdiction, which will be interpreted, according to the conceptions of Aristotle (peripecia and anagnorise), Sigmund Freud (incest) and Claude Lévi-Strauss (taboo). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 2011, António Lobo Antunes released his 23rd novel: Comissão das lágrimas. In this work, the tense relationship between Portugal and its former colonies opens space for one of the bloodiest episodes in the history of Angola after its independence in 1974: the performance of a special military court that ended up popularly known by the name that gives the title to this novel. This article aims to demonstrate how, in this novel, images, like photographs and their understanding in the construction of trauma, also understood as hyper images, almost always built in a lyrical way, fulfill the role of syntheses or indexes of violence. The use of images meets contemporary demands, related to the discursive conditions of the other, historically silenced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to contribute with the understanding of how the periphery of the Portuguese Empire was occupied during the late XVII and first half of the XVIII century. Taking into account how the Portuguese legal literature ruled lands and the writ of petition, particularly to "persona miserabile", we discuss a case in which indigenous people from the Captaincy of Siará Grande petitioned to the Ultramarine Council to demand the concession of lands over the mountains in the west side of this territory. Examining the documents of the Historical Ultramarine Archive (AHU) and focusing in the arguments of the petitioners and the decision of the Crown, we realize that some indigenous groups were faced as vassals of the Portuguese king and therefore received the title over these lands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay is based on a series of interviews with individuals who participated in the Portuguese Colonial War and seeks to understand how the war experience contributes to the formation of individual and collective identity, as well as to their perception of otherness and the sedimentation of prejudices arising from the colonial ideal. These testimonies were contextualized within the portuguese history, from the time in question until today. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sebastião Coelho (1931-2002) was a radio announcer, independent broadcaster and disc producer, born to colonial settler parents in Nova Lisboa (currently Huambo, Angola) who contributed to the construction of a new sonorous Angolanness. In this paper, Sebastião Coelho's role in this process is discussed. Coelho's new sonorous Angolanness derives from the literary expression of the Angolan anti-colonial movement that emerged in the 1940s. We pro vide an account of how he used sound, radio and the respective corporative structures to oppose the colonial regime at the end of the Portuguese colonial empire hence contributing to build up a new sonorous Angolanness. Methodologically, research included examination of the Portuguese Political Police (PIDE) archives deposited at the Arquivo Nacional da Torre do Tombo, with oral history, provided through in-depth interviews with Sebastião Coelho's relatives, as well as with documents written and published by the radio professional after Angolan's independence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to prompt a reflection on preliminary conditions of analysis of some specificities in the development of Portuguese colonial policies, present in the oldest experience undertaken in Brazil and, more recently, in the last quarter of the twentieth century, in African countries. Numerous modern and contemporary works of fiction have focused, directly or indirectly, on the drift of a colonial mentality within the former Portuguese colonies. The memory of this experience, which implies tense regimes of epistemic cohabitation, has been identified by critics as one of the structuring traits of contemporary times. This article intends to identify the answers that the literary field has tried to offer to the legacy and heritage resulting from this experience, based on theoretical and methodological premises available in the post and de-colonial fields of study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article reflects on the involvement of the Indians in Ceará in the Pernambuco Revolution of 1817. They were summoned by the governor of the captaincy to defend the Portuguese monarch and were treated as "valiant vassals" by those who recruited them and behaved as faithful to the Crown. In situations of war conflict such as this, it is possible to reflect on the indigenous meanings of the status of Lusitanian vassals and the relations they established with non-Indians and governments, their statutes being at stake and, consequently, their working conditions and the preservation of Their lands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present article analyzes the criticism directed at the Portuguese colonists, which appears in the "Sermon of Saint Anthony to the Fish", considering the context in which it was produced, aiming to identify the specificities of the historical and social moment in Maranhão and Grão Pará, which region was circumscribed to the activities of Father Antonio Vieira. The sermon was made in 1654, after Padre Vieira returned to Brazil and before he went back to Portugal again to denounce the fact that the colonists were not obeying the laws of protection to the indigenous people. Based on the sermon, the article takes the position that literature uses aspects and episodes of the world in which it is produced to transfigure them and return them to the reader in the form of fiction, making them aware of the denunciations they carry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A literary criticism of the book "Diálogos das grandezas do Brasil" by Ambrósio Fernandes Brandão is presented. It discusses the religious discourse conveyed in the book and argues that the book presented an unorthodox way to narrate the Lusitanian expansion in the New World. It opines that this discursive transgression is a unique work in all the texts on the Portuguese expansion in America. Topics include Jewish converts to Christianity, or Marranos, and the religious aspects of imperialism.

This paper describes the innovative way in which labour was regulated in Portuguese law in the second half of the 19th century in the context of the European labour movement and colonial agriculture. It focuses on the replacement of slavery by forced labour in Portugal and the overseas territories, and the steps that were taken towards a conception of free labour, outside purely civilist schemas, and the preparations for the construction of a new branch, Labour law. The historical understanding of these phenomena raises some pertinent questions, which can help clarify certain legal concepts such as 'legal subordination', 'obedience', 'management power' and 'disciplinary power'. The new law that was emerging invoked 'new' principles and concepts that require critical reflection, given their contractual configuration and proximity to forms of subjection from the previous law. However, the new regulation, which included and legitimized this subordination, also aimed to limit it and ensure the freedom of those that were contracted to obey. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

What I want to comprehend is how, during Portuguese Estado Novo, colonial cinema "imagined" woman. I lay out in "shot" women representations on the propaganda film Feitiço do Império (Empire's spell, 1940), directed by António Lopes Ribeiro, before I examine, in "reverse shot", the ones presented in forbidden films by the Censorship Commission: Catembe (1965) e Deixem-me ao menos subir as palmeiras... (At least let my climb the palmtrees..., 1972). Finally I will analyse the woman filmic representation when cinema became the "eye of freedom" in militant films such as Sambizanga (1972), directed by Sarah Maldoror. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Departing from Marie-Louise Bastin's research visit to the Dundo Museum in 1956 and the publication of both volumes of Cokwe Decorative Arts (1961), I analyze contemporary recurrences of the context of production of categories of 'African art' and its consumption in Angola as 'national art'. The colonial context in which Cokwe material culture, classified as ethnography, become classified as art, enabled a transition which developed in relationship to a new policy of development of the Dundo Museum. The analysis of this process is critical to understand local and global relationships mediated by the category of African art and its colonial efficacy, as well as it is illuminating of present-day politics, expressed in art terms, in contemporary Angola. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present paper I discuss the assumptions and significance of some of the theses and techniques behind Portuguese colonial land policies in Africa between the mid-1920s and the 1940s, and discuss their role in the Portuguese colonial project. I particularly address the extent to which, both in national and international discussion fora on colonial topics, as well as in official discourse, through the voice of politicians in the metropole as well as colonial administrators and experts, arguments in favour of African access to individual property, for different purposes, gained ground. These arguments went against the dominant perspective in Portuguese colonial thought between the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries which dictated the limited access of Africans to the land for instance in the name of economic development of colonial territories, the fight against land speculation and the safeguarding of Portuguese sovereignty in Africa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a literary criticism of the book "Mundos ibéricos: territórios, gênero e religiosidade," by Armênia Maria de Souza and Renata Cristina de Sousa Nascimento. It is commented that the book has revealed different aspects of the Brazilian colonial past in the last 500 years. It is stated that the book develops interest about Iberian Peninsula characteristics, Portugese colonies and its branching through Asia, Africa and America.

The scholarship on Portuguese colonial ideology has created a metonymical chain that links terms such as Gilberto Freyre, hybridity, Luso-Tropicalism and legitimation of Portuguese colonization. The present article seeks to de-stabilize this metonymical chain, as it analyzes the reception of Freyre's work in Cape Verde. I argue that it was possible for Cape-Verdean intellectuals to imagine an alternative hybridity in Portuguese-Speaking Africa, inspired by Freyre's concept of hybridity, but not similar to Luso-Tropicalist theory. Based on emancipatory interpretations of Freyre's text, Baltasar Lopes and Gabriel Mariano contest views of the public intellectual Gilberto Freyre, thereby engaging in deconstructive practices avant la lettre. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the Amazon region the Portuguese colonizers ate the meat and the fat of sea-cows (Trichechus inunguis and Trichechus manatus) and turtles (Podocmenis expansa). After processing, fat was used to prepare food, street and house light, and to keel boats when mixed with pitch. The large scale consumption of these objects has been extensively documented in the 18th century. Reports by travelers, residents in the regions and Portuguese state servants indicate that constant hunting for these animals may have caused a deep impact on the native populations. Current analysis recovers the story. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Current article present the Round Table called "The history of labor relationships in the Portuguese-speaking world (19th - 21st centuries)" comprising 6 articles which quantify, analyze and investigate labor relationships in Portugal and in Portuguese-speaking countries. The Round Table underscores how work and labor relationships were modified and adapted themselves to social, economical and political evolution in Portugal and in the Portuguese-speaking world during the last two centuries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Current paper analyzes labor relationships in Angola around 1800, foregrounded on a set of statistical population maps produced in the first decades of the 19th century. In spite of the limitations in demographic statistics worked out within the context of 19th century colonial regime, data give a first glimpse on economical activities and labor relationships in Angola. Current article provides statistics for the demographic area and labor relationships from information given by local authorities and not merely on retrospective projections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article I propose to describe some examples of dialectics of repression and resistance between the PIDE and other police authorities in Angola, and an indigenous religious movement, the "Tokoist Church" between the 1950s and 1970s. Firstly, I describe the motivations, fears and expectations of the agents of the pide, contrasted with the reactions of leaders and followers of this church who were subject to the campaigns of "securitization" of the colony. And secondly, I will portrait the legacy of the memory that emerged within this movement in contemporary Angola, in which the experience of colonial repression produced a "history of suffering" that reverberates today through narratives of resilience and the particular reaffirmation of an "Angolanness" that was often marked by reversals and ironies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the last decades of Portuguese colonialism, policies destined to Muslim populations of Guinea and Mozambique turned from hostility to a strategy of seduction, with the aim of promoting a "Portuguese Islam" and using some Islamic groups in the struggle against nationalist African movements. Such a transition included a transnational dimension, as some actors within the Portuguese administration wanted to intervene in a larger strategic space known as the "Islamic world". This article tries to analyze that intervention, focusing on its geopolitical thought and its diplomatic fulfillment, particularly in what concerns the relations with the Arab countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the Portuguese colonial rule, the approach to Mozambican Islam evolved from a stubborn Islamophobia, sometimes with interspersed gestures of understanding, to a program aimed at seducing the Islamic leadership, developed between 1968 and 1974. With such an evolution in mind, this article tries to describe the changes in the policies that framed the Islamic education in Mozambique. Whereas the Islamophobic period thought the Islamic education was de-nationalizing the colonized population, the latter period deemed it a hindrance to the idea of a "Portuguese Islam", an obstacle that some agents planned to overcome by subordinating the Koranic schools to the official education system. The article also analyses the tensions these policies aroused, particularly the hostile reactions of conservative Catholicism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Can an official, centralised body produce architecture with a "regional" approach? The architecture of the Gabinete de Urbanização Colonial (Colonial Planning Office) in the former Portuguese colonies in Africa has been interpreted as a reflection of, and as propaganda for, the Estado Novo regime. In the early sixties, the office's output began to engage with more localised ideas regarding architectural forms. An awareness of "African regionalisms", albeit a tentative one, began to show itself in the reflections of the designers; this was also a result of the training they had received abroad.During this period, one can identify two approaches. The first regards the enormity of the rehousing task (i.e., the provision of housing for all social strata) and the specificities demanded by indigenous communities for an architecture that reflected their traditional lifestyles and methods. Second, in the housing for European settlers, references to traditional Portuguese architecture were incorporated as a way of helping people from the metropole not feel uprooted in the colonies. Thus, in predominantly African communities, internationally progressive design methods respecting local identities were introduced, while in European quarters, nostalgic and artificially re-created metropolitan regionalisms took root in an unfamiliar environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The educational and catechetical activities of the Jesuits in Brazil in the 16th century were characterized among other aspects by a mercantile mentality proper to the period which pushed forward the expansion of the Portuguese Empire in Asia, Africa and America. The mentality may be measured by the counting of the administration of the sacraments to the indigenous people found, extensively and in details, in the Jesuit Letters of the period. The 16th century Jesuits were imbued with a scholastic type of formation, as may be perceived in the educational document Ratio Studiorum, and with practices derived from a mercantile rationality common in the period. The understanding of these basic apparently contradictory themes on the activities of the Jesuits in colonial Brazil is possible if an a posteriori judgment and a conceptual labeling on the Society of Jesus' activities within the context of the 16th century are avoided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]