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• An active recursive inference method based on Rényi information measures. • Posterior probability changes can enhance both query optimization and stopping criterion in the RBI process. • Using Rényi entropy and α -divergence unifies the multi-objective RBI problem. • The proposed unified framework enhances both speed and accuracy, in the presence of an adversarial prior. Recursive Bayesian inference (RBI) framework provides optimal Bayesian latent variable estimates in real-time settings with streaming noisy observations. Active RBI attempts to effectively select queries that lead to more informative observations to reduce uncertainty until the process is stopped at a certain confidence level. However, the mismatch between querying objective and stopping criterion creates the conundrum of improving the performance of one objective at the expense of deteriorating the other. Moreover, conventional active querying methods stagger in the presence of misleading prior information. Inspired by information theoretic approaches, we propose an active RBI framework where query and stopping criterion are jointly selected through a unified objective based on Rényi information measures. The proposed unified formulation enables us to jointly enhance speed and accuracy in the RBI process. We theoretically demonstrate that the proposed objective encourages exploration in the presence of misleading prior. Furthermore, we motivate our framework by proving a geometrical representation for active querying and decision making on a probability simplex. We provide empirical and experimental studies on two applications including restaurant recommendation and brain-computer interface (BCI) typing systems and demonstrate that our method outperforms comparable approaches by improving both speed and accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present study, the effect of alloying AZ91 magnesium alloy with 0.4 wt.% silver as well as chilled casting on the corrosion response of different casting conditions was investigated. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), x-ray diffraction (XRD), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) tests were carried out to analyze the effect of silver and chilled solidification on the corrosion performance of AZ91 alloy. The silver-containing samples showed better corrosion resistance, mainly due to its effect on the microstructure modification of the alloy by altering the morphology of the β-Mg17Al12 phase. As a result, corrosion current density of silver-containing samples was lower than the original AZ91 Mg alloy down to 4 times. The corrosion rate of to the AZ91 alloy with 0.4 wt.% silver and pouring temperature of 750 °C was 0.256 mm.y-1. More uniform microstructure of the β phase due to the addition of silver could facilitate the uniform growth of corrosion products, which led to the lower corrosion rate of the AZ91 alloy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, dependence of the surface and lattice defects of Fe-doped TiO2 at different iron concentrations and annealing temperatures was monitored by utilizing the photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. To achieve the maximum spectral resolution, PL spectroscopy was performed in vacuum and at different temperature of 25–300 K. It has been found that the photoluminescene properties were significantly influenced by different crystalline structure. The PL spectrum of the rutile 1% and 5% Fe:TiO2 anatase show similar PL behavior while the emission intensity of the rutile sample was lower than the anatase. This result, which can be explained by the presence of iron ions at the surface for the anatase and the increased oxygen vacancies due to the diffusion of iron into the lattice in rutile, as a result of annealing at high temperature proposes the rutile phase for the applications of environmental photocatalysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Ammonium bifluoride could dope in the polyethylene glycol (PEG) structure by a chemical reaction. • Ammonium bifluoride doped with PEG in Ppy coating could improve the corrosion properties of AZ31 Mg alloy. • Ppy coating modified by PEG doped ammonium bifluoride could act as a smart inhibited system. • Fluoride released from this system in the response to corrosion damage. In this study, polypyrrole (Ppy) coatings embedded by polyethylene glycol (PEG) doped ammonium bifluoride (doped Ppy) was deposited on the AZ31 Mg alloy using cyclic voltammetry. Fluoride-nuclear magnetic resonance (F-NMR), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) results showed that the doping of fluoride in the polyethylene glycol molecule was implemented. Corrosion performance of the doped Ppy coatings was assessed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic polarization techniques in 0.05 M NaCl solution. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS) showed that doped Ppy coatings possessed higher corrosion resistance than that of Ppy coating. Charge transfer resistance of doped Ppy coating measured about 2 and 5 times higher than un-doped Ppy and Ppy coatings, respectively which were associated to the synergistic behavior of fluoride with polyethylene glycol as well as its release to the anodic zones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Density functional theory, as implemented in SIESTA code, was utilized in this study to investigate the structural, electronic and stability properties of bare and hydrogenated small nanoclusters of diamond. The results obtained by studying different nanoparticles of diamond composed of 19, 50, and 104 carbon atoms, revealed that while the gap energy of hydrogenated nanodiamonds reduced from 8.2 to 6.5 eV by increasing the size of nanoparticles (number of carbon atoms), the bare nanodiamonds showed almost no gap energy except C19 sample which has the highest occupied molecular orbital-lowest unoccupied molecular orbital of about 0.33 eV. Electron affinity of hydrogenated samples was calculated and it was found that hydrogenated nanodiamond exhibits negative electron affinity. The quantum confinement effect found to be still significant for the sample larger than 1 nm i.e. the largest hydrogenated sample of C104H90 with a diameter of about 1.2 nm which showed greater gap energy in comparison to the bulk diamond. This achievement was explained considering electron affinity and partial density of states analysis. The calculated formation energy of the nanoparticles confirmed that the small hydrogenated nanoclusters of diamond have more stability compared to the bare nanodiamonds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High optical transparency, thermal and thermodynamic stabilities, low dielectric constant and refractive index of MgO are promising for different applications of this material. In this work the electronic and optical properties of MgO (111) nanosheet under compressive and tensile strain were investigated by density functional theory (DFT). The results showed that the band gap of MgO nanosheet decreased from 3.45 to 2.16 eV when tensile strain of s = 15% was applied on the lattice parameter of MgO and increased to 4.05 eV by means of compressive strain of s=-15%. The optical parameters such as real and imaginary part of dielectric function, reflectivity, refraction, extinction coefficient and energy loss and their alterations under applied strain were studied. Position of plasmon peak was changed in linear pattern as a function of applied strain from s=−15% to 15%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Graphical abstract Highlights • Mesoporous silica acted as the host of sulfamethazine as inhibitor. • Corrosion inhibitor released from nanocontainer in response to corrosion damage. • Corrosion resistance of coatings with MSInh was improved due to inhibitor release. • Sulfamethazine could link to d-orbital of iron and raise the corrosion resistance. Abstract In this study, mesoporous silica served as the host for an eco-friendly corrosion inhibitor. This material could adsorb and release corrosion inhibitor in different aqueous media. A composite coating was prepared by embedding 1 wt. % mesoporous silica loaded with sulfamethazine (MSInh) as the corrosion inhibitor into the epoxy film to protect mild steel as substrate. Anti-corrosion properties of the solution containing MSInh and corrosion protection function of composite coating were assessed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Results showed the higher corrosion protection of epoxy/mesoporous silica loaded with inhibitor (MSInh) in NaCl solution for one month of immersion in comparison with epoxy/mesoporous silica and epoxy coatings. Charge transfer resistance of epoxy, epoxy/MS, and epoxy/MSInh after 30 days of immersion estimated 6, 15, and 80 kΩ cm2, respectively. The results revealed the higher corrosion resistance of epoxy/MSInh which confirmed the barrier effect of mesoporous silica against corrosive species and corrosion inhibiting effect of the released sulfamethazine molecules. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Increase in antibiotics applications in animal industry leads to an environmental risk due to remaining of these compounds and their derivatives in animal production, wastewaters and soils. This study investigates the sensitivity of nanodiamond to sarafloxacin to detect a widely used antibiotic in poultry industry. The interaction between hydrogen terminated nanodiamond and sarafloxacin was studied for four different configurations of the conjugated system by density functional theory and then, adsorption energy and HOMO-LUMO gap energy of the conjugated systems were calculated. The results revealed that the sarafloxacin can be physically adsorbed on hydrogen terminated nanodiamond. The physical adsorption through the weak to medium non-covalent strength interactions has received the most attention in sensing applications; therefore, nanodiamond can be a possible candidate for nanobiosensor investigations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Graphical abstract Highlights • Mesoporous silica (MS) acted as the host of molybdate ion (corrosion inhibitor). • Corrosion inhibitor released from nanocontainer in response to corrosion damage. • Corrosion resistance of coatings with MSInh was improved due to inhibitor release. Abstract In this study, mesoporous silica nanocontainers (MS) were successfully synthesized, functionalized and loaded with sodium molybdate as a corrosion inhibitor (MSInh). The epoxy composite coatings were applied on the mild steel substrates by embedding 1 wt. % mesoporous silica with (E/MSInh) or without (E/MS) inhibitor. Characterization of the synthesized mesoporous silica loaded with molybdate demonstrated the pH-dependence of molybdate release from E/MSInh. According to the results, by increasing the pH from 1 to 14, a 160 times increase in the molybdate concentration in the solution was observed. The corrosion behavior of the composite coatings was assessed by the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and the electrochemical noise analysis. Charge transfer resistance decreased from 4 × 107 to 3.1 × 104 Ω cm2 and from 2.2 × 106 to 2 × 103 Ω cm2 for E/MSInh and E/MS during the immersion time, respectively. The results revealed the higher corrosion resistance of E/MSInh during 56 days of immersion in 3.5 wt. % NaCl solutions in comparison to E/MS which confirms the proper corrosion inhibiting effect of the released molybdate ions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work Fe doped TiO 2 nanoparticles were synthesized at different Fe/Ti molar ratio from 1% to 5% by sol-gel technique. The post annealing of the samples was carried out at T=400, 600, and 800 °C. HRTEM of the samples revealed that the mean size of the nanoparticles increases from about 8 nm to about 100 nm as the annealing temperature increased. SQUID magnetometry of 1% and 5% Fe doped TiO 2 has shown mixed ferromagnetic and paramagnetic phases within the crystal while ferromagnetic order with T c about 350 K was only observed in 5% Fe:TiO 2 sample annealed at T=800 °C. The oxygen vacancy mediated ferromagnetic (FM) interaction could be responsible for the observed FM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, mesoporous silica served as a host for corrosion inhibitor. This material could adsorb and release corrosion inhibitor in different aqueous media. However, the extent of corrosion inhibitor release in the alkaline media was higher. By dispersing 1 wt% mesoporous silica loaded with sodium molybdate in the epoxy layer, a protective composite coating was produced. The corrosion properties of the composite coatings were assessed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Results showed higher corrosion resistance of epoxy/mesoporous silica loaded with inhibitor in the NaCl media for eight weeks of immersion in comparison with epoxy/mesoporous silica. Corrosion inhibitors released from nano-containers in the response to corrosion damage at the interface zone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: The study presents length‐weight relationships (LWRs) and length‐lenght relationships (LLRs) for two freshwater fish species from the Cheshmeh‐Langan River (Iran; 32°50′N, 50°04′E), a part of the Tigris drainage basin. Fish were sampled by electrofishing (Samus 725M) in August and September 2017. The LWRs and LLRs obtained showed a high level of correlation (r2 > .98). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A protective coating was produced by dispersing mesoporous silica nanocontainers, loaded with sodium molybdate, as corrosion inhibitor, in an epoxy layer. The corrosion properties of the composite coatings were assessed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Results showed remarkable corrosion resistance of epoxy/mesoporous silica loaded with corrosion inhibitor (epoxy/MSInh) and self-healing ability of coating in the chloride medium during eight weeks of immersion. Epoxy/MSInh had the greatest R ct values for all immersion times, which could be attributed to the release of molybdate ion from the nanocontainers as well as barrier resistance of these inorganic mesoporous silica particles. This value at the first day of immersion in the chloride medium was 318.4 kΩ cm 2 , while it was 71.3 and 23.5 kΩ cm 2 for epoxy and epoxy/mesoporous silica (epoxy/MS), respectively. R ct for epoxy, epoxy/MS, and epoxy/MSInh after the last day of immersion (56 day) was determined as 10.1, 15.9, and 24.4 kΩ cm 2 , respectively. Corrosion inhibitors were released from nanocontainers in response to corrosion damage in the scratched zone. Besides, the analytical investigation showed the oxidation state of Mo was (Mo (VI)), which could be attributed to the formation of Fe 2 (MoO 4 ) 3 or molybdenum oxides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1) is considered as a tumor suppressor protein in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Previously, we have shown that SOCS1-deficient hepatocytes displayed increased responsiveness to hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) due to enhanced signaling via the MET receptor tyrosine kinase. As aberrant MET activation occurs in many tumors including HCC, here we elucidated the mechanisms of SOCS1-mediated regulation. SOCS1 attenuated HGF-induced proliferation of human and mouse HCC cell lines and their growth as tumors in NOD.scid.gamma mice. Tumors formed by SOCS1 expressing HCC cells showed significantly reduced MET expression, indicating that SOCS1 not only attenuates MET signaling but also regulates MET expression. Mechanistically, SOCS1 interacted with MET via the Src homology 2 domain and this interaction was promoted by MET tyrosine kinase activity. The SOCS1-mediated reduction in MET expression does not require the juxtamembrane Y1003 residue implicated in Cbl-mediated downmodulation. Moreover, the proteasome inhibitor MG-132, but not the inhibitors of lysosomal degradation bafilomycin and chloroquine, reversed the SOCS1-mediated reduction in MET expression, indicating that this process is distinct from Cbl-mediated downmodulation. Accordingly, SOCS1 promoted polyubiquitination of MET via K48-dependent but not K63-mediated ubiquitin chain elongation. Furthermore, siRNA-mediated downmodulation of Cbl did not abolish SOCS1-mediated reduction in MET expression in HCC cells. SOCS1-dependent ubiquitination of endogenous MET receptor occurred rapidly following HGF stimulation in HCC cells, leading to proteasomal degradation of phosphorylated MET receptor. These findings indicate that SOCS1 mediates its tumor suppressor functions, at least partly, by binding to MET and interfering with downstream signaling pathways as well as by promoting the turnover of the activated MET receptor. We propose that loss of this control mechanism due to epigenetic repression of SOCS1 could contribute to oncogenic MET signaling in HCC and other cancers, and that MET inhibitors might be useful in treating these patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present study, mesoporous silica nanocontainer powders with and without inhibitor (fluoride) were dispersed in the Alkyd coatings to improve corrosion resistance of Mg metal. Then, the corrosion behavior of these coatings was studied in comparison with Mg in 2 g dm −3 NaCl solution. Electrochemical tests showed that these coatings could protect the surface from chloride attack. Moreover, release of fluoride from mesoporous silica nanocontainers leads to the formation of MgF 2 as an inhibitive compound at the interface. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights: [•] Mesoporous silica (MSInh) acts as the host of molybdate (corrosion inhibitor). [•] pH-sensitive release of corrosion inhibitor in the corrosive media is observed. [•] The MSInh released MoO4 2− at pH=8 as a result of appearance of OH− in the surface. [•] MoO4 2− is released from MSInh in response of chloride ion concentration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights: [•] Mesoporous silica (MSInh) acts as the host of molybdate (corrosion inhibitor). [•] pH-sensitive release of corrosion inhibitor in the corrosive media is observed. [•] MoO4 2− releases from the MSInh in the pH=8 due the releasing of OH− in the surface. [•] MoO4 2− releases from MSInh in response of corrosive ion presence in solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reservoir permeability is an important parameter that its reliable prediction is necessary for reservoir performance assessment and management. Although many empirical formulas are derived regarding permeability and porosity in sandstone reservoirs, these correlations cannot be accurately depicted in carbonate reservoir for the wells that are not cored and for which there are no welltest data. Therefore, having a framework for estimation of these parameters in reservoirs with neither coring samples nor welltest data is crucial. Rock properties are characterized by using different well logs. However, there is no specific petrophysical log for estimating rock permeability; thus, new methods need to be developed to predict permeability from well logs. One of the most powerful tools that we applied by the authors is artificial neural network (ANN), whose advantages and disadvantages have been discussed by several authors. In particular, 767 data sets were used from five wells of Bangestan reservoir in a southwestern field of Iran. Depth, Neutron (NPHI), Density (RHOB), Sonic (DT) logs, and evaluated total porosity (PHIT) from log data were used as the input data and horizontal permeability obtained by coring was as target data. Sixty percent of these data points were used for training and the remaining for predicting the permeability (i.e., validation and testing). An appropriate ANN was developed and a correlation coefficient (R) of 0.965 was obtained by comparing permeability predictions and the actual measurements. As a result, the neural science can be used effectively to estimate formation permeability from well log data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: High-quality Ni/n-Si Schottky barrier diodes (SBDs) with low reverse leakage current were produced using a molybdenum (metal) mask. An identical preparation of the diodes shows a diode-to-diode variation in the ideality factor and barrier height parameters. Topological, phase and potential distribution investigations of the surface before and after preparation of the thin metal film for ohmic and Schottky contacts with a Conducting Probe Atomic Force Microscope (CP-AFM) show that thin metal film deposited on Ni/n-Si Schottky diode (SD) consists of many nano patches. Investigation of the patches in the ohmic contact side shows that these ohmic contacts also consist of nano patches in the range 20–40nm with a variation in the potential distribution reaching about 1V, resulting in different electrical behaviors in different regions of the contact surface. Even with sufficient care in the preparation and cleaning of the contact surface there is a potential difference of about 0.5V between different parts of the semiconductor surface, which is one of the sources of different electrical behaviors of the substrate. These patches are sets of parallelly connected and electrically cooperating nano contacts with size between 20 and 40nm. The barrier heights (BH) and ideality factor (n) are affected by the potential distribution on the surface. There is a spot field between the patches with different local work functions, which are in direct electrical contact with the surrounding patches. It is shown that in the real metal–semiconductor (MS) contacts, patches with quite different configurations, various geometrical sizes and local work functions are randomly distributed on the metal surface. The relation between ideality factor (n) and potential barrier height (BH) depends on the distribution of patches and their work functions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Electron beam physical vapor deposition (EBPVD) is being used in coating components for many applications such as for producing nanostructures and integrated circuits (ICs) coating in electronic industry. In this work, copper was deposited on the SiO2/p-type Si(100). Thin film characteristics are investigated by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Then oxidation behavior of deposits was evaluated by Dektak Surface Profiler and weight gain method at 200 and 300°C. Results showed that thin film copper deposited by EBPVD has better oxidation characteristics in comparison with copper foil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Copper thin films were deposited on oxidized silicon at a substrate temperature of 70°C and 150°C using EB-PVD technique. The morphology and crystal orientation of the deposited film were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. Corrosion behavior of films was studied through electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), potentiodynamic polarization, immersion test, and cathodic chronopotentiography. Additionally, the crystalline structure of corroded samples immediately after polarization was examined by XRD. Corrosion current density for copper deposits was higher than copper sheet by polarization tests, while the data obtained by the EIS technique emphasized higher corrosion current density for copper sheet. However there was a conflict between polarization and EIS data, the other results obtained by immersion and cathodic chronopotentiography tests proved that the corrosion resistance of copper deposits was higher than copper sheet in the same alkaline media, which can be attributed to chemical composition and higher thickness of the passive layer formed on copper deposits. On the other hand, breakdown potential (Ebp) for copper sheet was about 0.3VSCE, while a distinct Ebp was not found for copper deposits. This was a sign of higher stability of the passive layer formed on copper deposits. The XRD patterns of samples immediately after polarization showed a higher content of Cu(OH)2 on copper deposits in comparison with copper sheet. The stable morphology formed on the surface of copper after polarization was monoclinic CuO, which is assumed to have a significant effect on copper protection in alkaline media. This morphology was more compact on copper deposits in comparison with copper sheet. This was due to higher ability of deposits to react with hydroxyl ions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Copper thin films were deposited on oxidized single crystal silicon and glass surfaces, at 70°C and 150°C substrate temperature using Electron Beam-Physical Vapor Deposition technique. The morphology and crystal orientation of the deposited film were investigated by SEM and XRD, respectively. Corrosion behavior of these films in hydrochloric acid was studied by potentiodynamic polarization method. Results showed that the corrosion resistance of CG 70 (deposit on glass at 70°C substrate temperature) was higher than all deposits and than copper sheet because of its higher ability to form passive layer. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Thermal conductivity enhancements of nanodiamond particles (NDs) suspended in pure deionized (DI) with different volume fractions in the range from 0.8% to 3% have been measured. The highest observed enhancement in the thermal conductivity is 7.2% for a volume fraction of 3% at a temperature of 30°C. The thermal conductivity increases by about 9.8% as the temperature rises to 50°C. The new Murshed model (Murshed et al. (2009) ) was used to describe the heat transfer enhancement in the ND fluid. While the predicted results overestimate the experimental data, they are in agreement within the experimental errors. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The article reports on a study conducted on the existence of Gazza minuta Leiognathidae fishes in the Persian Gulf. Topics discussed include evidence of the fish species in the Oman sea and in Iranian waters, no previous record of species in the Persian gulf, morphological and phylogenetic differences between Gazza minuta and other species and; attribution of Gazza minuta through ballast waterways of persian gulf.

Abstract: Caveolin 1 (CAV1) is a component of the myelin sheath and the expression of the gene encoding this protein is increased during myelination in Schwann cells and oligodendrocytes. We sought to investigate the homozygote haplotype compartment in a recently identified polymorphic purine complex at the upstream region of the human CAV1 gene in multiple sclerosis (MS). In a case/control study design, the region was characterized in 126 cases of MS diagnosed based on the Revised McDonald diagnostic criteria, and 460 controls. We report a skew in the homozygote haplotype compartment in the cases versus controls both in a qualitative and quantitative respect. Excess homozygosity for haplotypes was observed in the MS cases (corrected p <0.012, OR=2.54, CI 1.14–5.64). Furthermore, we observed eight homozygote haplotypes in the MS cases that were non-existent in the controls (p <0.0003, OR=20.27, CI 2.50–163.8). For the first time, our data highlight the CAV1 upstream purine complex as a novel susceptibility genomic locus in the pathophysiology of MS. Of utmost importance, the region has been conserved across species, including mouse, guinea pig, rhesus macaque, and human. The functional effect of this region remains to be clarified in the future studies. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

This article describes a data-driven approach to flood risk exposure evaluation and route delineation during heavy rainfall events. We cross-referenced diverse geospatial and drainage infrastructure datasets with the street network of Hoboken to uncover the factors that increase flood risk. Elevation, slope, precipitation level, imperviousness, and distance to the drainage system's outlets were the most significant predictors to link flooding. We used the link flood risk patterns found in the data to train a reinforcement learning model that generates routes that avoid flood-prone areas. We benchmarked the route assistance model with shortest path and most reliable path algorithms, demonstrating our model has balanced path length and path reliability. We provided the flood risk model outputs at the link-level, which city authorities can use to plan road closures ahead of heavy precipitation events. The route assistance model can be used by drivers to better navigate flood-prone environments by detouring around riskier areas or canceling trips altogether. • We devised a data-driven method for predicting flood susceptibility. • Elevation, slope and distance from outfalls severely influence street flood risk. • We devised a route assistance method for diverting traffic from flood-prone areas. • Our method balances path reliability and shortness, outperforming shortest paths. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: In this paper a constitutive model for rigid-plastic hardening materials based on the Hencky logarithmic strain tensor and its corotational rates is introduced. The distortional hardening is incorporated in the model using a distortional yield function. The flow rule of this model relates the corotational rate of the logarithmic strain to the difference of the Cauchy stress and the back stress tensors employing deformation-induced anisotropy tensor. Based on the Armstrong–Fredrick evolution equation the kinematic hardening constitutive equation of the proposed model expresses the corotational rate of the back stress tensor in terms of the same corotational rate of the logarithmic strain. Using logarithmic, Green–Naghdi and Jaumann corotational rates in the proposed constitutive model, the Cauchy and back stress tensors as well as subsequent yield surfaces are determined for rigid-plastic kinematic, isotropic and distortional hardening materials in the simple shear deformation. The ability of the model to properly represent the sign and magnitude of the normal stress in the simple shear deformation as well as the flattening of yield surface at the loading point and its orientation towards the loading direction are investigated. It is shown that among the different cases of using corotational rates and plastic deformation parameters in the constitutive equations, the results of the model based on the logarithmic rate and accumulated logarithmic strain are in good agreement with anticipated response of the simple shear deformation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: In this paper the torsion problem of a circular bar with fixed ends is solved using a finite deformation constitutive model based on the corotational rates of the logarithmic strain. The logarithmic, Green–Naghdi and Eulerian corotational rates of the logarithmic strain are used in the model. The solution is based on a von Mises type yield function that incorporates isotropic and kinematic hardenings. For the kinematic hardening, a modified Armstrong–Fredrick hardening model with the corotational rate of the logarithmic strain is used. Assuming incompressible behavior, the fixed-end torsion problem is simplified to the simple shear problem. Solving the problem, the stress components are integrated to calculate the torque and axial force. It is qualitatively shown that the results based on the logarithmic corotational rate are in good agreement with the experimental results. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: In this paper a finite deformation constitutive model for rigid plastic hardening materials based on the logarithmic strain tensor is introduced. The flow rule of this constitutive model relates the corotational rate of the logarithmic strain tensor to the difference of the deviatoric Cauchy stress and the back stress tensors. The evolution equation for the kinematic hardening of this model relates the corotational rate of the back stress tensor to the corotational rate of the logarithmic strain tensor. Using Jaumann, Green–Naghdi, Eulerian and logarithmic corotational rates in the proposed constitutive model, stress–strain responses and subsequent yield surfaces are determined for rigid plastic kinematic and isotropic hardening materials in the simple shear problem at finite deformations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

In this paper, we investigate the generation and controlling of the optical vortex beam using a dye-doped liquid crystal (DDLC) cell. The spatial distribution of the quasi-sinusoidal orientation of the liquid crystal molecules creates a quasi-sinusoidal phase grating (PG) in the DDLC cell. Depending on the incident light pattern, Trans to Cis photoisomerization of the dye molecules affects the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules. To do so, an amplitude fork grating (FG) is used as a mask, and its pattern is stored in the cell by a pattern printing method as the PG. One of the particular features of the stored grating in the cell is its capability in the diffraction efficiency controlled by the applied electric field. The results show, based on the central defect in the FG pattern, the diffracted probe beam in different orders is optical vortices. As a new technique, this type of stored pattern acts like an amplitude grating but according to the results, its structure is in fact a PG. This technique leads to the vortex beam switching capability by applying an electric field to the cell. The results show that by applying 22 V, all the diffraction orders vanish. Meanwhile, the vortex beams reappear by removing the applied voltage. The diffraction efficiency of the vortex beams as well as its generation dependency on the polarization of the incident beam studied. The maximum efficiency of the first diffraction order for linear polarized incident beam was obtained at 0 V, about 8%. Based on the presented theory, a simulation has been done which shows the Cis form of the dye molecules has been able to change the angle of LC molecules on average about 12.7°. The study of diffracted beam profiles proves that they are electrically controllable vortex beams. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• 316L SS was fabricated by laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) process. • L-PBF processed steel showed fine cellular/columnar structure due to rapid cooling. • The formation of passive layer on the L-PBF processed steel is favored in the alkaline media. • Better corrosion performance was observed for L-PBF processed steel. This study investigates the microstructure and electrochemical behavior of 316 L processed through laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) and the related commercial wrought counterpart in the concrete pore solution (0.9 M NaOH + 0.9 wt% NaCl). Analyses showed that the L-PBF method did not decline the corrosion resistance of 316L SS in the alkaline solution. Even in some cases, L-PBF processed alloy showed better electrochemical behavior compared the wrought alloy. Microscopy evaluation indicated that L-PBF processed specimen showed an ultrafine cellular/columnar structure with the more uniform morphology at the higher magnifications compared to the wrought sample, possibly because of the excessive cooling rate of the L-PBF process. Besides, electrochemical studies revealed that corrosion current density related to the L-PBF processed sample reported about one-third of wrought counterpart. Also, L-PBF processed alloy identified the lower defect density compared to the wrought one. The better corrosion performance of the L-PBF processed 316L SS could be related to the fabrication method of the additively manufactured samples, which hindered the presence of detrimental phases and more stability of the passive film. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary Length-weight relationships were estimated for 16 populations of six Iranian toothcarp species. Differences between sexes were statistically significant for two of the species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• In this paper we have developed a novel framework for assessing the vulnerability of flood-prone urban cities to flood events. • The framework is applied using Hoboken, NJ, USA as a case study. The framework was able to generate quantitative and qualitative insights about its surface transportation system's vulnerability to precipitation-induced flooding as well as aggravating factors. • Our research has shown that 5 year storms (20% yearly recurrence probability) may increase surface vehicle's miles driven by 32% on peak hour traffic in Hoboken. • The tide level can increase the impacts on miles driven by up to 19% when compared with low tide scenarios under storms of the same magnitude. • Accessibility is also hindered by pluvial flood events. It is expected that 13% of the total trips on peak hour are prevented from being completed under 5 year storms during low tide. This article addresses the impacts of flood events on urban street networks. Macro-traffic simulation techniques were used on disrupted and undisrupted scenarios to assess the increase on the network's mobility and accessibility. Local topographical aspects of the terrain were analyzed to identify portions of the network more prone to disruption. Flood maps were used to systematically remove links from the network, generating its disrupted state for different scenarios. The traffic assignment model generated routes using k-shortest path methods with link impedance penalty functions, selecting them based on user equilibrium assumption. Simulation results indicated the viability of the method to analyze the impacts of flood events of different severity and duration. The successful validation of this method indicated its viability as a tool for benefit cost analysis of urban improvement projects including resilience plans for high risk cities. The analysis was validated using the City of Hoboken, New Jersey's transportation network and flood models. Results can be applied to cities with a high chance of flooding and should help authorities to effectively review their infrastructure strategic plans as well as their short and long-term urban mobility plans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the stability and thermoelectric properties of MgO (111) and (100) monolayers under compressive and tensile strain were investigated by density functional theory. The flat MgO (111) revealed to be stable against a biaxial and uniaxial tensile strain of up to ε = 15% and compressive strain of up to ε = −2% for biaxial strain and −5% for uniaxial strain. The rumbled MgO (100) showed stability for the only tensile strain of up to 8%. The thermoelectric properties of the MgO monolayers predict the figure of merit of about unity in both n- and p-type doping regions which found to be promising for practical application of MgO monolayers in thermoelectric devices. • Stability & TE properties of MgO (111) and (100) monolayers were investigated under compressive and tensile strain. • The figure of merit of MgO (111) estimates about unity which enhanced under compressive strain. • TE performance of MgO monolayers predicted to be promising in both n- and p-type doping region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, the electronic and thermoelectric properties of the graphene-like monolayer of InN were investigated by utilizing Wien2k and BoltzTrap codes considering PBE-GGA and mBJ potentials. The bandgap of InN monolayer was estimated at 0.72 and 0.98 eV by GGA and mBJ, respectively. The thermoelectric properties of the Seebeck coefficient, electrical conductivity, electronic thermal conductivity, electronic specific heat, power factor and figure of merit were investigated in terms of temperature and potential energy. The figure of merit which describes the quality of material for thermoelectric applications was estimated at 0.92 for μ = −0.11 and 0.93 for μ = −0.13 with respect to μ 0 at T = 300 by GGA and mBJ respectively which are reasonable for practical applications. Also, it has been found that the figure of merit of InN monolayer remains close to the mentioned values at higher temperatures up to 800 K. • Electronic & TE properties of graphene-like monolayer of InN were investigated by DFT through PBE and mBJ functional. • TE properties of seebeck coefficient, electrical conductivity & electronic thermal conductivity were calculated. • The quality of InN for TE applications were estimated by dimensionless figure of merit as a function of chemical potential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study provides the length-weight ( LW) and length-length ( LL) relationships for two goby species, Neogobius caspius and Proterorhinus nasalis, which were captured in the southern Caspian Sea. Total length ( TL) and standard length ( SL) were determined as well as weight. Specimens were collected monthly from September 2014 to August 2015 by beach seine (mesh size 10 mm). The LW parameter b for these species was 3.17 and 2.99, respectively, with a high coefficient of determination ( r2 > .95). All LLRs were highly correlated ( r2 > .97). Both species had no previous LWR and LLR estimates in FishBase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigated length-weight and length-length relationships of three Clupeonella species: C. caspia, C. engrauliformis and C. grimmi captured in the southern Caspian Sea, Iran. Using a lantern net, 206 specimens were collected from July to August 2016. Presented for two of the species are the length-weight and the length-length relationships as well as the first reference on length-weight and length-length relationships for C. caspia in its distribution range. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the vibrational, electronic and optical properties of graphene-like structure of boron carbide were investigated by density functional theory and the results were compared to the calculated properties of graphene. By investigating the phonon dispersions and vibrational properties, the BC monolayer found stable and revealed lower group velocity and higher specific heat capacity than graphene. In contrast to graphene, metallic characteristic of graphene-like boron carbide was confirmed by analyzing the total density of states and band structure which could be responsible for the observed different optical properties compared to graphene particularly at low energy region of electromagnetic waves spectrum. • The improvement of graphene and its derivatives properties are highly desired for future applications. • Electronic & optical properties of boron carbide (BC) graphene-like monolayer were investigated by DFT. • The stability of the graphene-like BC were studied through phonon dispersion curve and calculating the formation energy. • The results on BC monolayer were compared to the physical properties graphene. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two-dimensional (2D) phosphorene nanoflakes (PNFs) revealed different properties along two different crystal directions of zigzag (ZZ) and armchair (AM). In this study, the electronic and transport properties of two different structures of 4 × 4 square and 4 × 6 rectangle phosphorene nanoflakes with zigzag and armchair orientation were investigated. The zigzag 4 × 6 rectangle phosphorene nanoflake with six unit cells along zigzag direction was revealed to be metal whereas the corresponding armchair one with 6 unit cells along armchair direction was semiconductor. Transport study of nanoflakes showed the anisotropic behaviors at two transport directions of zigzag and armchair. Transmission coefficient of the phosphorene nanoflakes was found to be higher in the ZZ crystal direction compared to the AM and the anisotropy ratio of 6% and 95% was estimated for the square and rectangle PNF at Fermi energy, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Length-weight relationships are described for five fish species from the coast of the Hormuz Strait in the Persian Gulf, Iran. Specimens were collected between August 2010 and July 2011 using shrimp beam trawls, gill nets and intertidal fishing weirs. Relationships for three of the species had no previous data in the international science global databank on fishes: . A new maximum length was recorded for Acanthopagrus latus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates length-length and length-weight relationships of three Sillago species [ Sillago arabica McKay & McCarthy (Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, 27, 1989, 551), Sillago attenuata McKay, 1985 and Sillago sihama (Forsskål, 1775)] captured in the Persian Gulf, Iran. A collection of 220 specimens was captured from August 2015 to January 2016 by cast net (mesh size: 10 mm) and beach seine (mesh size: 15 mm). The relationships of total length ( TL) and standard length ( SL) and the relationships between total length and body weight are given. This study presents the first reference on LWRs for two of the species ( S. arabica and S. attenuata) in their range of distribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates length-weight and length-length relationships of four shad species ( Alosa braschnikowi, Alosa caspia, Alosa kessleri, and Alosa saposchnikowii) captured on the southern Caspian Sea coast of Iran. The relationship of total length ( TL), fork length ( FL) and standard length ( SL) and the relationship between total length and body weight are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present work is dedicated to the numerical investigation of the influence of clay volume fraction and orientation on the crack growth, and thus, fracture toughness of polymer/clay nanocomposites. Several samples containing different amounts of clay nanofillers are examined using finite element method. It is revealed that there exists a correlation between the clay contents and fracture toughness of these nanocomposites. Additionally, particular attention is also given to incorporate the dispersion level of clay platelets in the base polymer. Accordingly, a dispersion quantification technique is employed. The results demonstrate that while increasing the clay volume fraction can postpone the crack growth, this phenomenon is highly dependent on the dispersion level and arrangement of clay platelets near the crack tip simultaneously. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

What is known and objective Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms ( DRESS) syndrome is a rare and potentially life-threatening drug reaction. Allopurinol is one of the most frequently reported drugs accounting for DRESS syndrome development. In contrast to allopurinol, DRESS syndrome induced by teicoplanin has not been reported frequently. Case description A 50-year-old woman was admitted to receive FLAG chemotherapy regimen (fludarabine, cytarabine (high-dose Ara-C), granulocyte colony-stimulating factor) for relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukaemia ( ALL) treatment. Allopurinol was initiated at a dose of 300 mg per day 48 hours before chemotherapy regimen initiation, for tumour lysis syndrome prophylaxis. Seven days after allopurinol initiation, the patient presented with fever, dyspnoea, shortening of breath, facial oedema, generalized pruritus, erythema and macular rash affecting the face, abdomen, trunk, upper and lower limbs and an elevation in hepatic enzymes. Allopurinol was immediately discontinued and intravenous hydrocortisone was started concomitantly alongside other supportive measures. About 72 hours later, pruritus, erythema and rash were ameliorated and abnormalities in liver tests were improved. Afterwards, teicoplanin administration led to severe deterioration of pruritus, erythema and rash; subsequently, serum alanine aminotransferase increased again and episodes of worsening dyspnea occurred. Signs of hypersensitivity reaction were reduced by discontinuation of teicoplanin and supportive care. What is new and conclusion We report a case of allopurinol-induced DRESS syndrome, which was exacerbated by administration of teicoplanin. It can be suggested that the administration of drugs with high possibility of hypersensitivity reactions should be avoided during the acute phase of DRESS syndrome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Correction of early signs of neuroglycopenia preceding the insurgence of severe hypoglycaemia may help to prevent the subsequent intake of sugar in excessive amount which can cause rebound hyperglycaemia. A practical and easy tool to control progression towards hypoglycaemia is missing. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the administration of small amounts of glucose through the Glucose RapidSpray device in controlling the early symptoms associated with neuroglycopenia which precede the insurgence of hypoglycaemia. This device consists of a 10 ml bottle containing 10g glucose solution with the addition of artificial flavours and excipients to facilitate buccal absorption delivering by spray puffing regular amount of glucose in quantifies as small as 0.5 grams. We tested 10 normal individuals, mean age 25 years ± 3, both males and females with body mass index (BMI) ranging between 18 and 26. All subjects were fasting for more than 4 hours and experiencing slight signs of neuroglycopenia when glucose puffs were administered. The continuous glucose monitoring system was applied to fine recording changes in glucose levels following the administration of glucose. Different amounts of oral puffs ranging between n=5 and n=15 were taken by the subjects, as well as 3 grams of sugar by mouth as control. In subjects with lean BMI, 5-15 puffs were able to increase within 5 minutes glucose levels from 71.2 mg ± 4.3 to 80.5±5.1 (p<0.01). Glucose levels remain unchanged up to 15 minutes after. The increase of glucose following administration of 3 gr. sugar by mouth occurred only after 15 minutes. In subjects with BMI comprised between 24 and 26 no hyperglycaemic effect was observed following puffs or sugar administration as one can expect to occur in subjects with insulin resistance. The results of this study suggest that the absorption of glucose by oral spray puffs in quantities ranging between 0.5 and 2 gr. in lean subjects is able to raise rapidly blood glucose levels; thus controlling potential fall of glucose levels in a more physiological way. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: It is generally accepted that diamond is resistant to a wide spectrum of electromagnetic radiation from the ultraviolet through to the soft X-ray range, which makes it very attractive for the fabrication of diamond-based photodetectors. However the effect of photon radiation on the diamond structure has not yet been examined. In the work presented here, photoelectron spectroscopy has been used to study the graphitization of nanodiamond crystallites exposed to extreme ultraviolet radiation. Under such irradiation, the surface hydrogen groups and graphite species are found to prevent graphitization. The mechanism of radiation-induced nanodiamond graphitization is discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Poster: Physics track: Quantitative functional and biological imaging PO-1675: Diffusion-weighted MRI to evaluate irradiated parotid function: a study of acute and late morbidity A. Ameri, S. Hassas Yeganeh, M. Beigi, M. Ansari, Z. AzizMohammadi, P. Ameri. [Extracted from the article]

Femtosecond infrared coherent transients have been measured for the stretch vibration of CO on Cu(111). The free induction decay exhibits a dephasing time (T2) of 2±0.3 ps (and 2±0.1 ps assuming a single exponential decay between 2 and 3 ps). The decay was best fit by exponential relaxation, thereby suggesting that the CO vibrational band is almost entirely homogeneously broadened. The surface sum frequency spectrum was also measured at two coverages (0.10 and 0.45 L) using spectrally narrowed pulses. Interferences were observed leading to a determination of the relative phase and amplitude of the resonant and nonresonant second-order susceptibility in this system. The magnitude of the nonresonant susceptibility was only weakly dependent on coverage, suggesting that the nonresonant polarizability originates in the bulk Cu. Time and frequency domain results were in good agreement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]