The Colombian government presented to Congress, the National Development Plan (PND) 2018-2022 "Pact for Colombia, Pact for Equity," which was approved by Law 1955 of 2019. The reflections and proposals included in this paper refer to the main components of the PND, the reforms proposed, the Multi-Annual Program of Investments that accompanies it, as well as to its apparent omissions. The paper does not intend to cover all the topics in the PND. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
It is an accepted idea that poverty is much more than low incomes. Consequently, the multidimensional approach has become an alternative way to understand that question. The aim of this paper is to propose an alternative estimation of multidimensional poverty in Colombia. The methodology uses unconventional dimensions, continuous and pseudo-continuous variables; it will estimate dimensional gaps and apply Bourguignon and Chakravarty's methodology. Although, there has been a noticeable reduction of headcount poverty, the multidimensional poverty gap and its severity have not shown the same trend. In addition, there are huge regional differences, and dimensions with high deprivation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
*CENTRAL banking industry, *LAW & economics, *AUTONOMY (Economics), *GOVERNMENT regulation, *DIFFERENCES, COLOMBIA. National Television Commission
Abstract
The paper analyzes the divergence in the evolution of two institutions of economic regulation: The Central Bank and the National Television Commission. These entities arose from the same constituent process, and were inspired by the same objective; however, they have had an opposite trajectory. While the Central Bank managed to flourish within the Colombian institutional landscape, the National Television Commission was unable to consolidate and was finally suppressed. We conclude that this difference is explained by two main reasons: on the one hand, different legal design and on the other, the institutional effectiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]