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Introduction: The pandemic of COVID-19 has generated an intense interest for research in social inequalities in health. Their existence, apart from the negative consequences that create for the function of the welfare state, causes variations in the health care provided. Impacts are therefore being made in the areas of social protection, although efforts are being made to implement relief measures by the government. Purpose: This literature review deals with the existence and deterioration of health inequalities in combination with their impact on social protection and the newly established recovery measures in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic. Material-Method: From the analysis of the individual topics, a review was carried out from electronic databases of Pubmed, Elsevier, Lancet, as well as from books, websites and electronic journals through the free access provided by the internal network of the university. The keywords used in the search in Greek and English database were: health inequalities, factors affecting inequalities, deterioration of health inequalities, effects on social protection, social protection measures. Results: Health inequalities have a dual character that affects both the level of health and health care. There are a variety of factors from biological, social to health system factors that seem to affect them. In addition, there is a deterioration of existing health inequalities as well as negative effects in various areas of social protection. However, several supportive measures have been put in place in the areas of unemployment protection, sickness protection, income protection, housing and welfare. Conclusions: There was a deterioration of health inequalities and dysfunction of social protection. Nevertheless, the completion of the legislative framework of support in the fields of social protection was considered necessary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: In recent decades, ERAS (Enhanced Recovery After Surgery) protocols have been developed and implemented, aiming at the safe and rapid recovery of women with gynecological cancer after a surgical procedure, as well as reducing the length of stay (LOS) at the hospital. Aim: To compare the effectiveness of the ERAS protocol and the conventional recovery method, in the postoperative course of patients undergoing major oncological gynecological operations due to cancer of the internal genital organs. Methods: This is a prospective randomized single-center study of 100 women with cancer of the internal genital organs undergoing a major gynecological oncological operation, at a tertiary Oncology center in Athens. Patients are randomized into two equal groups: A following the ERAS protocol and B following conventional postoperative care. Parameters to be compared include LOS in hospital, time to initiation of feeding and mobilization as well as assessment of postoperative pain as reported by patients on Numerical Pain Scales (NPS). Results: According to the results of the pilot study where the sample consisted of 61 patients (35 in group A and 26 in group B) with a mean age of 52.9 years (SD=11.7) it appeared that the hospital stay was significantly longer in the group B compared to group A (5.1±2.4 days vs. 3.1±1.3 days, p=0.001). Pain levels according to NPS were higher in group B at all time points except baseline. There are studies that highlight the contribution of ERAS programs to the reduction of LOS, the effective management of post-op pain, as well as the rapid feeding and mobilization of patients undergoing major gynecological oncological operation. Conclusion: ERAS protocols promote timely feeding and mobilization, offer more effective post-op analgesia, improve the experiential post-op experience of patients, therefore increase their satisfaction, reduce LOS and hospitalization costs. Future studies, well conducted, may increase the certainty of these findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Patients treated in intensive care units, they can show long term damage both physical and cognitive and psychiatric. The situation which can occur after entry of the patient into the ICU, but also to continue after his discharge and may include any physical, cognitive and/or psychological impairment defined as Post Intensive Care Syndrome (PICS). Aim: The aim of the present bibliographic analysis was to investigate the theoretical and clinical aspects of the Post-ICU Syndrome (PICS) in modern literature. Methodology: A study of contemporary literature was conducted, including articles and published research studies of the last two years (2020-2022) in the English language, on international scientific databases (PubMed, ScienceDirect, Medscape, WHO, NHS). Results: The complications that can occur during the syndrome after the ICUs can be classified into physical, psychiatric/psychological and cognitive, while there can often be an overlap between them complications between these categories. Significant complication in its context PICS is the delirium that is observed in significant percentages of those hospitalized in the ICU. PICS beyond the patient itself affects and his close people, a situation called family -- PICS (fPICS). THE The treatment of PICS is multifactorial and can be simplified with use of ABDCEF -- bundle. Conclusions: PICS is a clinical entity with importance in the quality of life and functionality of patients and their families. Once PICS is recognized, recovery, management and follow-up of the patient should be carried out by a specialist interdisciplinary team. Further studies are needed on the pathophysiological mechanisms, genetic factors and screening. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]