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Modern decision support and assistance systems use distributed data sources from private and public providers through specialised web services in order to enhance the provision of information. POHL et al. (2021) present a web service-dominated procedure for the generation of site-specific pesticide application maps by bringing together all required data via web services and other interfaces in the application map service. This paper presents the central services that make it possible to provide site-specific ecological and economic key data and basic information in crop protection. We show how this web service contributes to an automated determination of distance requirements in real time, and discuss the limits of this approach and system. In accordance with the Amendment of the E-Government Act (EGovG) and the introduction of the Act for the Use of Public Sector Data (DNG), the technical documentation of all the REST-compliant programming interfaces have been implemented in accordance with the OpenAPI standard. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In long-term field trials at the Dahnsdorf (Fläming) site, investigations have been carried out since 1995 to estimate the necessary level of insecticide application in winter oil seed rape (WOSR) and to develop sustainable insecticide strategies. Within the scope of the trial "Comparison of strategies - environmentally sound crop protection", two different insecticide strategies were compared in WOSR in three trial phases, each of which differed in intensity. The aim of this paper was to compare and discuss these insecticide intensities and their yield and environmental effects against the background of the annual infestation pressure. The evaluation showed that in 21 of 22 trial years considered, insecticide measures were necessary in WOSR, the intensity of which fluctuated considerably due to weather conditions and infestation pressure. It could be shown that a reduction of treatment intensity by 50% to 60% did result in significant yield losses only during the first trial phase. The comparison of the environmental impacts, calculated with the risk indicator model SYNOPS-GIS, showed that the reduction in treatment intensity was accompanied by a reduction in environmental risk over many years. However, individual cases showed that this was not always true and that the choice of agent or active ingredient was also of decisive importance. The results underline the importance of using available decision support tools in crop protection such as infestation controls, warning service, forecasting models and success monitoring to reduce the use of insecticides in WOSR to the necessary need. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to develop concepts for integrated plant protection, a field trial of the Julius Kühn-Institute was set up in Dahnsdorf (Brandenburg) in 1995 and various long-term field trials were carried out. Within the framework of the largest and oldest on-site long-term field trial "Comparison of Strategies for Environmentally Friendly Plant Protection", this paper examines the effects of a 50% reduction strategy in phase 1 (1997 to 2007) and a consistent implementation of integrated plant protection (IPS) in phase 2 (2008 to 2013) and modified in phase 3 (2014 to 2019) compared to a practical strategy (GfP), with regard to situation-specific plant protection against fungal pathogens in winter wheat. While in the first two phases of the trial (1997 to 2013) identical varieties were grown in the strategies, in phase 3 an extension was made to include the variety component. The most frequently occurring diseases were leaf blotch (Zymoseptoria tritici, Septoria nodorum), leaf rust (Puccinia triticina) and yellow rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici), which occurred with very different intensity over the years depending on weather and disease pressure. The fungicide treatment frequency index, as a measure of the intensity of plant protection, showed a value of 0.8 (situation-related plant protection product application (100%) and 0.4 (50% of situation-related application) in phase 1 on average over the years. This was a significant difference between the strategies to be tested, which was due to the strict reduction of plant protection product applications by 50%. The change of the trial in phase 2 and 3 resulted in a fungicide treatment frequency index of 1.2 and 1.1 in the IPS strategy and 1.7 and 1.9 in the GfP strategy, which proved to be not significantly different. When comparing the yields, there was a significant difference between the strategies in only two (2001, 2006) of the 23 years. Also in comparison with the untreated controls, a significant difference was evident in only four years in the GfP strategy, and in only one year in the IPS strategy. Fungicide applications would often not have been necessary retrospectively. In line with the yields and fungicide treatment frequency indices, the net profit averaged over the six years of phase 3 was also not significantly different. Thus, the differentiation of the GfP and IPS strategies was not sufficient to show a clear difference between them so far, which is ultimately due to the already low fungicide treatment frequency indices in the GfP strategy, which were below those of regional practice in all phases, and to the effective resistances of the selected varieties. Despite the frequent exceeding of the control thresholds and the resulting fungicide applications, the disease progress was often moderate to low. Clear yield differences are only evident in years with high disease pressure and favourable weather conditions for infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At the end of 2019, the Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture (BMEL) presented a discussion paper on the Arable Farming Strategy. The Julius Kühn-Institut (JKI) was intensively involved in the preparatory work and supported the BMEL in developing the arable farming strategy. It describes six guidelines that define the framework for sustainable arable farming. In a total of 12 fields of action, challenges and conflicting objectives are named and corresponding objectives and measures are identified. Some of the contents of the arable farming strategy are presented below. It is also shown how departmental research - and the JKI in particular - is already actively supporting the implementation of the arable farming strategy today as well as in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]