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This study analyzed top papers published in the field of Library and Information Science (LIS) published between 2009 and 2019 and included in the Web of Science (WoS) subject category "Information Science & Library Science". Data of the 501 top papers were extracted from the Essential Science Indicators (ESI) database comprising 499 highly cited papers and 16 hot papers in the field. The distributions of document type, language of publication, scientific output, and publication of journals are reported in this paper. The co-authorship network visualization of authors, organizations and countries, co-occurrence network visualization of all keywords are visualized using VOSviewer software. The 501 papers, all written in English language, were from 1,579 authors employed at 680 organizations based in 59 countries/territories. The papers were published in 40 journals in the field. The top 5 core journals ranked based on the impact factor (IF) were MIS Quarterly, Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association, International Journal of Information Management, Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology, and Information Management. The top 5 organizations were University of Maryland (USA), University of Wolverhampton (UK), Vanderbilt University (USA), Indiana University (USA), and Wuhan University (China). Authors from the following countries contributed the most - USA, People's Republic of China, England, Canada and Netherlands. Based on network map using VOSviewer, there were micro, meso and macro level collaborations based on common interests in a specific topics. Analysis of all keywords showed that the research were distributed into 6 clusters. This study concludes that one important characteristic of top papers is the journal reputation, therefore authors can choose their ideal journal with a high JIF and quartile to publish papers in the English language related to this research field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper introduces, at a high level, the key topics relevant to continuous availability of IBM systems infrastructures. After defining terms and identifying what is encompassed in the scope of continuous availability of IBM system infrastructures, we explain the IT (information technology) life cycle of planning and execution through which an IT organization and its infrastructure pass to create and continuously improve the IT infrastructure. Throughout, we show how each of the subsequent papers in this issue, drawing on real-life deployments, technology developments, and research efforts, expands on important aspects of this introductory discussion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An important problem in the area of homeland security is to identify abnormal or suspicious entities in large data sets. Although there are methods from data mining and social network analysis focusing on finding patterns or central nodes from networks or numerical data sets, there has been little work aimed at discovering abnormal instances in large complex semantic graphs, whose nodes are richly connected with many different types of links. In this paper, we describe a novel unsupervised framework to identify such instances. Besides discovering abnormal instances, we believe that to complete the process, a system has to also provide users with understandable explanations for its findings. Therefore, in the second part of the paper, we describe an explanation mechanism to automatically generate human-understandable explanations for the discovered results. To evaluate our discovery and explanation systems, we perform experiments on several different semantic graphs. The results show that our discovery system outperforms state-of-the-art unsupervised network algorithms used to analyze the 9/11 terrorist network and other graph-based outlier detection algorithms by a significant margin. Additionally, the human study we conducted demonstrates that our explanation system, which provides natural language explanations for the system's findings, allowed human subjects to perform complex data analysis in a much more efficient and accurate manner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Technology mediated learning (TML) is gaining interest from both academic researchers and communication professionals as training with internet technology and web-based distance learning become increasingly popular. This paper investigates social norms, individual-level cultural orientation (collectivism), and affective commitment (internalization and identification) and studies their influences on the system users' (or learners') attitude toward sharing knowledge by email in the TML environment. An empirical test of the proposed model was conducted in the pilot test (71 = 155) and the main test (7 = 411). Theoretical and practical implications of these findings for TML, knowledge management, and e-collaboration are discussed in the paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Information systems researchers have a long tradition of drawing on theories from disciplines such as economics, computer science, psychology, and general management and using them in their own research. Because of this, the information systems field has become a rich tapestry of theoretical and conceptul foundations. As new theories are brought into the field, particularly theories that have become dominant in other areas, there may be a benefit in pausing to assess their use and contribution in an IS context. The purpose of this paper is to explore and critically evaluate use of the resource-based view of the firm (RBV) by IS researchers. The paper provides a brief review of resource-based theory and then suggests extensions to make the RBV more useful for empirical IS research. First, a typology of key IS resources is presented, and these are then described using six traditional resource attributes. Second, we emphasize the particular importance of looking at both resource complementarity and moderating factors when studying IS resource effects on firm performance. Finally, we discuss three considerations that IS researchers need to address when using the RBV empirically. Eight sets of propositions are advanced to help guide future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Citation based metrics are widely used to assess the impact of research published in journals. This paper presents the results of a research study to verify the accuracy of data and calculations of journal impact metrics presented in Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus in the case of three journals of information and library science. Data collected from the websites of journals were compared with that of two citation extended databases. The study manually calculated the Journal Impact Factor (JIF) and the Impact per Publication (IPP) in accordance with formulas given in the databases. Data were also collected from the Google Scholar to draw a comparison. The study found discrepancies in two sets of data and bibliometric values, i.e., systematic values presented in WoS and Scopus and calculated in this study. Commercial databases presented inflated measures based on fabricated or erroneous data. The study is of practical importance to researchers, universities and research financing bodies that consider these bibliometric indicators as a good tool for measuring performance, assessment, and evaluation of research quality as well as researchers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper is about a new method for managing the information, respecting material characteristics in the near infrared light. Common ground has been created with the visual and near infrared component of the sunlight as a new manner of researching, interpreting and managing colours and dyes. Until set theory named INFRAREDESIGN /1/, /2/ the „colour management technology" dealt only with the perfectionism explanation and interpretation of the relationship colours and dyes for visual feeling. The practice of using colorant matter characteristics is extended in such a way that a colorant is simultaneously designed for visual and infrared area. The discovery of INFRAREDESIGN encourages to make way for many new area of information science applied to painting, prints, military clothing, leather and textile design. Communication is extended to planning a double independent information on the same place as a double picture, i.e. two messages that are dependent on each other in the course of realization, but when trying to make a copy, the message in infrared is lost. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

What is the intellectual core of the information systems discipline? This study uses latent semantic analysis to examine a large body of published IS research in order to address this question. Specifically, the abstracts of all research papers over the time period from 1985 through 2006 published in three top IS research journals--MIS Quarterly, Information Systems Research, and Journal of Management Information Systems--were analyzed. This analysis identified five core research areas: (1) information technology and organizations; (2) IS development; (3) IT and individuals; (4) IT and markets; and (5) IT and groups. Over the time frame of our analysis, these core topics have remained quite stable. However, the specific research themes within each core area have evolved significantly, reflecting research that has focused less on technology development and more on the social context in which information technologies are designed and used. As such, this analysis demonstrates that the information systems academic discipline has maintained a relatively stable research identity that focuses on how IT systems are developed and how individuals, groups, organizations, and markets interact with IT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Impact-targeted activities are rare but they may have a significant impact on the society. For example, isolated terrorism activities may lead to a disastrous event, threatening the national security. Similar issues can also be seen in many other areas. Therefore, it is important to identify such particular activities before they lead to having a significant impact to the world. However, it is challenging to mine impact-targeted activity patterns due to their imbalanced structure. This paper develops techniques for discovering such activity patterns. First, the complexities of mining imbalanced impact-targeted activities are analyzed. We then discuss strategies for constructing impact-targeted activity sequences. Algorithms are developed to mine frequent positive-impact-oriented (P → T¯) and negative-impact-oriented (P → T) activity patterns, sequential impact-contrasted activity patterns (P is frequently associated with both patterns P → T and P → T¯ in separated data sets), and sequential impact-reversed activity patterns (both P → T and PQ → T¯ are frequent). Activity impact modeling is also studied to quantify the pattern impact on business outcomes. Social security debt-related activity data is used to test the proposed approaches. The outcomes show that they are promising for information and security informatics (ISI) applications to identify impact-targeted activity patterns in imbalanced data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Given a transportation network having source nodes with evacuees and destination nodes, we want to find a contraflow network configuration (that is, ideal direction for each edge) to minimize the evacuation time. Contraflow lane reversal is considered a potential remedy to reduce congestion during evacuations in the context of homeland security and natural disasters (for example, hurricanes). This problem is computationally challenging because of the very large search space and the expense of calculating the evacuation time on a given network. To our knowledge, this paper presents the first macroscopic approaches for the solution of a contraflow network reconfiguration incorporating road capacity constraints, multiple sources, congestion, and scalability. We formally define the contraflow problem based on graph theory and provide a framework of computational structure to classify our approaches. A Greedy heuristic is designed to produce high-quality solutions with significant performance. A Bottleneck Relief heuristic is developed to deal with large numbers of evacuees. We evaluate the proposed approaches both analytically and experimentally using real-world data sets. Experimental results show that our contraflow approaches can reduce the evacuation time by 40 percent or more. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we leverage network coding (NC) to reduce the bandwidth consumption for data broadcast (DB). We use the concept of mixing in a different way from the traditional NC. Traditional NC mixes all data items together. However, we mix each data item from only some data items according to the queried and stored data of receivers. Therefore, each receiver in our approach is required to receive fewer coded data to decode the required information, and the sender, thereby, is able to broadcast fewer data items. We formulate an optimization problem with integer-linear programming to minimize the bandwidth consumption in DB. We prove that the problem is NP-hard and design an approximation algorithm that can be implemented in the data server. In addition, we show that different mixings of data items lead to different decoding costs for receivers. We design an algorithm to optimally code the data items with the minimum decoding cost. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Checking data possession in networked information systems such as those related to critical infrastructures (power facilities, airports, data vaults, defense systems, and so forth) is a matter of crucial importance. Remote data possession checking protocols permit checking that a remote server can access an uncorrupted file in such a way that the verifier does not need to know beforehand the entire file that is being verified. Unfortunately, current protocols only allow a limited number of successive verifications or are impractical from the computational point of view. In this paper, we present a new remote data possession checking protocol such that 1) it allows an unlimited number of file integrity verifications and 2) its maximum running time can be chosen at set-up time and traded off against storage at the verifier. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. The concepts of "divergent" and "convergent" research fields are utilised to discuss the strategy of introducing "turns" in information science. Method. This is a discussion paper which uses conceptual analyses in combination with a discussion of research ideals. Analysis. Information science is a divergent research field which includes many subfields with diverse perspectives. They are influenced by different schools of thought and when "turns" are introduced, there will be many attempting to turn the field in different directions. Results. Different turns have various implications for the research field. The metaphor of "the turn" is highly flexible and the research field can be bent in many different ways and in a more or less fundamental manner. The situation of information science being a relatively small research field, including many subdisciplines and perspectives serves as a setting for a divergent field with many turns in different directions. However, several ideas that address a more fundamental turn, that would make the field more convergent, is discussed in the article. Conclusions. An image of a stronger more convergent research field is often a hidden implication of a turn. Perhaps strategies of introducing different "turns" need to be connected to a position on what kind of research field information science should be. Do we want a field with many minor turns or do we want to move over to a more convergent research field and turn as one unit? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many applications require a randomized ordering of input data. Examples include algorithms for online aggregation, data mining, and various randomized algorithms. Most existing work seems to assume that accessing the records from a large database in a randomized order is not a difficult problem. However, it turns out to be extremely difficult in practice. Using existing methods, randomization is either extremely expensive at the front end (as data are loaded), or at the back end (as data are queried). This paper presents a simple file structure which supports both efficient, online random shuffling of a large database, as well as efficient online sampling or randomization Of the database when it is queried. The key innovation of our method is the introduction of a small degree of carefully controlled, rigorously monitored nonrandomness into the file. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An investigation of the development of Australian scientific and technological information (STI) service has been undertaken. It comprises a consideration of the characteristic and development of the services, which is the focus of this part of the paper, along with a broader examination of discipline formation in information management covered in Part II. This first part of the study provides an historical overview of the development of several of the services that were established in the 1970s. Specific reference is made to Australian Agriculture and Natural Resources Online (AANRO), the Australian Medical Index (AMI), Australian Nuclear Science & Technology Information (ANSTI) Australian Transport Index (ATRI), AusGeoref and its forerunner AESIS, and the Australian engineering database (ENGINE). The account includes a summary of the policy environment that influenced the development of database and which supported the original STI services. Some observations are made about STI publishing output from Australia, the way it is reported and how appropriate reporting and how appropriate reporting and documentation of that output might continue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents an alternative view of the Information Systems identity crisis described recently by Benbasat and Zmud (2003). We agree with many of their observations, but we are concerned with their prescription for IS research. We critique their discussion of errors of inclusion and exclusion in IS research and highlight the potential misinterpretations that are possible from a literal reading of their comments. Our conclusion is that following Benbasat and Zmud's nomological net will result in a micro focus for IS research. The results of such a focus are potentially dangerous for the field. They could result in the elimination of IS from many academic programs. We present an alternative set of heuristics that can be used to assess what lies within the domain of IS scholarship. We argue that the IS community has a powerful story to tell about the transformational impact of information technology. We believe that a significant portion of our research should be macro studies of the impact of IT. It is important for academic colleagues, deans, and managers to understand the transformational power of the technology. As IS researchers with deep knowledge of the underlying artifact, we are best positioned to do such research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we describe the practical aspects of extracting and using a glossary for a selected technical domain. We first describe the existing glossary extraction process, as applied to general corpora, and examine its shortcomings in the technical support domain. Then we propose a number of enhancements to it, including focusing the glossary on a selected domain context, providing support for multidomain glossaries, and importing domain-specific dictionaries. We apply our focused-glossary approach to the IBM Technical Support corpus and incorporate resulting glossaries within the information search and delivery system used by IBM Technical Support. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach by evaluating the quality of keywords and terms extracted from sample documents with the help of these glossaries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we present the architecture and describe the functionality of an Intelligent Tutoring System (ITS), which uses an expert system to make decisions during the teaching process. The expert system uses neurules for knowledge representation of the pedagogical knowledge. Neurules are a type of hybrid rules integrating symbolic rules with neurocomputing. The expert system consists of three components: the user modelling unit, the pedagogical unit and the inference system. The pedagogical knowledge is distributed in a number of neurule bases within the user modelling and the pedagogical unit. Another important component of the ITS, for both its development and maintenance, is its knowledge management unit, which provides knowledge acquisition and knowledge update capabilities to the system, that is, offers expert knowledge authoring capabilities to the system. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

This article develops reliability as a measure of information systems (IS) success based on the critical success factors (CSF). This paper constructs the hierarchical configuration of CSFs using Rockart's data on CSFs of IS executives, and checks the applicability of this configuration by using Martin's data. The article then derives IS reliability from the CSF configuration.
Reliability is a quantifiable measure useful in the control and management of IS. It provides an early warning about the quality of the IS, and identifies the areas where the trouble lies. Reliability can be used to compare various information systems, and as the numerical example in this article demonstrates, this measure could be used extensively in cost/benefit analyses of competing IS investment projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although planning is a crucial information management issue, it must be seen as only one facet of an organization's complete program for information technology management. Attention in this article is first directed toward understanding the larger management context within which planning activities are likely to transpire. The paper then describes a view of planning appropriate for the 1990's and identifies contributions from the information technology (IT) planning literature likely to facilitate IT planning efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rapid growth of end-user computing is a double-edged sword: it offers new opportunities for improving the effectiveness of organizations, but it also creates new risks for a firm's information resources. This paper describes an organized approach for effectively managing end-user computing. It is based on the definition of "service support levels" which link support services to responsibilities. These levels form the basis of a cooperative effort between the MIS department and the end user. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article describes the type of paper submissions that will be accepted by the program committee of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. There are four types of paper submissions: 1) contributed papers; 2) contributed posters and short papers; 3) symposia and panels; and, 4) pre-conference sessions. For instance, contributed papers present original, recent research and design projects, and theoretical developments or innovative practical applications providing more general insight into an area of practice.

Introduction. This paper reports the findings of an exploratory study investigating how and why a household takes charge of its information. The household has always been a place of information consumption and management. While much is known about the household as a consumer of media and adopter of technologies, little is known about how the household as a collectivity, as an information system, processes and manages the information it receives each day. Method. Twenty-eight householders in eleven Australian households were interviewed about their information practices at home and the information and information-related devices and services used by them were identified. Interviews were recorded and transcribed for analysis. Analysis. Data collection and analysis used Schatzman's dimensional analysis methodology. Interviews were analysed graphically to identify concepts and dimensions while four metrics were developed to measure the household information environment. Results. Household information practices emerge from the interaction of two enabling processes and nine dimensions of action. Conclusions. Household information practices represent a negotiated order for processing and managing information in a household. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article provides an overview of the American Society for Information Science and Technology (ASIS&T) bulletin special section. It is noted that this international section is dedicated to Susan O'Neil Johnson who has enormous contribution to ASIS&T's efforts in reaching out librarians and information professionals. She helped institutionalize the InfoShare Program of Special Interest Group/International Information Issues (SIG/III). She is the co-founder of the SIG/III International Paper Contest and worked to initiate its travel grant program. This section also includes visions from a globalized society, ASIS&T International Relations Committee Report, Survey of European Information Scientists and Global Information Resources.