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Background: Dietary patterns and symptoms research among Chinese with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and its precursor lesions is limited, especially as it relates to multiple food consumption and multiple co-occurring symptoms. The aim of our study was to identify the dietary patterns and severity of symptom classes with the risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and its histological precursor lesions, and develop a risk prediction model for different stages of esophageal disease.Methods: We analyzed data from a multicenter cross-sectional study carried out in ESCC high incidence areas between 2017 and 2018, which included 34,707 individuals aged 40-69 years. Dietary patterns and severity of symptom classes were derived by applying a latent class analysis (LCA). A multiple logistic regression model was used to derive the odds ratio (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for ESCC and the different stages of esophageal disease according to the dietary patterns and severity of symptom classes identified. We built the risk prediction model by using a nomogram.Results: We identified five dietary patterns and three severity of symptom classes. The dietary patterns were classified as follows: "Healthy", "Western", "Lower consumers-combination", "Medium consumers-combination" and "Higher consumers-combination" patterns based on the intake of foods such as red meat, vegetables and fruits. The severity of symptoms was categorized into "Asymptomatic", "Mild symptoms" and "Overt symptoms" classes based on health-related symptoms reported by the participants. Compared to the "Healthy" pattern, the other four patterns were all associated with an increased risk of esophageal disease. Similarly, the other two symptom classes present different degrees of increased risk of esophageal disease compared to the "Asymptomatic". The nomograms reflect the good predictive ability of the model.Conclusion: Among individuals aged 40-69 years in high incidence regions of upper gastrointestinal cancer, the results supplied that subjects with diets rich in livestock and poultry meat and low in fruits and vegetables and subjects with typical symptoms were at increased ESCC risk. The findings highlight the importance of considering food and symptom combinations in cancer risk evaluation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Despite research efforts, the causative factors that contribute to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) in high-risk areas have not yet been understood. In this study, we, therefore, aimed to describe the risk factors associated with ESCC and its precursor lesions.Methods: We performed an endoscopic examination of 44,857 individuals aged 40-69 years from five high incidence regions of China in 2017-2018. Participants were classified as 4 groups of normal control, esophagitis, low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (LGIN) and high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia/esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (HGIN/ESCC) using an unconditional logistic regression determine risk factors.Results: We identified 4890 esophagitis, 1874 LGIN and 437 HGIN/ESCC cases. Crude odds ratios (ORs) and adjusted odds ratios were calculated using unconditional logistic regression. Drinking well and surface water, salty diet, and positive family history of cancer were the common risk factors for esophagitis, LGIN and HGIN/ESCC. History of chronic hepatitis/cirrhosis was the greatest risk factor of esophagitis (adjusted OR 2.96, 95%CI 2.52-3.47) and HGIN/ESCC (adjusted OR 1.91, 95%CI 1.03-3.22). Pesticide exposure (adjusted OR 1.20, 95%CI 1.05-1.37) was essential risk factor of LGIN.Conclusions: Among individuals aged 40-69 years in high incidence regions of upper gastrointestinal cancer, the results provided important epidemiological evidence for the prevention of different precancerous lesions of ESCC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between tumor protein 53 (TP53) gene deletion and protein expression and clinical features in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), and to evaluate the predictive value of these two characteristics in the prognosis of ESCC. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) were performed to detect the expression of p53 protein and gene deletion in ESCC tissue samples from different ethnic groups in Xinjiang, in order to analyze their association with clinicopathological characteristics and patient prognosis, as well as the sensitivity and specificity of the two methods. In addition, the results were further validated by tissue microarray from a different region. The positive rate of p53 protein expression was 54.5% (201/369) in the multi-ethnic group, and was significantly different between sex (P=0.026) and between tumor differentiation groups (P=0.032). FISH demonstrated that the TP53 gene deletion rate was 31.8% (68/214), which was significantly different between different tumor differentiation (P=0.002), lymph node metastasis (P=0.005) and vascular invasion (P<0.001) groups. The survival rate of patients with TP53 gene deletion was significantly lower than those without TP53 gene deletion (P<0.05). The positive rate of p53 protein expression in the tissue microarray was 58.1% (68/117), which was significantly different between the depth of invasion groups (P=0.011). The TP53 gene deletion rate was 47.9% (56/117), which significantly differed according to lymph node metastasis (P=0.003) and TNM stage (P=0.01). In addition, the total concordance rates of the two methods were 60.3 and 64.1%, respectively. There were also significant differences in the positive rate of TP53 gene deletion and protein expression in different stages of ESCC (P<0.05), which increased gradually with the progression of ESCC. The deletion of the TP53 gene in esophageal cancer was associated with poor prognosis and may be an important biomarker for evaluating the prognosis of patients with ESCC. The combination of FISH and IHC methods could significantly improve the detection rate of TP53 gene abnormalities and the accuracy of prognostic assessment of ESCC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

MicroRNA (miR) signatures may aid the diagnosis and prediction of cancer; therefore, miRs associated with the prognosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) were screened. miR‑sequencing (seq) and mRNA‑seq data from early‑stage ESCC samples were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, and samples from subjects with a >6‑month survival time were assessed with Cox regression analysis for prognosis‑associated miRs. A further two miR expression datasets of ESCC samples, GSE43732 and GSE13937, were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Common miRs between prognosis‑associated miRs, and miRs in the GSE43732 and GSE13937, datasets were used for risk score calculations for each sample, and median risk scores were applied for the stratification of low‑ and high‑risk samples. A prognostic scoring system of signature miRs was subsequently constructed and used for survival analysis for low‑ and high‑risk samples. Differentially‑expressed genes (DEGs) corresponding to all miRs were screened and functional annotation was performed. A total of 34 prognostic miRs were screened and a scoring system was created using 10 signature miRs (hsa‑miR‑140, ‑33b, ‑34b, ‑144, ‑486, ‑214, ‑129‑2, ‑374a and ‑412). Using this system, low‑risk samples were identified to be associated with longer survival compared with high‑risk samples in the TCGA and GSE43732 datasets. Age, alcohol and tobacco use, and radiotherapy were prognostic factors for samples with different risk scores and the same clinical features. There were 168 DEGs, and the top 20 risk scores positively‑correlated and the top 20 risk scores negatively‑correlated DEGs were significantly enriched for six and 10 functional terms, respectively. ‘Tight junction’ and ‘melanogenesis’ were two significantly enriched pathways of DEGs. miR‑214, miR‑129‑2, miR‑37a and miR‑486 may predict ESCC patient survival, although further studies to validate this hypothesis are required. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]