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Background: The prevention of Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infections (CLABSIs) can be achieved through systematic surveillance and intervention through the implementation of care bundles. An integral component of the care bundles is the central line insertion and maintenance checklists. Aim: The aim of this literature review was to investigate the compliance rate of the nursing staff with the central line insertion and maintenance care checklists as well as the factors affecting it. Material and Methods: Search was performed on PubMed (April 05, 2021) with the keywords: "nurse*", "nursing staff", "compliance", "central line insertion checklist" and "central line maintenance checklist", without time limit for the publication of scientific papers. Keywords were searched in the title and abstract of the studies. Studies were excluded if they were not published in the English language, were conducted on animals, and were case studies, editorials, and letters to the editor. Results: Of the scientific papers retrieved, 5 were included in the systematic review. The compliance rate of nursing staff with central line insertion and maintenance checklists ranged from 8.4% to 74.3% and from 11.4% to 77.3%, respectively. Regarding the factors affecting the compliance of nursing staff with both types of checklists, these were the nurse-to-patient ratio and the number of beds of nursing wards. Conclusions: Compliance rates with the central line insertion and maintenance checklists are moderate and low. Interventions are required that will increase compliance rates leading to lower CLABSI rates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP) is one of the most common hospital-acquired infections, related with increased morbidity indicators. The implementation of care bundles can significantly reduce the incidence of VAP leading to higher quality of care provided. Aim: The investigation of the compliance rate of nursing staff with VAP prevention bundle. Methods: Search was performed on PubMed (April 06,2021) with the keywords: "nurse*", "nursing staff", "compliance", "ventilator-associated pneumonia" and "VAP", without time limit for the publication of scientific papers. Keywords were searched in the title and abstract of the studies. Studies were excluded if they were not published in English language, were conducted on animals and were case studies, editorials and letters to the editor. Results: Of the scientific papers retrieved, 6 were included in the systematic review. In the majority of studies, the following care bundle for VAP prevention was implemented: 1) elevation of the head of the bed to 30°-45°, 2) performance of spontaneous breathing trials with sedatives turned off, 3) stress ulcer prophylaxis, 4) thromboembolism prophylaxis and 5) regular oral care with chlorhexidine. The compliance rate of nursing staff with VAP prevention bundle ranged from 5% to 87%. Conclusions: There is a great variability in compliance rate of nursing staff with the VAP prevention bundle. Low compliance with VAP prevention bundles can lead to increased healthcare costs and low quality of healthcare. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global health and societal emergency respiratory disease that is caused by SARS-CoV-2. A poor understanding of the disease among Healthcare Workers (HCWs) can result in delayed identification and treatment leading to rapid spread of infections. Aim: The investigation of the knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) of HCWs toward COVID-19. Material and Methods: Search was performed on PubMed for studies published from January 1, 2020 to June 30, 2020 with the key-words: "knowledge", "attitude», "practice", "COVID19", "healthcare workers" and "HCW", which were searched in the title and abstract of the studies. Studies were excluded if they were not published in English language, were conducted on animals and were case studies, editorials, and letters to the editor. Results: Of the scientific papers retrieved, 5 were included in the systematic review. Regarding the rate of knowledge of HCWs toward COVID-19, it ranged from 62.6 % to 89%. The rate of HCWs that had good practices and positive attitudes toward COVID-19 ranged from 74% to 89.7% and from 21% to 88.5%, respectively. The factors that positively affected (increase the rate) in statistically significant level the knowledge, attitudes and practices were the age of 40 years old and more, the higher level of education (possession of Master of Science Degree and/or Doctor of Philosophy), the medical profession and the more years of experience. Conclusions: Continuing professional education is advised among HCWs to improve knowledge of HCWs hence averting negative attitudes and promoting positive preventive and therapeutic practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]