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This paper analyses the efforts of Salazar regime to "monopolize the legitimate means of people movement" (TORPEY, 2005) by showing that, during the Portuguese New State, the emigration control reached an apex on two circumstances in which the authorities had prohibited the boarding of some migrants who were ready to legally leave the country. The desperate letters written by some Portuguese families, who were forbidden to emigrate to São Paulo´s farms in 1938, and by those subjects prohibited to leave Portugal due to the 1947´s law demonstrate the materiality of boards made of decrees and ministerial dispatches signed by an authoritarian government. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The origins of the monastery located in the town of Cabeceiras de Basto, in the Braga district of Portugal, have been the focus of historiographical debate. At the present time of this paper, there are two thesis in opposition about this question. One says that the origins are between the XI and XII centuries. The second thesis defends that the foundation took place during the VII century. In this paper, we want to present the document sources that are their substantiations, making, also, a critical analysis of the referred sources. Like this, we want to problematize and debate the merits and weaknesses of both thesis, while we leave some clues for future investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper's object of study focuses on six maps produced in Portugal and Catalonia as communication devices of other possible worlds. Assuming the growing importance of digital maps in the network society, we want to contribute to learning more about their role in constructing alternatives to the dominant economy in times of systemic crisis. What lessons emerge from maps that propose deviations from capitalist roadmaps? What understandings do they provide about the maps themselves, ways of mapping, and the hoped-for alternatives? Rather than exploring maps as a product, we seek to contribute to an understanding of the interstitial forces of their pre-production, production, and reproduction. In the light of the theories of the commons, the dynamics of collaborative mapping of diverse economies are explored: diverse in terms of their knowledge policies, modes of governance and participation and, therefore, in how they handle digital technologies. The object of study is defined and united, in its variety, by the ideas of collective and commons. The data comes from direct observation of maps and interviews with stakeholders. The analysis is predominantly qualitative and aims to organise relevant findings and challenges, which can be extrapolated from the observed testimonies, practices and objects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Addressing climate urgency and unpredicted crisis, such as pandemics and wars, requires the acceleration of the sustainable transition and, particularly, the development and implementation of new renewable energy technologies. This acceleration depends on the capacity for mobilizing resources and skills present in the territory. In particular, the transition to a commercial phase poses important challenges that may be met drawing on the capacities developed in the initial experimentation phase, whose effects remain poorly studied. Portugal has a long experience in the development of marine renewable energy technologies - wave energy and floating offshore wind energy. This paper uses a longitudinal analysis, supported on a database of actors involved with the technology, to investigate whether the activities carried out during the initial phase of development permitted to start mobilizing the national industry, and to what extent this mobilization generated sectoral and regional centers of activity that can support future developments. The analysis shows that test and demonstration projects have a role in the mobilization of firms from relevant sectors, even if their ability to attract local companies is still limited. The activities are based on networks of companies distributed throughout the territory, with a predominance of the main metropolitan areas. These results can inform strategies to accelerate technology diffusion and increase the potential for industrial transformation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is centred on the Survey of Portuguese Popular Architecture, organized between 1955 and 1961 by the Portuguese Union of Architects. Based on testimonies and interviews with some architects who conducted the Survey, the paper aims at recovering the memory of the fieldwork on which the Survey was based. The paper is mostly based on the transcription of the interviews. These not only vividly recover the routines, adventures and incidents of the fieldwork, but also provide a very realistic portrait of rural Portugal in the 1950s. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The literature review shows that the touristization of the Portuguese territory (meaning the geographical expansion of tourist places) in the 1930s and 1940s resulted mainly from the policy of expanding the railway network and from the improvements introduced in the road network. What this paper seeks to demonstrate is that the tourist press, through a persistent "propaganda" of cities and towns, mountains and villages, beaches and spas in Portugal, disseminated through an exaggerated rhetoric of exaltation of their touristic values, was a supporting vehicle for this geographical expansion of places. Starting with a review of the specialized magazines that emerged during this period of time, the paper then focuses on the advertising strategies used by the Turismo magazine (1936-1953) to stimulate the progressive expansion of these places, aiming to present them as desirable destinations and thus contributing to the aforementioned touristization of the territory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, memory eruption movements have gained strength because, in addition to a documental and historical function, such records become educational, social, and political instruments of resistance. This article has as its object of analysis the testimonies of workers who were victims of the Brazilian and Portuguese authoritarian regimes, two dictatorships that emerged and developed in different political contexts, but that can give rise to possible approximations between the discourses and narratives of those who lived them. The interviews were carried out by scientific research on the memory of workers' resistance to authoritarian regimes, which is part of the project Direitos Humanos: dos fundamentos teóricos às tendências contemporâneas no nível local (cidades). In addition, were also consulted documental archives of the Centro de Documentação 25 de Abril (CD25A), Museu do Aljube - Resistência e Liberdade and Confederação Geral dos Trabalhadores Portugueses - Intersindical Nacional (CGTP-IN), in Portugal, and Associação de Anistiados e Anistiandos do ABC (AMA-A ABC), in Brazil. The discourses produced by these narratives articulate statements that show that victims attribute different meanings to what they suffered; however, political violence, on the other hand, calls into question meanings already established in these people's imaginations. Finally, this paper also reveals pedagogical places of memory related to workers' resistance to authoritarian regimes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes a literary analysis of Isabela Figueiredo’s auto fictional work Caderno de memórias coloniais (2010) through the perspective of the body’s representation in colonial imaginaries. The study focuses mainly on the ban of eroticism in women’s lives which clearly appears in the first - person narrator’s discourse which distinguishes negatively between the bodies of white women colonizers and black women colonized. As they are similarly oppressed, women who inhabit both of the unfathomable sides of colonization’s historical scissions and of the later emancipated Mozambique/Maputo may be understood as examples of reverberations from McClintock’s term porno-tropics, as well as of the ambiguities from Portugal’s colonization processes. As references there are contributions from hooks (2018), Lorde (2020), McClintock (2010), Santos (2007; 2010), amongst other authors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper addresses the intersections between activism and the academia. Based on an analysis of academic practices and knowledge production, it aims to highlight the hegemonies existing in the academia and the way the power installed in institutions is clearly political, has color and ideology. It analyzes particularly issues related to gender studies, the resistance that exists and the negative reactions to their development that have arisen all over the world. Reflections on the potential of the intersections between activism and the academia are presented, with some examples of initiatives in the field of gender studies in Portugal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper discusses the problematic of the representation of refugee migrants in Europe, Portugal, and in Latin America, Brazil. Focusing on verbal violence on the web, the work analyzes comments from Facebook users, highlighting the ad hominem argument as a strategy to denigrate the image of the refugees, the paper notes two forms of materialization of this argument: personal direct attack and indirect personal attack. The verbal strategies that allow disqualify refugee migrants and represent them negatively. The theoretical framework is a tributary of discourse analysis in dialogue whith rhetoric represented by Amossy (1999, 2014b) among others, complemented by studies on interaction in social networks (Castells, 2013), and verbal violence (Culpeper, 2008; Bousfield, 2008), in particular verbal violence in internet and social networks (Castells, 2013; Rodeghiero, 2012). The discursive-pragmatic analysis was carried out in a corpus of messages on Facebook, collected between July and August 2017, about the migratory crisis in Europe, and collected in August 2018, about the immigration of Venezuelans to Brazi. The study allows us to prove that, in a era when social networks dissiminate and spread, thtough the written word, the freee opinions of those who previously did not have achievement to the public expression of tehir opinion, devaluing and agressive strategies dominate comments on social networks and transmit positions that aim to exclude the migran, considered as disturbing an established order. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper talks about the initial phase in the political career of Cândida Ivete Vargas Tatsch (1927-1984). The studied period starts with the arrival of her grandfather, Viriato Vargas, to Rio de Janeiro in 1940 and ends upon her candidacy as representative in the federal level by the Partido Trabalhista Brasileiro (PTB) for São Paulo in 1950. The aim of this paper is to understand how Ivete Vargas mobilized family resources, her intellectual formation and the abilities she acquired in different places and through different activities, specially her work as a journalist to the newspaper Brasil-Portugal and in the Instituto Nacional de Ciência Política, to build enough capital to make a successful way in into politics. To become representative at age 23, Ivete Vargas combined such resources and previously acquired abilities, social capital built from her grandfather's social network, and an active performance aiming to rise in politics - as well as looking to strengthen her relationship with her great uncle, the former president Getúlio Vargas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The covid-19 pandemic, declared by the World Health Organisation on 11 March 2020, had an immediate impact on the daily life of globalised societies. In the west, the virus has defied democracy and individual freedoms while demonstrating the centrality of the State and Comunicação e Sociedade, vol. 40, 2021, pp. 33-52 https://doi.org/10.17231/comsoc.40(2021).3436 governments in managing the crisis. Communication strategies of governments and health authorities and their ability to influence mainstream media agendas were paramount in the deployment of public health restrictions and guidelines. This paper reflects on the communication strategies used by the Portuguese government during the covid-19 crisis and on their impacts on television coverage. This study was based on an empirical analysis of the first 3 months of the pandemic in Portugal by using a quantitative and qualitative assessment of news content and pre-determined systematised univocal categories. We start by presenting the global and national political, social and communicational frameworks in 2020, followed by a summary of trends and communication strategies of national and international organisations. The results are presented, discussed and interpreted from the point of view of the media coverage and communication strategies used by political and health authorities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The intensive Pombaline anti-Jesuitic propaganda, in the context of the king's decision of officially extinguishing the Society of Jesus in Portugal, on September 3, 1759, made turn the Jesuits into the quintessential de humanizers of human history, enemies of modern States and paganizers of the Church. According to the conspiracy doctrine typical of plot myths, the Jesuits are identified as the main, if not the only, root of all the evils that happened in the Church and in to the contemporary societies. This radically negative perspective creates an actual black myth and contrasts with other readings, some of which are radically different. As such, the Ignatians are also seen as the modernizers of the Church and qualified advisors to Kings and Princes, forerunners of human rights. This paper revisits and critically analyzes the characterization of these contrasting views, which make the Jesuits, both agents of dehumanization and humanization, from the perspective of the history of thought between the Early Modern and Modern periods. It also aims to know, beyond the blurry imagery created by anti- and pro-Jesuitic polemics, if we can consider the Jesuits relevant to a protohistory of human rights in the transition to the Contemporary Modern Period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a comparative study about the male teacher who works in the elementary public education in Rio de Janeiro - Brazil and in Aveiro - Portugal. We intended, fundamentally, to investigate the consequences of teachers' professional choice who are engaged in area typically associated to women, this association is so strong that these teachers looks like a "foreign body" in quotidian of "elementary" public schools. We use the quantitative and qualitative research methodology according to a multimodal and mixed research model that converges such approaches taking advantage of their advantages, questionnaires were applied and narrative interviews were conducted. The research is based on a sample of 209 public school teachers who previously answered a questionnaire (objective and subjective), 60 from the Aveiro District (Portugal) and 149 from the Rio de Janeiro State (Brazil), as well as in interviews with six teachers chosen at random, 3 teachers in Brazil and 3 in Portugal with different age groups. They are men who are at school rethinking the men and women roles in the professions. Because of this they suffer lots of discriminations, one of these discrimination is the homophobia against male teachers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work is the result of a post-doctoral internship which focused on studying the poems from the book O canto e as armas (1967), by Manuel Alegre, mainly addressing irony and parody. At that point, we suspected that the use of such procedures enabled to question myths forging the Portuguese identity. Accordingly, the theoretical framework upon which we base our analyses is provided by Linda Hutcheon in the book Uma teoria da paródia (1985), when dealing with ironic discourse and its correlated resources. In addition, we use the studies carried out by Eduardo Lourenço, on Portuguese identity, in the books Mitologia da saudade (1999) and Nós e a Europa ou as duas razões (1988). In this paper, we analyze the poems "A batalha de Alcácer Quibir" and "As colunas partiam de madrugada". The first one takes up the conflict that marked the death of King D. Sebastião, which meant a new annexation of Portugal by Spain. The second one evokes a battle between Portugal and Angola, in the struggle of the latter for its independence. The presence of the figure of D. Sebastião, as well as other texts of the tradition, creates intertextuality with the historical event, indicating, at the same time, a critical positioning in the face of the transformation of the character into a myth. The use of similar procedures in both texts approximates them and suggests the failure arising from the Portuguese position in both war conflicts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to investigate how academic production in Portuguese has explored the ageism phenomenon. Based on a search in two databases of journals in Portuguese (SPELL and SCIELO Brazil and Portugal), 14 articles were found, in which was analyzed: i) the period of publication, ii) name of the journals, iii) CAPES' area that belongs, iv) Qualis of the jornal, v) the authorship of the articles, and vi) references used. The 14 articles analyzed were published between 2009 and 2019, in 10 different journals, of high impact strata, with emphasis on "Psicologia: Teoria e Pesquisa", "Revista Brasileira de Geriatria e Gerontologia" and "Revista Análise Social" with 2 articles each, and "Revista Análise Psicológica" with 3 articles. The 14 articles are authored by 34 authors, with emphasis on Lucia França with two articles. Of the authors referenced in the articles, there are two groups: Brazilian and American, the first one being authors of psychology, demography and gerontology, and Americans, authors of gerontology, mainly. The article also pointed out which references are most often cited. Conducting a systematic review of the Portuguese literature on ageism, in which it seeks to point out the gaps and characteristics of scientific production on the subject. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the context of Southern Europe, women's rights have been facing historical resistance linked to a legacy of dictatorships, fascism, and Catholicism. Wider processes of modernization have gradually challenged this legacy, causing a significant impact on the mobilization for women's rights. This article explores feminist collective action in Italy and Portugal in the 21st century, including pro-choice struggles connected to abortion in Portugal and the mobilizations against gender-based violence in Italy. In each country dominant themes and repertoires of collective action will be studied, as well as sources of internal conflict that include surrogacy and sex work. In the last section of the paper, we suggest that self-determination is a key concept through which contemporary feminist movements may overcome emerging political and theoretical challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reports on a pedagogical intervention carried out with students of the 4th year of elementary schooling, in Portugal, with two objectives: (1) to develop literary education in childhood, stimulating the taste and interest in reading literary texts of quality; (2) promoting education for values of tolerance and respect for others. The theoretical framework called for the concepts of literary education (AZEVEDO; BALÇA, 2017; AZEVEDO; BALÇA, 2019; MENDOZA, 1999; ROIG, 2009; ROIG, 2012; ROIG, 2013), the concepts of promoting education for values and the methodological assumptions of the Literature-Based Reading Program (YOOP; YOOP, 2006). The results obtained show us that the accomplishment of this pedagogical intervention allowed the students a plurality of experiences, contributing to the construction of knowledge and greater interest in books and reading. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the last decade, crime rates in Portugal decreased by 21%. However, the economic crisis and the increase of socio-territorial disparities have given rise to particular criminal practices and have emphasized the importance of their territorial distribution. While European agendas have been promoting the reduction of territorial inequalities through a greater spatialization of public policies, the geographical dimension of criminality has gained relevance in research. In this sense, literature points towards the need to conceive multivariate and multiscale territorial-based analysis that support public policies. This paper contributes to overcome the lack of reflection on the territorial dimension, by exploring the spatial disparities associated with crime rates in Portugal over the last decade. A multivariate analysis is performed to build integrated profiles that display and characterize vulnerable territories in terms of criminality, thus informing territorial planning of the need for articulated and integrated responses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Identifying in Brazilian and international scientific literature, the mental health repercussions caused by the new coronavirus (COVID 19) in nurses working on the front line of healthcare systems since the pandemic outbreak in Wuhan. Methods: An integrative literature revision was made in April 2020 into the following databases: Virtual Health Library, Brazil (BVS); Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), USA; Scopus, and CINAHL. Results: Nine papers were included in the final sample; they highlighted the scarcity of material resources in the hospitals and the prevalence of higher levels of mental health suffering in the nurses compared to the other professional workers on the frontline. Conclusion: It is evident that the mental health of nurses handling the Covid-19 pandemic is a topic that needs more attention not only from researchers but also from health managers and other authorities in charge of health policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A controversial and difficult discussion topic in the context of generational dialogue in Portugal, the visions of the New State as a political regime continue to be disparate and based on the duality between «good» and «evil». Functioning as a way of transmitting ideology and values, History textbooks play an important role in the way this regime is understood by the new generations. How textbooks contribute to a critical position on this political regime is the central issue of this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Defining a concept well is important to facilitate the transmission of a coherent message that lasts over time. Objectives: To develop a conceptual map of the Mediterranean Diet definition; to evaluate perceptions about the concept and evolution of the Mediterranean Diet of personalities representative of the Mediterranean Diet, Algarve-Portugal. Methodology: Thirteen semi-structured interviews were applied. The audio was recorded, transcribed, thematically coded and the interviewees' indications were listed. The analysis of the concept was carried out based on the hybrid method, in three phases: theoretical, empirical and analytical. Results: Crossing the content of the interviews with the literature, a conceptual map of the definition of the Mediterranean Diet was developed with four axes - food, conviviality, food production, lifestyle - representing a cultural model, impacting on areas such as environment, economy, health and tourism. The interviewees indicated that there is an evolution of the Mediterranean Diet concept, in keeping with the constant technological and research innovation, taking care of the distortion of the concept and its preservation. Conclusions: This paper presents, for the first time, the perceptions of Portuguese professionals on the definition and evolution of the Mediterranean Diet, being the conceptual map an innovative model and a facilitator of the Mediterranean Diet definition communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The difficulties of adapting to the first year of higher education have been the object of reflection in various studies, which generally place emphasis on their transitional and developmental challenges. In the case of students studying outside their countries of origin, in addition to the problems of transition and adaptation to situations of greater autonomy, their integration into a culture with traits different from their own, in a language at a level that is higher than what is required for daily survival, must also be considered. This paper analyses the fact that, in the presence of students from the PALOP, expectations were created, regarding their academic success and interaction with professors, which have only been partially met. This question had to be addressed to find answers as to these students' level of mastery of Portuguese. Through a diagnostic test and a survey applied to a group of students from the PALOP studying for different degrees at Guarda Polytechnic, this study aimed to determine whether Portuguese is their native language and the kinds of linguistic difficulties encountered in their contact with native speakers of Portugal, namely professors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The territory is formed by a set of elements, initiatives and relations that mark the relation society and nature. In this sense, there are several territories, among them the wine-growing territories, whose vineyard and wine are the central points of the territorial articulation. In the territory of Douro Wine, Douro Demarcated Region, northern Portugal, winemaking is part of history, landscape, culture and economy. However, in order to maintain the local development of this territory, collective actions are carried out, focusing on local valorization, strengthening tourism, especially wine, wine innovation and creating new commercial opportunities for local products. Thus, this paper discusses the territory and rural development, specifically addressing the role of associations working in the Douro Territory in search of local development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we intend to observe how the labour legislation of the First Republic was applied in Braga town (north of Portugal), in particular the struggle of the Braga workers to its enforcement, analysing the workers' press as well as the Braga's generalist press. Workers' rights were enshrined in law, but remained on paper, either by lack of supervision, either by pressure from employers' associations. The workers claimed from the Government and the employers the accomplice of their rights, but without great results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to analyze the processes developed in Brazil and Portugal intended to integrate the Primary Health Care and the Specialized Health Care. Primary Health Care conceived of as the first step for accessing to the health system stands out among the most usual initiatives and thus the family doctors are attributed a prevailing role. It is also emphasized the territorialization of the health services based on the geographic location, the referral to specialized doctors and the implementation of clinic protocols agreed between the parties. The main results indicate that in Brazil they implemented decentralized regulatory systems, and, in Portugal they created local health units (structures owned by the health ministry that integrate primary health care and specialized health care provided by the same management team). In conclusion, this work underlines the need to develop a true investment policy intended to strengthen the response capacity in the specialized health care and to add more value to the work performed by the primary care professionals. This way, they will strengthen the collaborative culture that will translate into successful integration processes with results such as good health and user's satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The adoption of social networks to the communicative routines of young people also implies a new form of accessing both news and information about environment problems. This phenomenon affects them as citizens. Through an exploratory survey, this paper (linked to a research project) compares methods and perceptions about the information obtained from networks of future journalists from Brazil, Spain and Portugal. Among the most relevant conclusions, a high use of these tools by Communication students in order to access news is shown, although the degree of skepticism about the veracity of its contents is remarkable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the adhesion of the country to the EEC in 1986, local and regional development policies in Portugal have enabled the improvement of transport infrastructures and the modernization of the productive system across the whole country. Yet interestingly, the National Program of Spatial Planning Policy (2018) aims to consolidate regional polycentrism towards territorial reequilibrium. Therefore, the promotion of new economic, cultural and demographic dynamics appears as fundamental for the sustainable future of low-density territories in the interior of the country. This article explores how the negative economic and demographic regression that have characterized Beira Interior over these past decades is currently being challenged by the promotion of the knowledge and innovation economy in this low density territory in central Portugal. As an example of this, the paper presents some insights in regards to the recent development of the Living Lab Cova da Beira. The article concludes by underlining the need to take advantage of the current context of participatory and collaborative spatial planning and management at a local, regional, national and European level in order to strengthen cooperation between urban centres and the knowledge and innovation activities of the region, in the current socio-economic context of Europe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The implementation of quality management systems in private institutions of social solidarity is a recent reality in Portugal, still with a rather limited practice. In this sense the Portuguese Social Security Institute challenged these organizations as an imperative a quality certification as a form of positive differentiation, launching a remarkable interest in the topic. In this paper, we report the results of a study of the impact of implementing the benchmark EQUASS on quality of life of patients with mental disabilities in a private social solidarity institution, for the period 2012 to 2016. This study was based on the implementation of the Gencat Scale, with the main conclusion being the improvement of the quality of life of these people, especially in personal development and interpersonal relations and rights issues. To make this change requirements inherent to the references were fundamental, mainly the adoption of personal development plans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main aim of this paper is to analyze the efficiency of beef cattle in Portugal, in the Alentejo and Beira Interior and identify their relationship with the characteristics of the farm and its management practices in order to improve their efficiency. The methodology is based on Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) in order to determine the technical efficiency of farms and logarithmic multiple regression to analyze the determinants of efficiency. The results show that beef cattle farms can increase their efficiency if they adopt better management practices, namely, to reduce hiring and unskilled labor, and invest in new investments adjusted to the activity. Strengthening measures of the national and Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) is suggested to promote the qualification of human resources and their management skills and invest in education in the sector with adequate academic degrees on agricultural economics. The conclusions also suggest the reinforcement of public policies in order to increase the innovation at the sector and to promote this beef production systems environmental sustainable in Portugal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims at understanding how different power levels interplayed in a specific region during a time of demographic and economic growth. The construction of royal jurisdiction must be understood as a process of interaction and multiple negotiations, not as a simple system of imposing it over the local powers. In that sense, the royal administrative sources are also a way of edifying memory. The royal sources produce, I shall argue, a certain illusion as it conditions the point of view of who reads or listens to the reading with an implicit triumphal discourse. This article will deal with some royal letters compiled in the in the notary offices of the Monastery of Santa Cruz de Coimbra and Coimbra's Cabido da Sé, which, in turn, will be discussed through discourse analysis. The period covered extends from the king's seizure of Templar goods in Portugal in 1309 until the creation of the Order of Christ in 1319. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Monograms, inscriptions, ornaments and representations of graphic elements were recurring features and constituents of the undergarments of the early twentieth century. This paper aims to present considerations about the visual communication found on this type of artifact between 1900 and 1930. To achieve such, three-dimensional pieces, catalogs and periodicals from the archive of the National Museum of the Costume, in Lisbon - Portugal, were analyzed. In this sense, from the three-dimensional sources, associated with textual and iconographic sources, this study sought to present the multiple forms and uses of visual communication in undergarments, such as types of inscription, location of representations and marks on the pieces, as well as to discuss questions symbolic and historical factors that determine the importance of these characteristics in the configuration of clothing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the methodology used for the development of literary routes within the project TheRoute - Tourism and Heritage Routes including Ambient Intelligence with Visitants' Profile Adaptation and Context Awareness, SAICT - 23447, 2016 (MCTES, Portugal 2020 and FCT) and proposes a reflection on how the use of mobile technologies and apps can influence the tourism experience. The Center for Intercultural Studies (CEI) of the Polytechnic Institute of Porto is responsible for the research, data collection and design of Literary and Cultural Routes, within the scope of this project led by the Polytechnic institute of Porto in partnership with its eight Schools, the Polytechnic Institute of Cávado and Ave and the Douro Azul company. CEI also collaborates in the creation and assessment of digital storytelling about the tourist experiences that these literary routes provide, which will serve to gauge the interactivity of Smart Tech and its relevance for the optimization of literary tourism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper aims to analyse some of the discourses and experiences on educational cinema during the first half of the 20th century in Portugal. The cinepedagogia («cinepedagogy») – as it is named in historical sources – embodies pedagogic activities that benefit from moving images. The use of cinema for education is discoursed since the first decades of the cinematograph, however, it was from the 1920s onwards that the discussion on educational cinema truly developed, and it lasted vividly until the 1950s. Along with a historical contextualisation of this movement in Portugal, the city of Porto was defined as a case study, for instigating the association of cinema and education prematurely and successfully. This research takes advantage of sources that usually aren’t used in the analysis of this phenomenon in Portugal: specialized publications in cinema, such as magazines and newspapers. These sources demonstrate the discussion regarding educational cinema and publicise the concretizations in this field. Therefore, the review of the Portuguese cinematographic magazines, along with bibliographic resources, was fundamental for this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The cultural turn that marked the Humanities and Social Sciences in some European countries in the 1960s and 1970s was only established institutionally in Portugal in the late twentieth century. Yet, that turn had an early echo in certain Portuguese intellectual circles. The aim of this essay is to present the first initiatives and figures that introduced such ideas and guidelines in Portugal. It starts with a brief overview of the emergence of Cultural Studies in France and Great Britain. Then it presents the first initiatives and figures that welcomed in Portugal those research programs in a peripheral political and social context characterized by an authoritarian regime implicated in a colonial war. Finally, the paper highlights the role played by university students, writers, publishers and journals of culture and literature outside of the establishment, which emphasize the importance of margins and alternative environments in processes of cultural and scientific reception. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Understanding institutional change remains a major theme on the agenda of social sciences. Thus, this working paper analyzes, through a comparative perspective, the different institutional transformations of the Portuguese and Spanish intelligence systems after the transifition to democracy and after 9/11. We applied an institutional change model centered on the relationship between ideas and interests, and used process tracing as a technique in order to identify the key drivers and inhibitors that explain the different institutional paths observed in the intelligence systems of both countries after two critical junctures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims at describing some results of a study about intuitive ideas of conditional probability of pupils attending the 9th grade. In the study participated 310 Portuguese pupils of the 9th grade (aged 14 years), who answered a questionnaire with several tasks on conditional probability and independence. In this paper we explore just some of the tasks that involve conditional probability. In general, after studied the responses, justifications, and mistakes made by students, the pupils' resolutions show that they have intuitive ideas about the concept of conditional probability in the context of drawing balls of a bag. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper results from an ethnography among the Hindu dwellers of a neighborhood in the outskirts of Lisbon. As dozens of other informal settlements, Quinta da Vitoria was one of the neighborhoods included in the Special Re-housing Program (PER), and its inhabitants would be resettled in social housing. Comparing with other similar settlements, the PER process at Quinta da Vitoria was too long. In this paper I will describe and analyze the ways by which the Hindu residents responded to this huge social housing policy in Portugal, which was meant to end up with all "shanty towns". The main purpose of this paper is yet to explore James Scott's (1990) conceptualization on subtle resistance and about the hidden transcript, its forms, and development into public forms of resistance. The article is also expected to contribute to the larger debate about social policies in Portugal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the Theories of Nuclear Concepts and Threshold Concepts, this paper aims at presenting the results of the cognitive structure of Portuguese students in years 9 (14-15 year-olds) and 12 (17-18 year-olds), concerning the notion of Probability. After having been taught the subject, 344 students were inquired in a first moment, and 325 in a second one. The Pathfinder Associative Networks (PFNETs) thus obtained led to identify the most relevant concepts in the students' conceptual framework, their respective organization and the possible relationship between the Theories of Nuclear Concepts and Threshold Concepts. The results show that both theories are useful tools to organize the teaching practice and a valuable and effective pedagogical framework, which should be taken into account in the teaching and learning processes of Probability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper three socially relevant topics are discussed: the evolution of migration patterns in Portugal, the social construction of 'the immigrant' and last decade's evolution of the numbers and characteristics of foreign nationals in Portuguese prisons. If there has been an historical tendency to associate immigration and crime, recent research has proved that this is not always accurate and that immigrants can have a positive impact on societies' demography and dynamics (Rosa et al., 2003). In this paper it is argued that, even though there is a strong evidence of the increase in the proportion of foreign nationals in prisons, there is a lack of knowledge about the different scenarios of foreign nationals' criminality, depending on their status (legal versus illegal, residents versus non residents). By providing this discussion we expect to contribute to the deconstruction of the stereotypes that relate foreign nationals to crime. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper has the theoretical purpose based on the rupture with common sense idea that Portuguese New State would be just an authoritarian regime without any relationship with the dominant classes of its age. In this sense, the aim of this paper is to demonstrate the role of this political regime on the reinforcement of the economic position of the dominant classes at the time. Moreover, the New State assumed a project of capitalist modernization along its existence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses the production and re creation of cities' tourist imageries, noting the effects of tourism in Coimbra and Salamanca. The analysis focuses firstly on the ways cities are presented to the external gaze; secondly, on the urban invisibilities created by tourism activities; and thirdly on the circumscribed and selective nature of tourist cities. Drawing on this line of questioning, the paper pertains to the manner cities use and rebuild their images and significations, rendering them active instruments of urban development strategies. Finally, it assesses the value of heritage for tourist promotion and discusses the creation of new tourist images shaped by the rhetoric of the creativity of the urban space [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on a theoretical perspective of communication and organizational culture of authors like Eisenberg (1997), Elkington (1999) and Putnam (2004), this paper aims to analyze the production of organizational communication from its initiatives on organization sustainability. The work starts from theoretical concepts on themes that govern organizational communication and extends to a case study of a group of Portuguese companies in the food business. In this sense, the applied methodology is based on collecting official data with this group of companies, as well as describing and interpreting (1) the means of communication and the strategies chosen to communicate about sustainability with their target audience, (2) the evaluation system adopted by these companies to verify the efficiency of these means, (3) the entrepreneurial vision on the importance of the media communication in the context of sustainability. It intends to verify if these Portuguese companies know how to explore the communicative potential of these means, if they have difficulties in systematically evaluating the efficiency of the communication process and, finally, if there is an awareness of the importance of an integrated organizational communication and the differential of sustainability as a competitive advantage, and consequently as a communication strategy. The objectives of the paper are to join classical and modern concepts of organizational communication and investigate how information on sustainability is used with the stakeholders, especially employees, shareholders and consumers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Context: research and publication, in the international scientific scene, about spirituality and health have been growing since the 90s, particularly in nursing care. Objectives: to identify and analyze Portuguese scientific publications in nursing, bioethics and health journals, from 1990 to July 2010. Method: manual and electronic searches in Portuguese nursing journals, bioethics journal and health journal, a total of 21 titles. Results: the sample was constituted by 17 papers retrieved from 1217 issues searched. Those were: nine concept analysis papers, four research papers, two personal reflection papers and two systematic reviews. The analysis allowed us to categorize spirituality in two dimensions - the human dimension of the healthy or ill person and the caring dimension. Conclusions: scientific publication about spirituality in nursing care, released in Portugal, is represented mostly by reflection papers and theoretical reviews. The quantity of empirical studies is smaller. Besides the development of research in this area, it is important that publication is to be accomplished in national journals in order to achieve effective knowledge dissemination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tuberculosis was amongst the diseases that most afflicted the Portuguese population in the late 19th century and first half of the 20th. Producing thousands of victims annually, given the impotence of medical knowledge and health authorities, the numbers worsened with unhygienic folk practices and customs and increasing urban population and industry. Several physicians rose against the social problem of tuberculosis with the desire to disseminate concepts of hygiene among the population, in actions that gradually took the form of campaigns conducted through national congresses on tuberculosis (1901, 1902, 1904 and 1907). The purpose of this article is not to track in detail the preparation, implementation and acceptance of the congresses of the National League against Tuberculosis, but rather to analyze the content and theme of the papers presented and their evolution, in order to understand the main medical / health concerns, based on the abstracts of such papers published in reputable journals of the time, such as Medicina Contemporânea and Medicina Moderna. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper I try to reflect about the overlapping of the problematics of school-family relationships and the sociological look about it. I try it through a double historical perspective (necessarily synthetical): a) about the emergence of that problematics, and b) about the emergence of its adoption by sociology. I build, further on, a corpus of Portuguese and foreign works, under book format, that include a contribution about that relationship that I consider to be pertinent, most of them of sociological nature. My analysis, in the second half of the paper, focus on the books that assume home-school relations as the object of study and that include, at the same time, a sociological analysis about it, paying special attention to the Portuguese literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper addresses the complex relation between domestic violence and justice. It draws on the analysis of the socially built myths about family and of how they became an obstacle to the intervention of the legal and judicial systems. The paper also provides some analysis about the concept of «syndrome», highlighting its uses in the legal system and describing how the legal system has developed responses to domestic violence in Portugal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper studies the republican rebellion of January 31st 1891, searching for both an explanation for the coup's failure and eventual effects it had on the republican movement in the period from 1891 to 1910. Attention is given to the circumstances surrounding the event, the reasons for choosing the city of Porto for its stage, the role of sergeants in the coup, the lack of support by the Partido Republicano Português (Portuguese Republican Party) and the repression of the coup. The paper also studies some of the reactions available in the newspapers of the period and some response texts published by institutions like the Porto City Hall (Câmara Municipal do Porto) or the Parliament - House of Commons (Câmara dos Deputados e Câmara dos Pares). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

REGIONAL INNOVATION PROPENSITY IN PORTUGAL: AN ANALYSIS BASED ON PATENT DATA. This paper analyses the regional distribution of patents in Portugal in the period 1980-2008 using information that was recently made available. Lisbon leads the national ranking by far. However, towards the end of the period under analysis, a few regions around Oporto have increased their share in the total number of patents. This has taken place alongside an increase in the total number of patent applications from 2000 onwards, after two decades in which that number remained basically stagnant in Portugal. The main protagonists of this recent increase have been universities and other academic institutions. The paper concludes by stressing that the lack of growth in patent applications by the business sector is a cause for concern, given the gap that still separates Portugal from the countries that top the international patent rankings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is based upon the hypothesis that we are always between languages-cultures, even when we speak only one language. It aims at studying intercultural relations and the effects of strangeness, in narratives of some Brazilians, participating in this research, about their experiences in Portugal. For this paper, four narratives have been recorded and transcribed. The theoretical perspective is situated in the space – in conflict and tense – between discourse theories, Lacanian psychoanalysis and derridean deconstruction. From the analysis it is possible to notice that the supposed mother tongue is also a foreign language, strange in its familiarity, provoking suffering and enjoyment at the same time. Reflecting about this seems very important to understand oneself and the other, language and culture, responsible for our subjectivity and, therefore, our identity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]