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Aim: This study aimed to determine the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of male nurses towards human papillomavirus (HPV) and HPV vaccination and to examine whether knowledge about the HPV vaccine affects attitudes and beliefs about HPV vaccines. Background: HPV is responsible for ≈5% of all cancers worldwide. Therefore, vaccination against HPV is recommended to prevent HPV infections and HPV‐related cancers in men and women. Methods: The study group included 383 male nurses who were asked to complete online questionnaires. The data were collected using the following tools: a sociodeomographical characteristics form, the Human Papillomavirus Knowledge Scale (HPVKS), and The Carolina HPV Immunization Attitudes and Beliefs Scale (CHIAS). Results: It was determined that the general HPV knowledge of the male nurses participating in the study was at a moderate level, but their knowledge of HPV screening test, HPV vaccination, and current HPV vaccination programmes were at a low level. Male nurses' HPV vaccination rates were relatively low, and most of them did not intend to be vaccinated. In addition, CHIAS Attitudes and Beliefs scores of the male nurses were at an average level and HPV knowledge affected the attitudes and beliefs of the nurses. Conclusion: These results demonstrate an opportunity to improve information and awareness about HPV and vaccines by nursing education. Summary statement: What is already known about the topic? Although HPV vaccination is recommended to prevent HPV infections and HPV‐related cancers in men and women, vaccination rates are far behind the target, especially for men. What this paper adds? Findings showed that male nurses' HPV vaccination rates were relatively low.Male nurses' knowledge about HPV and HPV vaccine was not sufficient.HPV knowledge affected the attitudes and beliefs of these male nurses. The implications of this paper: Nurses need to be aware of the HPV vaccine during their undergraduate education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) remains high worldwide in today's society, especially among young people. Youth education on STDs could help to reduce the prevalence of the condition in society and prevent new cases. Aim: The aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness of peer‐based short‐form educational videos on youths' knowledge of STDs. Methods: This quasi‐experimental study was conducted in Turkey. The sample consisted of 121 students divided into experimental and control groups. Pre‐ and post‐test control group quasi‐experimental research design was employed in this study during the spring semester of the academic year 2021–2022. Peer‐based short‐form educational videos created by nursing students were used as an intervention. The survey form and Sexually Transmitted Disease Knowledge Questionnaire were used to collect data. Results: Participants with parental responsibilities and had previous STD experience had higher knowledge score than the other subgroups. There was a significant main effect of peer‐based short‐form educational video on participants overall knowledge score of STDs. Additionally, the effect of intervention continued at 12‐week follow‐up measurement. Conclusion: Peer‐based short‐form educational videos increase young people's knowledge of STD, and the impact of the intervention continued at 12‐week follow up. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? Sexually transmitted diseases continue to be prevalent in society, particularly among young people.Sexually transmitted diseases can lead to serious health conditions and have a significant impact on sexual and reproductive health.The effectiveness of internet‐based education and lectures on sexually transmitted diseases has already been investigated.Little research has been addressed to determine the impact of educational materials, which are short videos on knowledge of sexually transmitted diseases created by utilizing nursing students' peer assessment. What this paper adds? Peer‐based short‐form educational videos increase young people's sexually transmitted disease knowledge.People with parental responsibilities and a previous sexually transmitted infections responded to interventions more favourably.The effects of peer‐based short‐form educational videos persisted 3 months afterwards. The implications for this paper: This cost‐free method has a potential to be widely used as a public health intervention to educate young people on sexually transmitted diseases.The peer‐based short‐form educational videos can be combined with other interventions to increase young people's knowledge of sexually transmitted diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Studies of the effects of COVID‐19, especially post‐acute COVID‐19 syndrome, on psychological health in non‐severe cases are limited. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence and associated risk factors of psychological symptoms, and quality‐of‐life in three groups of outpatients, hospitalized and intensive care patients. Methods: A total 276 patients, previously confirmed with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, attending the COVID‐19 follow‐up outpatient clinic from December 2020 to July 2021 were interviewed face‐to‐face. In this cross‐sectional, retrospective study, all participants were asked our self‐designed demographic and screening questions to assess their psychological symptoms and administered the WHQOOL‐BREF survey to evaluate quality of life. Results: In screening questions, major depressive disorder symptoms were detected at a rate of 20.3%, generalized anxiety disorder symptoms at a rate of 16.7%, panic attack symptoms at a rate of 10.9%, post‐traumatic stress disorder symptoms at a rate of 28.6% and obsessive‐compulsive disorder symptoms at a rate of 18.1%. The outpatient group with COVID‐19 infection had a higher risk of developing psychological symptoms and decreased quality of life. Conclusion: COVID‐19 infection was found to have a considerable psychological impact on those treated as outpatients despite the less severe course of their illness. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? Post‐intensive care syndrome affects physical, cognitive and psychological health.It is associated with symptoms such as generalized weakness, memory disturbances, cognitive function impairment, depression, anxiety and post‐traumatic stress disorder.Some physical and psychological symptoms persist for over 12 weeks in some patients and have been classified as 'Post‐acute COVID‐19 Condition or Syndrome' (PCS). What this paper adds? At the post‐acute‐COVID‐19 period, a considerable number of outpatients with COVID‐19 infection were at higher risk for psychological distress symptoms than those who had been treated in the hospital or intensive care unit.Depression, anxiety, panic disorder and PTSD symptoms were found to be higher in outpatients and those with these symptoms were also shown to have a lower quality of life.Our findings highlight the significant psychological impact of COVID‐19 on patients, even after their reported recovery from the acute manifestations of this disease. The implications of this paper: Ongoing psychological symptoms in the post‐COVID period are not associated with the severity of the disease in the acute phase.It is important that healthcare professionals are equally concerned not only with physical condition of post‐COVID‐19 patients but also with their psychological state and the patient's psychology‐related quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of motivational interviewing based on the trans‐theoretical model promoting physical activity in older adults. Methods: A randomized controlled trial study was conducted with 117 older adults (intervention group: 58, and control group: 59) between April and November 2019. The data were collected via a questionnaire, trans‐theoretical model scales, the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly, the Katz Activities of Daily Living scale and a pedometer. The 24‐week intervention consisted of regular motivational interviewing. The control group received usual care at the family health centre. Results: Following the intervention, the Intervention Group showed significant improvements Exercise Processes of Change Scale, Exercise Self‐Efficacy Scale and Perceived Benefits of the Decisional Balance Scale for Exercise. There was a significant difference between the groups in terms of stages of change. In the Intervention Group, 81.5% were in the contemplation stage in the pre‐test, while in the post‐test, 70.4% had transitioned to the action stage. In contrast, in the control group, 62.5% were in the contemplation stage initially, but in the post‐test, only 9.3% had reached the action stage. The mean number of step counts increased significantly in favour of the Intervention Group, as did the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly total score. Conclusion: The trial indicated that after the trans‐theoretical model‐based motivational interviewing, the stages of change among the older adults improved, as did their exercise behaviours. It is recommended that the trans‐theoretical model and motivational interviewing be used by nurses to improve healthy lifestyle stage behaviours in older adults. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? Physical immobility ranks fourth among the leading risk factors for mortality globally.Older adults constitute the age group which leads the most sedentary life in society and is most affected by physical inactivity.In Turkey, one out of every two people undertakes insufficient physical activity, and this rate increases with advancing age. What this paper adds? Nurse‐led motivational interviewing based on the trans‐theoretical model was effective in increasing the physical activity levels of the older adults. The implications of this paper: It is recommended that the trans‐theoretical model and motivational interviewing should be used by nurses to improve healthy lifestyle behaviours in older adults.It is recommended that studies be conducted to assess the effectiveness of interventions aimed at promoting physical activity in older adults via both qualitative and quantitative methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This work aims to evaluate the relationship between the fear of hypoglycaemia, treatment adherence, and the quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its determinants. Methods: This descriptive and cross‐sectional study sample recruited 1060 T2DM outpatients in a health centre between January and July 2022. The Hypoglycemia Fear Survey (HFS), Type 2 DM Treatment Patient Compliance Scale, and the 5‐Level EuroQol 5‐Dimension (EQ‐5D‐5L) were used for data collection. Results: There was a positive correlation between age, duration of T2DM, and the scores obtained from the HFS and its subscales (p < 0.001). There was a positive, moderate correlation between the total HFS score and the TCS (p < 0.001). There was a negative correlation between the scores obtained from the HFS and the EQ‐5D‐5L (p < 0.001). The multiple regression analysis showed that the quality of life scores of the patients were significantly predicted by hypoglycaemia fear, duration of T2DM diagnosis, and age. (F = 91.691, p < 0.001). Hypoglycaemia fear, duration of T2DM diagnosis, and age explained 38.1% of the quality of life of patients. Conclusion: We determined that the increase in hypoglycaemia fear resulted in a decrease in treatment adherence. Besides, hypoglycaemia fear increased with increasing age and duration of T2DM diagnosis. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? In a limited literature, it has been reported that patients with diabetes experience hypoglycaemia fear. However, almost all of these studies focus on the hypoglycaemia fear in type 1 diabetes mellitus patients. What this paper adds? There was a positive correlation between the level of treatment adherence and hypoglycaemia fear in patients with T2DM. It was observed that adherence with treatment declined because of the increased fear of hypoglycaemia in patients with T2DM.Hypoglycaemia fear increased with increasing age and duration of T2DM diagnosis.Hypoglycaemia fear, duration of T2DM diagnosis, and age explained 38.1% of the quality of life scores of patients. The implications of this paper: This study reveals a new perspective on hypoglycaemia fear, treatment adherence, and the quality of life scores in patients with T2DM and its determinants.In nursing practice, it was determined that it is important to control hypoglycaemia fears to increase the treatment adherence and quality of life of T2DM patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The Turkish and Syrian earthquake on February 6th 2023, was one of the deadliest earthquakes in the last decade. It affected approximately 26 million people and left at least 50.000 dead. In this paper, we analyzed the psychological impact and the relationship between mental health factors, earthquake-related experiences and stressors, and resources related to the earthquake, 4 months after the event. Methods: We conducted an analytical cross-sectional study, applying a survey to 320 adults (18–93 years old) in Adiyaman, Turkey. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms were assessed using the PC-PTSD, general psychiatric morbidity using the GHQ-12, together with questions focusing on suicidality, drug abuse, as well as experiences, related stressors and received support related to the earthquake. Results: We found a high prevalence of general mental health symptoms, and of PTSD. Fear of aftershocks and the loss of close family members were found to be risk factors for such symptoms. We didn't find significant differences in the GHQ or the PC-PTSD scores when considering ethnicity, religion or financial income. Conclusions: High levels of general mental health symptoms and PTSD symptoms were found 4 months after the earthquake and need to be addressed in all groups, independently from potential religious, social or ethnic backgrounds. The results indicate a large psychiatric and material burden on the entire sample and some priority needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: In middle-aged individuals with early-stage knee osteoarthritis, follow-up with remote rehabilitation methods may provide effective clinical outcomes. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of telerehabilitation on pain, function, performance, strength, proprioception, and psychosocial parameters in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Design: A randomized controlled study was conducted with 54 participants with knee osteoarthritis. All patients were randomized into two groups: the home-based telerehabilitation group (n = 29) and the home-based paper group (n = 28). The home exercise program and training were provided with an instruction manual to paper group. The same home exercise and education prescriptions were given to individuals in telerehabilitation group via an online platform. Pain, function, quality of life, physical performance, muscle strength, and proprioception were evaluated at baseline and after 8 wks of intervention. In addition, satisfaction and usability were evaluated at week 8. Results: Telerehabilitation group demonstrated better improvement in terms of pain, function, quality of life index score, and left extremity proprioception (P < 0.05). Telerehabilitation group was not superior to paper group in terms of muscle strength and performance tests (except the Five Times Sit to Stand Test) (P > 0.05). Conclusions: The home-based telerehabilitation program was superior to the home-based paper group program for pain, function, quality of life, and proprioception in patients with knee osteoarthritis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Communication of people with Parkinson's disease (PwPD) is negatively affected. For PwPD with communication difficulties, it is important to use self‐assessment tools as a primary assessment approach to evaluate their perspectives on communication. It is also important to evaluate PwPDs with self‐assessment scales in order to determine in which situations their communicative effectiveness is affected and to include them in the intervention plan. Aims: To create a Turkish version of the Communicative Effectiveness Survey‐Revised (CES‐R), to examine its validity and reliability, and to investigate its applicability in PwPD. Method: The study included 106 PwPD and 106 healthy participants. The original form of the CES‐R was adapted into Turkish according to international guidelines. Every participant completed the Turkish version of CES‐R and the Voice Handicap Index‐10 form. The adapted scale was retested 2 weeks later. Outcomes and Results: Because the Kaiser‐Meyer‐Olkin coefficient was 0.956 in the exploratory factor analysis of the CES‐R and p < 0.01 for Bartlett's Test, the data set is 'perfectly' suitable for factor analysis. In the explanatory factor analysis applied in the CES‐R scale, the total explanatory ratio of the two dimensions was determined as 63.5%, and the validity condition was met. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.958 in the PwPD group and 0.955 in the control group and the scale was found to be at the 'high reliability' level. Conclusion: The CES‐R is a valid, reliable, and useable self‐assessment scale for Turkish PwPD. Furthermore, this adaptation research was developed to assess possible communication difficulties for PwPD. With this tool, difficulties in communication skills that can be identified by a comprehensive evaluation should also be studied in the intervention processes. What this paper adds: What is already known on the subject: Self‐assessment tools are suggested as a primary use when evaluating people with Parkinson's disease (PwPD) with communication difficulties. The CES‐R is one of these self‐assessment scales. However, the validity and reliability study of the Communicative Effectiveness Survey‐Revised (CES‐R) in Turkish has not been conducted. What this paper adds to existing knowledge: This study demonstrates the validity and reliability of the Turkish CES‐R scale and its applicability to PwPD. Furthermore, this scale can be used in assessment procedures for possible communication difficulties for PwPD. What are the potential or actual clinical implications of this work?: The scale, which is unidimensional in the literature, was found to have two dimensions with eigenvalues > 1 in the Discovery Factor analysis in this study. The first dimension was named communication in general situations (CGS) and the second dimension was named communication in difficult situations (CDS). It is thought that this scale will be useful in research and clinics for the comprehensive assessment of PwPD with communication difficulties before and after treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although leisure constraints that individuals have to cope with can negatively affect their social inclusion and satisfaction with life, little research has addressed the link between these variables. Therefore, the current paper examined the moderator role of leisure constraints on the relationship between satisfaction with life and leisure constraints among adults living in five different European countries. The respondents were 1,382 women and 877 men adults. The findings of analysis revealed that all factors used in the study accounted for 15% of the variance in satisfaction with life and social inclusion had a significant and positive impact on satisfaction with life. As a result, it can be said that leisure constraints had a moderating effect on the relationship between satisfaction with life and social inclusion. The present research study recommends that social inclusion should be encouraged through decreasing to leisure constraints to increase the life satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: There are deficiencies in ensuring the permanence of some theoretical information taught in nursing education and transferring it to practice environment. Mobile‐assisted teaching can be useful to eliminate deficiencies. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of mobile‐assisted teaching on nursing students' learning ventrogluteal injection. Methodology: The study was conducted in Turkey between February and June 2022. This study is a single group pre‐posttest intervention. The study sample consisted of 354 students studying in the 2nd, 3rd and 4th grades in Turkey. After the students completed the Introductory Characteristics Form and Ventrogluteal Region Information Suggestion Form in the pre‐test, the researchers sent a ventrogluteal injection animation video to their mobile phones. The students who watched the video completed the Ventrogluteal Region Information Suggestion Form and Mobile Education Activity Form in the final test. Results and Conclusion: There was a statistically significant difference between the pre‐posttest score medians of the students (p < 0.001). While the preference of the students for the ventrogluteal region in intramuscular injection was 28.5% before mobile learning, it increased to 51.1% after the training. In this study, after the training given through mobile learning, the knowledge level of the students about ventrogluteal injection and their preferences for ventrogluteal injection increased. In line with these results, mobile‐assisted education should be used in nursing education. Lay Description: What is already known about this topicDue to the high number of students per teaching staff in Turkey, it takes time for the theoretical education of the students to turn into practice.It is recommended that students prefer and use the ventrogluteal (VG) region for intramuscular drug injection.The students had difficulties because the nurses guiding them in clinical practice did not use the VG area.There are difficulties in applying the VG region injection in practice. What this paper addsMobile‐based intramuscular injection skill application increased the knowledge level of the students.Mobile applications make it easier to remember the learned information and apply it in the clinic. Implications for practice and/or policyMobile applications demonstrating skill practice provide a resource for nursing students to watch and learn whenever they want.It ensures that the student is always ready for invasive procedures to be performed on the patient in the clinic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the Syrian crisis has reached its 10th year, this paper explores posttraumatic growth and the related factors among Syrian refugees in Turkey, with the aim of having a better understanding of the predictors of PTG and the risk factors that may play a role in the inhibition of the growth. In this cross-sectional study, 217 displaced Syrian refugees completed the Post Traumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI), Harvard Trauma Questionnaire (HTQ), Brief COPE, General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES), PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5), and sociodemographic information form by a self-reported online survey. Risk and protective factors were associated in bivariate analysis with growth p<0.05 and were retained in multiple regression models to control the confounders. Participants' 60.7% were females, and the mean age was 32.6± 9.4 years. Growth was found to be highest in the Personal Strengths, New Possibilities and Appreciation of Life, Relating to Others, and Spiritual Change. While the consistency of job education, economic status, education level, number of children, level of self-efficacy, level of Turkish, active coping style, religious coping, and self-distraction (p<0.05) were protective factors, the number of traumatic events, and the PTSD symptoms and self-blame were risk factors (p<0.05) in multiple analysis. However, no significant relationship was found for the variables of marital status, taking support, self-distraction, emotional and instrumental support, positive reframing, planning, cultural perception, working type, and age (p>0.05). In conclusion, the findings have provided valuable insight into the domains of the growth among Syrian refugees and discussed both clinical and research-based future recommendations that could be made to improve the mental health of the refugees based on the obtained results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Flipped classroom (FC) model has become increasingly popular in dental education (DE) with its strengths for students. However, major concerns are lack of interaction, unwillingness to complete the assignments, low engagement during the pre‐class activities because of an unwell‐designed instructional setting of FC. Objectives: The recent study aims to investigate the effects of video‐driven discussions integrated into the flipped classroom (VdDs‐FC) model on dental students' (DSs) learning achievement, practical performance, and higher‐order thinking skills in a restorative dentistry course. Methods: This study adopted a sequential explanatory design from mixed‐methods research. A total of 96 DSs participated in a dentistry faculty of Türkiye. They were randomly divided into two groups: VdDs‐FC group and the conventional flipped classroom (c‐FC) group. Results and conclusions: The results showed that the VdDs‐FC model had significant positive effects on the practical performance of DSs in practical subjects and their problem‐solving and critical thinking skills. However, there was no significant difference between the two groups in learning achievement and creativity. The use of FC in the c‐FC group did not lead to any difference in the students' achievements. Moreover, the qualitative results indicated that the VdDs‐FC model has the potential for enhancing peer learning, practical classroom activities, and higher‐order thinking skills. Implications: This study also includes several instructional implications and suggestions for educators, researchers, and practitioners on use of FC in dentistry. Lay Description: What is already known about this topic: Flipped learning has become a rapidly growing area of dentistry research.Discussion board could be beneficial to increasing dental students' higher order thinking skills, especially problem solving and critical thinking.Video‐driven discussions into flipped classroom provide several opportunities for practical performance in dental education, not for theoretical knowledge. What this paper adds: Video‐driven discussions into flipped classroom model is proposed.We compared two learning environments by including traditional flipped classroom.We found that the integrated model with flipped classroom can have a positive impact on students' achievement.Online discussions usage contributed to higher cognitive, affective, and behavioural learning outcomes.Based on interview data, the proposed model supports peer learning. Implications for practice and/or policy: Dental educators should integrated the digital discussion boards as out‐of‐class activities in the pre‐clinical dental training.From dental educators' perspective, they should be carefully trained in FC design (interaction elements, material design, integration with different methods, etc.).From instructional design perspective, micro videos should have case‐based or problem‐based activities to discuss.From learner perspective, an integration of the flipped classroom with different technologies could have a positive effect on increasing learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of web‐based patient education on anxiety in patients scheduled for thyroid surgery. A secondary aim was to evaluate the patients' postoperative recovery outcomes. Design: This study is a randomized controlled trial. Method: The study was conducted at a university hospital in Turkey between September 2018 and May 2019 with 76 patients scheduled for thyroidectomy surgery and randomly assigned into two groups. Patients in the intervention group received web‐based education, while those in the control group were given only routine care. Measurements were performed before surgery, on the day of surgery, and 1 week after discharge. Results: On the day of surgery, intervention group anxiety levels were lower than those of the control group, and the majority of early recovery parameters were significantly better in the intervention group than in the control group. One week after discharge, the intervention group patients' anxiety levels were significantly lower. Web‐based education had no impact on pain, time in the operating room, readmission to the hospital after discharge, or length of hospitalization. Conclusions: Nurse‐led web‐based education reduced patients' anxiety regarding surgery. The results also show that it may improve postoperative early recovery. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? Preoperative anxiety can be associated with numerous symptoms, and recovery time may be prolonged but preoperative information is effective in reducing patient anxiety and hastening early recovery.Nurses have active roles in patient education and the information given by the nurse during preparation for surgery process can positively impact patient health outcomes.As technology has advanced, methods used by patients for acquiring information have changed, and written materials have been replaced by online platforms. What this paper adds? Nurse‐led patient education can exert positive effects on surgical patients.Web‐based education reduces patients' anxiety about surgery compared with the traditional approach. The implications of this paper: Nurse‐led web‐based patient education can be a useful method for reducing patients' anxiety and improving early recovery.Nurses can use this research to develop innovative approaches to the education of perioperative patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of solution‐focussed education and counselling on problematic internet usage, sleep quality and school achievement. Methods: This randomized controlled trial was conducted between January ‐ December 2016 with 44 adolescents who participated in a solution‐focussed intervention to address their problematic internet usage and poor sleep quality. After the intervention, the teens were followed up for 6 months to measure problematic Internet usage, sleep quality and school achievement using the Internet Addiction Test, Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index, Parent–Child Internet Addiction Scale and the students' end‐of‐term school grades. Data were analysed in Statistical Package for the Social Sciences programme using Chi‐square test, Independent t test, Man–Whitney U test, Friedman test and Spearman correlation analysis. Results: The median Internet Addiction Test and Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index scores of the adolescents in the intervention group were significantly lower than those of the controls (P < 0.05), and there was a positive and moderate association between problematic Internet usage and sleep quality in both groups after the follow‐up (r = 0.537, P = 0.010; r = 0.576 P = 0.005). Conclusion: The education and counselling intervention decreased problematic Internet usage and increased sleep quality. There was also an improvement in school achievement, but the difference was not significant. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? Problematic internet usage is a common public health problem among adolescents, and it affects their physical, social and academic lives.There are some studies in the literature on the prevalence and treatment of problematic internet usage, but there are few on preventing its occurrence.Strengths‐based approaches in adolescent interventions encourage active learning. What this paper adds? A solution‐focussed approach was used for the first time in adolescents to prevent and manage problematic internet usage and accompanying problems.A programme of solution‐focussed health education and counselling was found to be an effective intervention for preventing problematic internet usage and some accompanying problems in adolescents. The implications of this paper: For the prevention and management of problematic internet usage school nurses should screen young adolescents for Internet addiction symptoms and accompanying problems.Nurses must have the benefit of multiple approaches to systematize health care in fulfilling their school health responsibilities.Health education programmes administered by school nurses to address Internet addiction in students can be based on solution‐focussed approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The COVID‐19 pandemic and restrictions imposed to eradicate it have affected healthy lifestyle‐related behaviours. Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of COVID‐19 on lifestyle‐related behaviours. Methods: This cross‐sectional web‐based survey research was performed with a convenience sample of 1020 adults residing in Turkey. Data were collected with self‐report data collection tools on 8–28 April 2021: a sociodemographic characteristics form and the impact of COVID‐19 on lifestyle‐related behaviours questionnaire. Results: Eating behaviours, physical activity and sleep patterns of the participants were negatively affected during COVID‐19 pandemic (p < 0.001). More than half of the participants experienced weight gain during the pandemic. Also, stress levels and smoking increased (p < 0.01). The participants reported having changes in their lifestyles most frequently due to the fear of COVID‐19 infection, stress, decreased motivation, closure of the facilities for social and sports activities and increased food prices. Predictors of lifestyle‐related behaviours were found to be education (β =.189), income (β = −.101), residing in a village (β =.113) and the presence of a chronic disease (β =.075) (p < 0.001). Conclusions: During the pandemic, COVID‐19‐related restrictions should be applied whilst taking account of both social distancing measures and maintenance of healthy lifestyle‐related behaviours. Nurses should offer counselling for maintenance of healthy lifestyle‐related behaviours. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? Studies performed at the beginning and during the course of COVID‐19 pandemic in different countries have shown that lifestyle‐related behaviours are negatively affected.Few studies have used a valid and reliable tool to determine the effect of COVID‐19 on lifestyle‐related behaviours.The effect of COVID‐19 on lifestyle‐related behaviours has not been examined from a nursing perspective. What this paper adds? In the present study, which was performed at a time when night curfews and weekend shutdowns were imposed in Turkey, lifestyles of the participants were found to be negatively affected.More than half of the participants gained weight and had increased stress and smoking and a decreased sleep quality.The negative effect on lifestyle‐related behaviours was more severe in participants with low education and income levels, living in a village and suffering from a chronic disease. The implications of this paper: Restrictions introduced during the pandemic should both take account of social distancing measures and allow healthy lifestyle‐related behaviours.Nurses playing a role in first line health care services should offer education and counselling for maintenance of healthy lifestyle‐related behaviours by utilizing information and communication technology (e.g., video calls). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: We aimed to examine the frequency, reasons, correlates and predictors of missed nursing care in Turkey. Methods: This descriptive and cross‐sectional study sample consisted of 1310 nurses working in inpatient units of 10 public, university and private hospitals in Istanbul. Data were collected using the Nursing Teamwork Survey‐Turkish and the MISSCARE Survey‐Turkish between February and June 2019. Descriptive analysis, parametric comparative analysis, correlational analysis and regression analysis were used to analyse the data. Results: The total occurrence of missed nursing care was 2.93 (on a scale of 1.00–4.00), which differed across 21 nursing care elements. The most frequently missed care was turning patients every 2 hours. Multiple regression analysis determined that nurses' tenure in the profession, patient–nurse ratio, days absent in the last 3 months and nursing teamwork significantly affected missed nursing care. Nursing teamwork alone accounted for 23.6% of the variance in missed nursing care. Conclusions: The level of missed nursing care was found to be high, and labour resources issues were the most important reason. Nurse professionals should apply interventions to improve nurses' work environment factors such as patient–nurse ratio and nursing teamwork to reduce the incidence of missed nursing care. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? Missed nursing care is a globally common patient safety issue that threatens quality nursing care.Although there are many studies from different countries in the international literature on missed nursing care, studies on this subject in Turkey have been limited. What this paper adds? Missed nursing care correlated with age, tenure in hospital, tenure in unit, weekly work hours, satisfied in current position, satisfaction with being a nurse, satisfaction with salary, technological, educational and career opportunities of the hospital, satisfaction with the level of teamwork in the unit, and satisfaction with support of first‐line nurse manager.Nurses' tenure in the profession, patient–nurse ratios, days absent in the last 3 months and nursing teamwork significantly affected missed nursing care. The implications of this paper: Strategies to improve nurses' work environment characteristics, especially teamwork, should be organized to prevent or reduce missed nursing care.Hospital administrators and nurse managers should address levels of missed nursing care through balancing patient–nurse ratios, providing adequate human and material resources, increasing technological, educational, and career opportunities of hospitals, meeting nurses' needs and providing support and performing activities to reduce absenteeism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we explore the role of the Covid-19 outbreak on the well-being of healthcare employees (HE) in Turkey by adopting a survey method with 680 (188 men and 492 women) participants. Our results indicate that both the outbreak negatively affects the well-being of HE, and women face more levels of fear, negative feelings and violence than men. Within the context of this research, we contribute to the literature by considering the changing living conditions in the outbreak and adopting a comprehensive approach to reveal sub-level of well-being as subjective and psychological well-being rather than focusing on only mental health like previous studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Substance use disorder is a growing health problem all over the world. The coexistence of substance misuse, affective temperaments, and emotion dysregulation has not been studied sufficiently. The present study aimed to evaluate the role of affective temperaments and emotion dysregulation on substance use disorder. The Emotion Dysregulation and Affective Temperaments in Opioid Use Disorder study was designed observational. This paper presents only the baseline assessments of the patient and control groups. One-year remission rates of the patients' group will be reported elsewhere after 1-year follow-up. Sixty-seven patients with opioid use disorder and 68 healthy controls enrolled. All participants were administered to The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5, Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris, San Diego Autoquestionnaire, Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale, Beck Anxiety Inventory, and Beck Depression Inventory. Patients with opioid use disorder had higher scores from all temperamental scales and showed higher difficulties on emotion regulation than the control group. Even controlling the confounding effects of anxiety and depression levels, dysthymic and anxious temperament scores were found correlated with the emotion dysregulation score in the patient group. The emotional traits (i.e., affective temperaments) and emotion regulation abilities play a crucial role in substance use disorder. While managing substance use disorder, being aware of affective temperament characteristics and/or interventions to improve emotion regulation skills may be helpful. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate psychosocial, demographic and obstetric factors that affect health practices in pregnancy. Methods: This cross‐sectional study was conducted with pregnant women selected by using random sampling in a public hospital in Turkey. The pregnant women (n = 383) completed the Health Practices Questionnaire in Pregnancy, the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, the Beck Anxiety Inventory and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. Multiple linear regression was used to examine predictors of participation in health practices. The variables were subjected to multiple linear regression analysis to estimate the effect of each independent variable (depression, anxiety, perceived social support, age, educational level, gestational week and parity) on the dependent variable (health practices). Results: Depression and anxiety were not significantly related to gestational health practices. The multiple linear regression model showed that inadequate social support, low education level, early gestational week and high parity were significant predictors of nonengagement in favourable health practices during pregnancy. Conclusions: Pregnant women with inadequate social support and specific demographic and obstetric characteristics are less likely to participate in gestational health practices. This study suggests that more attention should be paid to these groups to improve the health practices of pregnant women. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? There are significant effects of health practices in pregnancy on maternal, fetal and newborn health.Some maternal factors may be associated with adverse health practices. What this paper adds? Social support was a significant predictor of gestational health practices.Low education level, early gestational week and high parity were predictors of nonengagement in favourable health practices during pregnancy.Depression and anxiety were not significantly related to gestational health practices. The implications of this paper: Health‐care professionals should be aware of psychological factors related to gestational health practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This study examined the relationship between health literacy and self‐care behaviours among individuals with type 2 diabetes and whether the association is mediated by patient engagement. Methods: This cross‐sectional study was conducted between November 2019 and September 2020. The sample consisted of 218 participants with type 2 diabetes, older than 18 years old, applying to two endocrine outpatient clinics in Turkey. Multiple regression analyses were performed to identify the relationship between health literacy and self‐care behaviours. The Sobel test method was used to examine the mediation role of patient engagement. Results: Sample characteristics included mean age of 53.7 years, 57.3% were female and the mean A1C was 7.8%. The regression equation analyses demonstrated that health literacy (β = 0.219, P < 0.05) and patient engagement (β = 2.844, P < 0.05) significantly predicted diabetes self‐care behaviours. Patient engagement served a mediational role in the association of health literacy and self‐care behaviours (z value = 2.049, P < 0.02). Conclusion: Given the relationship between health literacy and diabetes self‐care behaviours, the patient engagement concept presented a practical insight into the applicability of health‐related information. Clinicians are recommended to consider patients' health literacy and engagement levels while planning customized interventions to facilitate diabetes management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This study was conducted to determine media use, positive and negative emotions, and stress levels of adults during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Background: Using media tools in the pandemic process has impacted the mental health of individuals. As the COVID‐19 outbreak is a new disease fear, anxiety and stress about this situation can cause strong emotions in adults. Methods: The research was carried out using a cross‐sectional design. The sample consisted of 1541 adults. The Positive and Negative Emotion Scale, and the Perceived Stress Scale were used to collect the data. Results: The Positive Emotion Scale mean scores were lower (p < 0.05) for those people whose daily media use time was more than 4 h and who followed the developments about COVID‐19 through the media once a day. It was found that those with daily media use of more than 4 h/day had higher Perceived Stress Scale scores than those with lower use (p > 0.05). Conclusion: This study concluded that the use of media in adults increased during the COVID‐19 outbreak and that media use was associated with positive and negative emotions and stress levels. Health professionals should assess the effect of the COVID‐19 outbreak on mental health in various community groups and develop interventions to prevent negative consequences of increased media use. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? The mental health of adults in the community has been affected due to the unexpected COVID‐19 pandemic.The media use of adults staying at home during the pandemic has increased.The relationships between increasing media use and mental health needs during the COVID‐19 pandemic are yet to be revealed. What this paper adds? The positive emotion scores of adults with greater use of media tools during the COVID‐19 pandemic were lower.During the COVID‐19 pandemic, age, gender, education level, marital status, employment and income level affected the mean scores of negative emotions and perceived stress.The frequency by which people followed the developments regarding COVID‐19 from the media during the day was related to their emotional state. The implications of this paper Demonstrating that various characteristics of adults are related to mental health during the pandemic will guide researchers and policy makers for mental health promotion practices.The relationship between the frequency of use of media tools and positive emotions during the pandemic emphasizes the importance of providing reliable and sufficient information to individuals during the pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This research aimed to determine predictors of COVID‐19 preventive behaviours in a sample of the Turkish population. Methods: The study was conducted with 575 individuals. COVID‐19 preventive behaviours were evaluated with a 19‐item scale scored from 19 to 95. Knowledge on COVID‐19 was evaluated with a 22‐item scale scored from 0 to 22. General health literacy was evaluated with the Turkey Health Literacy Scale (THLS), which was scored from 0 to 50. Results: The average COVID‐19 preventive behaviours score was moderately high in this sample of the Turkish population. Being female, having a higher level of education, better economic status, being a non‐smoker, having a higher level of COVID‐19 knowledge and better general health literacy score were significant predictors of COVID‐19 preventive behaviours (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge of COVID‐19 and general health literacy are crucial in preventing COVID‐19 infections in a sample of the Turkish population. Summary statement: What is already known about the topic? To reduce the risk of transmission and prevent the spread of the COVID‐19, it is necessary to comply with COVID‐19 preventive behaviours.Sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge of COVID‐19 and general health literacy are crucial in preventing the COVID‐19 disease. What does this paper add? COVID‐19 preventive behaviours scored moderately high among a sample of the Turkish population.Being female, having higher level of education, better economic status, being a non‐smoker, having higher level of knowledge about COVID‐19 and better general health literacy are significant predictors of COVID‐19 preventive behaviours in a sample of the Turkish population, accounting for 22.4% of the variance in COVID‐19 preventive behaviours. The implications of this paper: Attempts should be made to increase the COVID‐19 knowledge and health literacy to increase COVID‐19 preventive behaviours among the Turkish population.In particular, attempts should be made to increase the COVID‐19 preventive behaviours for men, individuals with low education and poor economic conditions, and smokers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of health education on prevention of low back pain for health caregivers and cleaning workers. Background: Low back pain is a common health problem in the workplace. Health education is important in the prevention and recurrence of low back pain. Methods: A quasi‐experimental design with a pre‐test and post‐test control group was used. The population of the study consisted of health caregivers and cleaning workers working in a university hospital in Turkey. A total of 120 participants, 60 in the intervention group and 60 in the control group, were included in the study. Data were collected between October 2016 and April 2017. A questionnaire, the Oswestry Low Back Pain Scale and the Knowledge Evaluation Form were used to collect data. Health education was given to the intervention group. Results: Following the health education, the mean scores of the Oswestry Low Back Pain Scale in the intervention group were significantly lower than the control group and had a larger effect size. Conclusion: This study provides evidence for the effectiveness of health education in the prevention of low back pain in health caregivers and cleaning workers. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? Low back pain is an important public health problem and causes loss of labour, long diagnostic and therapeutic processes and consequently high costs.Health caregivers or cleaning workers are at high risk for developing low back pain due to heavy working conditions.Health education could be used in the prevention of low back pain and its recurrence. What this paper adds? This study reveals that health education for low back pain may be effective in increasing knowledge about prevention and reduction of low back pain in health caregivers and cleaning workers.This is the first study that investigates the impact of health education on low back pain in health caregivers or cleaning workers. The implications of this paper: The findings of the current study indicate that nurses as educators and counsellors have remarkable impacts on preventing low back pain in health caregivers and cleaning workers.Nurses should consider individual risk factors when planning health education to prevent low back pain in health caregivers and cleaning workers.Health education should be organized periodically to prevent low back pain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the authors in this paper is to investigate the effects of negative experiences during delivery and postpartum period on the relationship between the mother. The quantitative part of this study was conducted with 289 mothers and the qualitative part with 40 mothers. It was found that experiencing upsetting problems during delivery (p = 0.006) and in the postpartum period (p = 0.002) had an effect on separation anxiety. Based on the examination of the feelings experienced during annoying or distressing situations in the postpartum period, it was determined that there was a significant correlation between guilt (p = 0.000), fear of not being a good mother (p = 0.035), and feeling weak (p = 0.001) and separation anxiety. Blues of birth is fear and anxiety that the baby will be harmed if the mother is separated from it, and it is attributed to negative experiences during delivery and the postpartum period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite extensive research having been carried out on nurse-physician collaboration, there remains a paucity of evidence on how collaboration interacts with organizational commitment and its effect on turnover intention. This study aims to determine the mediating role of nurse-physician collaboration on the effect of organizational commitment on turnover intention. We used a cross-sectional design based on voluntary paper surveys from the inpatient clinics of six public hospitals in the north of Turkey. Data including measures of nurse-physician collaboration, organizational commitment, and turnover intention were collected from a convenience sample of the nurses (n = 212) and physicians (n = 109). Pearson's correlation analysis was used to determine the relationships between variables, and the mediating effect was analyzed with PROCESS Macro "Model 4" for IBM SPSS. Statistical significance was specified at 95% confidence intervals and two-tailed P values of <0.05 for all tests. While most of the participants were nurses (66%), 34% were physicians. For both nurses and physicians, organizational commitment and nurse-physician collaboration negatively affected the turnover intention. However, the mediating role of nurse-physician collaboration was only significant for nurses (b = −0.025). The results demonstrate the importance of harmony, joint decision-making, and responsibility-sharing between nurses and physicians concerning dedication, engagement, and job satisfaction, especially for nurses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Nurses are exposed to declining work ability and quality of life because of biological and environmental factors. Aim: The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of a self‐management programme based on an attitude–social influence–self‐efficacy model on work ability and quality of life for nurses aged 45 years and over. Methods: A parallel group trial design was used. Nurses who fitted the eligibility criteria of being aged 45 years and over were randomly assigned to an intervention or a control group. Data were collected between October 2017 and June 2018 at the hospital. The participants were blinded to group allocation. The primary outcome in the study was the impact of age on work ability. Results: Each group consisted of 30 nurses. There were no dropouts, so all subjects were analysed. Compared with the baseline, the intervention group's work ability was higher. There was a statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of the amount of changes in Work Ability Index scores at the third month compared the baseline. Conclusion: The self‐management programme was effective in increasing the nurses' work ability and healthy lifestyle behaviours affecting their quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The construct of fragility of happiness, which is not a theory-driven construct, refers to the idea that happiness is fleeting and can simply turn into unhappiness. This study investigated for the first time the psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the Fragility of Happiness Scale (FOHS) among university students, focusing on its internal consistency, factor structure, discriminant validity, convergent validity and predictive validity. Data were collected from two student samples (online sample, n = 228; paper-pencil sample, n = 200). Participants completed measures of fragility of happiness, fear of happiness, externality of happiness and life satisfaction either as online questionnaires or a paper-pencil version of the questionnaires. FOHS demonstrated good internal consistency. Results of exploratory and confirmatory yielded a one-factor model. The results also supported convergent, divergent and predictive validity. These results suggest that the FOHS is a reliable and valid instrument among Turkish university students. It can be used for research purposes and in clinical practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This exploratory and cross‐sectional study aimed to evaluate the effects of technological device use on preschool children's life quality. Methods: One hundred twenty‐five preschool students were recruited from two kindergartens affiliated to the Directorate of National Education in provincial centre of Zonguldak, Turkey. Personal Information Form and Quality of Life Scale for Young Children (KINDL Quality of Life Scale) were tools for data, collected by the researcher herself from parents through face‐to‐face interview method. Results: It was found in the study that 54.4% of the parents and 42.4% of their children who were involved in the study were frequently used technological devices. Mean score of the children's KINDL Quality of Life Scale was 79.2 (9.5; range 57–99). When comparing this score and its subscales with children's desire to not sleep due to playing virtual games and so forth, the differences between all the other subscales except self‐esteem were significant (p < 0.05). A significant difference was also found between the children's sleeping hours and subscales such as self‐esteem, physical and emotional health (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The results show that more than half of the parents and their children frequently use the technological devices. Healthcare providers should inform the parents regarding the possibly negative consequences such as negatively affecting the children's quality of life. SUMMARY STATEMENT: What is already known about this topic? Technological device use is one of the challenging problems seen among children, and it has negative effects on children's health.This use negatively affects the children's quality of life. What does this paper add? The families' and their children's frequency of technological device use was demonstrated.The effect of children's technological device use on their quality of life was determined.The factors affecting the quality of life with respect to the technological device use were determined. The implications of this paper: Technological device use negatively affects children's quality of life.Education programmes should be organized for families and children in order to manage the use of technological devices frequently seen among preschool children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To find out whether psychological capital has a mediating role in the relationship between job satisfaction and turnover intention on nurses. Design and Methods: This study is a cross‐sectional descriptive study. 466 nurses participated in this study. Data were collected via paper‐and‐pencil format using Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire, Psychological Capital Questionnaire and Turnover Intention Scale. Conclusions: Our findings revealed effects of poor psychological capital among nurses. The effect of psychological capital was statistically significant and it partially mediated job satisfaction and turnover intention. Practice Implications: Initiative sand training programs should be planned to improve nurses' attitudes towards psychological capital levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In the Netherlands, all women aged 30–60 years are invited to participate in the national cervical cancer screening programme, which is aimed at early detection and treatment of precancerous lesions. One fourth of the Dutch population has a migration background, with Turkish and Moroccan immigrants being the largest immigrant populations. Turkish‐ and Moroccan‐Dutch women show lower screening participation rates and a higher incidence of cervical cancer, compared to native Dutch women. Since current information materials are not tailored to these women's needs, we developed a short culturally sensitive educational video to facilitate informed decision‐making for cervical cancer screening among Turkish‐ and Moroccan‐Dutch women. This article describes the development process of this video and the lessons learned. Methods: Using the Entertainment–Education communication strategy, we collaborated with an interdisciplinary team of Turkish‐ and Moroccan‐Dutch women, researchers, public health experts, and creative media professionals. We developed the video following the different stages of the Media Mapping model: Orientation, Crystallization, Design/Production, Implementation, and Dissemination. Each stage is described in the paper. Results: The video was developed in Moroccan‐Arabic, ‐Berber and Turkish, and emphasized three main themes: (1) more certainty about having cervical (pre)cancer and the possibility to prevent treatment, surgery, or premature death, and because of this, being there for the children, (2) according to the Islam, a woman should take good care of her health, and (3) anxiety, shame, and privacy. Conclusions: A short culturally sensitive educational video, delivered as part of a larger intervention together with the current information brochure, was developed based on theory and grounded in the needs of Turkish‐ and Moroccan‐Dutch women. The value and effectiveness of this intervention to facilitate informed cervical cancer screening decisions are evaluated in a randomised controlled trial. Patient or Public Contribution: We collaborated with Turkish‐ and Moroccan‐Dutch women during the development process of a short culturally sensitive educational video. Turkish‐ and Moroccan‐Dutch women were also invited to watch the raw footage to verify whether the content and presentation matched their needs and requirements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Self‐assessments for adults who stutter are recommended as a primary evaluation tool for including their views on stuttering. Evaluating adults who stutter with self‐assessment scales is important. However, there is no tool in the Turkish literature that provides this measurement. Aims: To develop the Turkish version of The Wright and Ayre Stuttering Self‐Rating Profile (WASSP) in order to analyse its validity and reliability, and investigate its applicability for Turkish‐speaking individuals. Methods & Procedures: The study included 120 adults who stutter (aged 18–54 years). All the participants completed The Wright and Ayre Stuttering Self‐Rating Profile—Turkish version (WASSP‐TR) and the SF‐36 form. The reliability analysis involved the calculation of Cronbach's alphas for test–retest and the Pearson product‐moment correlation coefficient for internal consistency. The validity analysis, in turn, involved a confirmatory factor analysis for construct validity and testing correlations with the SF‐36 for criterion validity. Outcomes & Results: Internal consistency coefficients of the WASSP‐TR were reported to be high (> 0.70). The correlations between the WASSP‐TR and its subscales showed significant results (0.858–0.966) (p < 0.01). The correlation between the subscales of the WASSP‐TR and the SF‐36 was reported to be consistent (from −0.492 to 0.747). There was a positive correlation between stuttering severity groups and the WASSP‐TR scores (p < 0.01). Conclusions & Implications: The WASSP‐TR is a valid and reliable scale for Turkish‐speaking adults who stutter. What this paper addsWhat is already known on the subjectSelf‐assessment tools are recommended as a primary use when assessing adults who stutter. The WASSP is one of these measurement tools. However, the adaptation, validity and reliability study of the WASSP to Turkish has not been investigated.What this paper adds to existing knowledgeThis study shows that the Turkish version of the WASSP scale is valid and reliable and can be used with adults who stutter. Furthermore, the present adaptation study has been developed in order to evaluate social–emotional aspects of stuttering.What are the potential or actual clinical implications of this work?A tool that includes evaluating the behaviour, cognition, affect and participation areas as well as the stuttering behaviours of adults who stutter was adapted. This tool is expected to be useful for comprehensive evaluation of adults who stutter in clinics, in research and for pre/post‐therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This study aimed to determine the electronic health (e‐health) literacy level of high school students and its relationship with their health‐promoting behaviours. Methods: This was a cross‐sectional study conducted between April and May 2018. The study sample consisted of 409 students, who were aged between 14 and 19 years old, in three high schools located in the city centre of Denizli. Multiple regression analyses were performed to examine the predictive variables for six dimensions of health‐promoting behaviours. Results: In this study, the mean (SD) e‐health literacy score of 27.89 (6.19) was slightly above moderate level. e‐Health literacy was found to significantly predict all six dimensions of health‐promoting behaviours positively, that is, e‐health literacy was determined to predict the dimensions of nutritional behaviours (β = 0.64, P < 0.001), life appreciation (β = 0.55, P < 0.001), social support (β = 0.72, P < 0.001), exercise (β = 0.36, P < 0.001), stress management (β = −0.22, P < 0.001) and health responsibility (β = 0.68, P < 0.001). Conclusion: With e‐health literacy significantly predictive of health‐promoting behaviours, nurses are recommended to consider the e‐health literacy levels of adolescents in the health‐promoting programs they design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of pedometer‐supported walking and telemonitoring after lumbar disc hernia surgery on pain and disability levels and quality of life. Methods: This was a randomized controlled trial with two randomly selected groups conducted between March 2018 and January 2019. Sixty‐seven participants (33 in the intervention group and 34 in the control group) who had undergone lumbar microdiscectomy were allocated to receive and not to receive walking exercise. Pain and disability levels and quality of life of groups were tested with the McGill Pain Questionnaire, the Oswestry Disability Index and the 36‐Item Short Form Survey. Measurements were taken 3 weeks after surgery and following completion of the first, second and third months. Results: Compared with the control group, pain level at the first and second months and disability level at the second and third months in the intervention group were significantly lower (p < 0.05), and in the third month, subdimension scores of quality of life (the physical role difficulty, energy and vitality, mental health, social functionality and pain) were higher (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Walking after herniated disc surgery decreased pain and disability levels and increased the quality of life; nurses can encourage adherence to walking as an effective intervention. SUMMARY STATEMENT: What is already known about this topic? After lumbar disc hernia surgery, patients experience low to moderate levels of pain and disability.Pain and disability levels can be decreased with appropriate post‐operative care and rehabilitation.Walking is a cheap and safe type of physical activity that is effective both in increasing physical activity after surgery and in decreasing pain and disability. What this paper adds? Walking was effective for reducing post lumbar disc hernia surgery pain and disability levels, positively contributing to better quality of life for these patients.This study showed that post discharge monitoring by nurses was necessary and important. The implications of this paper: Nurses should inform patients to gradually increase physical activity during discharge training.Walking is a simple and cheap activity with low risk of injury, which could be recommended as a type of exercise after lumbar disc herniation surgery.Nurses can use pedometers and the telemonitoring methods to motivate patients to walk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

SUMMARY STATEMENT: What is already known about this topic? The population is ageing rapidly and consistently worldwide.Health‐promoting behaviours are crucial in enabling older adults to function independently and to ensure a better quality of life.The instruments commonly used to measure health‐promoting behaviours are not tailored to the specific needs of the older people. What this paper adds? The Turkish version of the GHP scale is usable for evaluating health‐promoting behaviours in older adults.The Turkish version of the GHP scale for older people showed statistically acceptable levels of reliability and validity for use in the Turkish population.The presence of distinct subscales within this scale serves to identify the areas where the older adults require additional support. The implications of this paper: The Turkish version of the GHP scale could be an appropriate instrument for nurses to measure the health‐promoting behaviours of older people.This scale can be used to establish health promotion programmes that encourage the adoption of healthy lifestyle practices that are specifically tailored to the needs of older people.This scale can be used in future studies that are planned for health promotion among the older individuals. Background: A measure for healthy lifestyle behaviours of older adults would enable the development of effective and target‐based health promotion strategies. Aim: This study aimed to test the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of Geriatric Health Promotion scale among older people in Turkey. Design This was a methodological study that was conducted between June and August 2018. Methods: A total of 321 volunteer older individuals, who were admitted to local health centres, participated in this study. A questionnaire, including sociodemographic data form, and the Geriatric Health Promotion scale were used to collect data. Content and construct validity was established using validity analyses. Results: The reliability of the scale was confirmed by its internal consistency (α =.82) and test‐retest reliability (0.86). Exploratory factor analysis for the six‐factor construct explained 64.7% of the total variance. Factor loads of each item ranged from 0.44 and 0.91. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the theoretical constructs had a perfect fit with data obtained. These data establish that the Turkish version of the Geriatric Health Promotion scale was valid and reliable. Conclusion: The Turkish version of the Geriatric Health Promotion scale is a reliable and valid instrument that can be used in the evaluation of health‐promoting behaviours among older individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: To assess the validity and reliability of the stoma self‐efficacy scale for Turkish‐speaking individuals with stoma. Background: Self‐efficacy in stoma care is one of the most important variables requiring compliance for an increase in the quality of life and well‐being of individuals with stoma. Design A methodological study. Methods: This study used translation and back translation for the scale's language equivalence and expert opinion for the content validity. An expert panel and 10 individuals with stoma evaluated the scale for face validity. The scale's reliability was assessed by internal consistency, Pearson correlation, and test–retest reliability in a sample of 174 individuals with stomas. The scale's construct validity was tested with confirmatory factor analysis and exploratory factor analysis. Results: The content validity index was.96, and Cronbach's alpha was.95. In the test–retest analysis, the intraclass correlation coefficients were high. In the factor analysis, two factors emerged from the scale, and after the confirmatory factor analysis and scale modification, the fit indices of the model were found to provide a good level of validity. Conclusion: The Turkish version of the stoma self‐efficacy scale is a valid and reliable tool to determine the levels of self‐efficacy in individuals with stoma. SUMMARY STATEMENT: What is already known about this topic? Stoma creation is one of the most common surgical interventions.The ability to cope with the psychological, physiological and sociocultural changes experienced by individuals with stoma after surgery is related to their levels of self‐efficacy.Valid and reliable instruments are needed to determine the levels of self‐efficacy of individuals with stoma. What this paper adds? The Turkish version of the stoma self‐efficacy scale is a valid and reliable tool to determine the levels of self‐efficacy in individuals with stoma.The stoma self‐efficacy scale can be used by nurses to evaluate the self‐efficacy levels of Turkish‐speaking individuals with stoma in any part of the world. The implications of this paper: The stoma self‐efficacy scale can be used to evaluate self‐efficacy levels in individuals with stoma and for respective research.The adaptation of the stoma self‐efficacy scale into Turkish may contribute to the dissemination of self‐efficacy results of Turkish individuals with stoma internationally and to the comparative literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The aim of this work is to determine the behaviours of adolescents towards safety measures at school and in traffic and their health beliefs for injuries. Background: Adolescents are more prone to injuries, as they are more willing to try risky health behaviours. Methods: This descriptive and cross‐sectional study was conducted at high schools in Turkey. The data were collected from high school students based on the self‐report method between October 2017 and January 2018. Frequency, percentage, chi‐square, t test, and logistic regression were used to analyse the data. Results: A total of 481 adolescents participated in the study. The response rate is 96.05%. As a result of the research, 12.5% of the adolescents reported that they were injured in traffic and 18.9% of them were injured at school. Adolescents who did not have an accident had higher scores of health beliefs than those who had an accident (p < 0.05). The most important predictors of injury are being male (OR: 2.52, 95% CI [1.19, 53.00]), parents' separation (OR: 2.82, 95% CI [0.98, 8.09]), and not believing that traffic rules were safe (OR: 3.15, 95% CI [1.42, 6.97]). Conclusion: Adolescents have risky behaviours at school and in traffic, and these risk behaviours are related to demographic characteristics and health beliefs. School nurses should plan health belief model‐based injury prevention programs. SUMMARY STATEMENT: What is already known about this topic? Worldwide, the risky behaviour of adolescents in traffic and at school is an important public health problem that causes serious physical injuries and negatively affects social life.Studies on adolescents' safety behaviours and health beliefs about injuries are limited. What this paper adds? This study shows the rate of injury to school and traffic in adolescents, the reasons and type of injury, and the health belief scores of students who had an accident and did not have an accident.Sociocultural factors seem to play an important role in the injury rates of adolescents.The health belief model can be effective in preventing accidents because the adolescents who did not have an accident have a higher health belief score than those who had an accident. The implications of this paper: School health nurses should consider evidence‐based research findings in preventing injuries.Health belief model‐based education programs should be developed by nurses in the school to ensure that adolescents obtain positive health behaviours.Each school should employ school nurses to ensure that health services are accessible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study was carried out to determine the effect of self-management support given to patients diagnosed with hypertension on the hypertension knowledge level, treatment adherence and self-care management, and to examine the changes in patients' blood pressure after the self-management support. Background: The rise of chronic diseases such as hypertension necessitates the equipment of patients with sufficient knowledge and skills necessary to manage their disease and self-care. Methods: This randomised controlled research was conducted with a total of 137 patients, including 69 intervention and 68 control patients. Data were collected using the "Patient Information Form", "Hypertension Knowledge-Level Scale", "Hill-Bone Compliance to High Blood Pressure Therapy Scale" and "Self Care Management Process in Chronic Illness Scale" at the first interview and the last interview three months after the first interview. One week after the first interview, the patients in the intervention group received self-management support including information about hypertension and its management and blood pressure measurement skills. results: After self-management support, a significant improvement was found in hypertension knowledge level (p=0.000), treatment adherence (p=0.000), and self-care management (p=0.000) of patients in the intervention group A significant decrease was determined in systolic (p=0.000) and diastolic blood pressure (p=0.000) of patients in the intervention group. conclusion: Self-management support has shown positive effects in increasing hypertension knowledge level, adherence to hypertension treatment, self-care management, and blood pressure control in patients diagnosed with hypertension. This study also provides nurses with an approach in which they can effectively use training and counselling roles for patients. implications for research, policy, and practice: Patients diagnosed with hypertension should be educated by nurses about the disease. Nurses should teach the patients who are diagnosed with hypertension the ability to monitor their blood pressure at home. Cardiovascular rehabilitation nursing units should be established in hospitals to provide more effective self-management support to hypertensive patients. What is already known about the topic? * Education and support programs offered by nurses are important in controlling chronic diseases such as hypertension. * Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension emphasise the importance of self-management support in controlling hypertension. What this paper adds * Self-management support is an effective approach to increasing hypertension knowledge level, adherence to treatment, and self-care management. * Self-management support helps patients to achieve blood pressure control and optimal blood pressure values. * Self-management support empowers patients by increasing their control over the disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This study aimed to determine the effects of a postpartum sexual health education programme structured according to Levine's conservation model on postpartum women. Methods: The interventional study was completed with 67 postpartum women. The intervention group was given the postpartum sexual health education programme structured according to Levine's conservation model. The control group received routine discharge training. The data were collected using a personal information form, The Index of Female Sexual Function, Arizona Sexual Experience Scale and Golombok–Rust Inventory of Sexual Satisfaction. Results: It has been determined that the decrease in sexual arousal and desire is the first among postpartum sexual problems experienced by women. This study demonstrated that sexual function, sexual satisfaction and sexual response were higher in nonbreastfeeding women, women who had sexual intercourse one to three times a week and women who could talk to health care professionals on sexual matters. After the programme, the intervention group had more adequate sexual function, and they developed a strong, easy and satisfactory sexual response than the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: This programme was effective in increasing the sexual functions and satisfaction of the postpartum women. Models provide guidance to nurses for provision of care in a systematic manner. SUMMARY STATEMENT: What is already known about this topic? Sexual health is influenced by physical and mental health status, neurological and hormonal changes and life cycles that lead to changes in body structure or functions. Postpartum period is also one of these life cycles.Studies on care practices for the improvement of sexual health in postpartum women are limited. What this paper adds? This study is important because an important theory of nursing discipline has been used to improve sexual health in postpartum women at the first time. This study presents beneficial and generalizable results for women in different life cycles.The sexual health education programme implemented on the basis of the Levine's model can contribute to the formation of easier/satisfactory sexual response by partners and increase the quality of sexual functions/intercourse. The implications of this paper: Perinatal nurses have many opportunities to prevent sexual dysfunction, to diagnose early and to develop culturally sensitive interventions to improve sexual health.Nurses must benefit from various nursing models to systematize health care during the fulfilment of these responsibilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the effect of reflexology on lactation and postpartum comfort in primiparas giving births through caesarean section. Methods: This randomized controlled trial was conducted in 100 women with first birth through caesarean section between May 2016 and May 2017. Expectant mothers were randomly included into an intervention and a control group. The intervention group consisted of mothers in whom reflexology was performed three times per day at every eight hours for 30 min for 3 days. Results: The mean scores of the breastfeeding chart system and breastfeeding satisfaction scores of the mothers in the intervention group were significantly higher than those of the controls, and the first lactation period of the mothers in the intervention group was shorter than that of the controls. Mean breast‐tension, breast‐heat, and breast‐pain scores were similar in both groups on day 1; however, a significant increase was seen the intervention group on days 2 and 3, compared to those in the controls. The mean scores of the Postpartum Comfort Questionnaire in the intervention group were significantly better than those of the controls. Conclusions: Reflexology starts lactation earlier in mothers giving birth via caesarean section, supports the breastfeeding period, and increases mothers' postpartum comfort. SUMMARY STATEMENT: What is already known about this topic? Immediately after caesarean birth, many women suffer from breastfeeding problems due to pain, fatigue, activity intolerance, anaesthesia, and delayed onset of lactation.As a result of these avoidable problems, the baby cannot get enough breast milk, and mothers' postpartum comfort decreases. What this paper adds? Evidence in the study indicates that nurses can support effective breastfeeding, especially for caesarean‐delivery primiparous mothers, by delivering reflexology, which may start lactation sooner and improve postpartum comfort. The implications of this paper: This randomized controlled trial study provides evidence to support effective breastfeeding, especially for the caesarean‐delivery primiparous mothers, by delivering reflexology, which may start lactation sooner and improve postpartum comfort.This controlled trial study contributes to the knowledge base of healthcare professionals who provide care during childbirth by promoting the ability to offer appropriate interventions according to individual needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the role positive attachment relationship plays in improving children's social and emotional development. In doing so, we are using the Attachment Theory as our principle theoretical framework. We carried out qualitative interviews with 18 teachers and school staff working in a primary school setting located in a deprived neighbourhood of Istanbul, Turkey. Significant number of children attending this school had experienced social and emotional problems. We devised an innovative psychosocial programme where 40 university student mentors and their professors provided weekly psychosocial support to 160 year-one and year-two primary schoolchildren over a period of 8 months. The objective was to create a secure proximity zone from which the university students acted the older and more knowledgeable secondary caregivers to the schoolchildren. This paper evaluates the teachers' perceptions of the effectiveness of the attachment-informed psychosocial programme on children's social and emotional wellbeing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This study aimed to determine the level of spiritual care and compassion among midwives working in delivery rooms and associated factors. Methods: A descriptive design was utilized to collect data using self‐report questionnaires from 181 midwives working in delivery rooms in Turkey. Data were collected between 1 February 2020 and 20 March 2020. Results: The mean Spiritual Care‐Giving Scale (SCGS) (min: 25‐ max: 175) and Compassion Scale (CS) (min: 24– max: 120) scores were 147.88 ± 17.84 and 96.37 ± 12.84. It was determined that there was a significant difference between the SCGS and CS scores of the midwives based on age, working year, work schedule, job satisfaction and traumatic birth experiences. Furthermore, there were positive correlations between scores on certain SCGS and CS subdimensions. Conclusion: Midwifery is a continuously evolving profession based on helping others. However, long working hours and their exposure to traumatic birth events negatively affect both spiritual caregiving and compassion levels of midwives. Working conditions of midwives need to improve and this would contribute to the quality of maternal healthcare. Also, studies should be conducted in different contexts, societies and cultures to identify barriers to compassionate and spiritual care during childbirth. Summary Statement: What is already known about this topic? Compassion and spirituality play a significant role in the quality of care in midwifery, similar to other healthcare fields.There are limited studies on the level of spiritual care and compassion in midwives working in delivery rooms, reflecting the situation in only certain contexts, societies and cultures. What is already known about this topic (research findings/key new information)? Barriers to the spiritual and compassionate care of midwives working in the delivery room in Turkish society have been identified.Year of working, work schedule, job satisfaction and exposure to traumatic birth events affect both spiritual caregiving and compassion levels of midwives. The implications of this paper (how findings influence or can be used to change policy/practice/research/education): For quality care in maternity services, the woman should be given compassionate care that includes spiritual care practices.Working conditions of midwives need to improve.Studies should be conducted in different contexts, societies and cultures to identify the barriers to this care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to determine the trends of the researches on program evaluation between the years 2010-2019 in Turkey. The research is a qualitative research using intrinsic case study design. In the study, 44 research papers conducted between 2010 and 2019 using any program evaluation model were examined. Research findings indicate that in Turkey program evaluation studies have become preferable since 2016, which use a particular program evaluation model as a criterion. Researchers preferred Stufflebeam's CIPP Evaluation Model in most of the studies and most commonly undergraduate and high school programs were evaluated. Methodologically most preferred designs were mixed and non-random sampling and as data collection instruments, interviews, questionnaires, observations, and scales were commonly used. Some results based on the findings of the research show that there are deficiencies regarding the selection of program evaluation models and methodological preferences, and there are inconsistencies between the results and recommendations regarding the quality of the program in Turkey. In order to keep up with international developments in program evaluation, suggestions were made regarding the development and use of approaches, models, and standards that serve the needs of the Turkish education system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accessible summary: What is known on the subject?: Mental healthcare requires acceptance of suicide and flexible attitudes especially in relation to caring for people who have suicidal thoughts or who have attempted suicide. Nurse education programmes for student nurses can shape positively the attitudes of individual participants, yet limited research exists on what nursing students' attitudes currently are towards people who are suicidal. What this paper adds to existing knowledge?: This paper adds to the developing international comparative work that is providing a greater understanding of cultural perceptions of suicide amongst students. This paper along with existing literature highlights a potential relationship between certain religious belief systems and their potential to be protective against suicide. At the same time, such religious belief is more likely to be associated with more judgmental attitude towards suicidal behaviour. This paper using a validated research tool, devised by a research psychologist, scored for the first time, individual student attitudes towards caring for people that are suicidal, whilst establishing the overall differences between the two countries from which the data are collected. What are the implications for practice?: This paper offers potential explanations for differences in nursing students' attitudes between the UK and Turkey. Disparities under discussion include gender, type of education, culture and religion. This is an important discussion in the consideration of nurse education worldwide. It is recognized that students may come from a variety of different backgrounds, with varying personal and social attitudes to begin with; yet, there exists the potential to positively influence overall attitudes towards service users whilst learners are still within a training programme, consisting of education and practice experiences. The merits of a specialist mental health nurse training programme and its potential to impact more favourably on students attitudes deserve more attention and research. Abstract: Introduction: Suicide is a major public health issue internationally, and the impact of positive or negative attitudes amongst the mental health professional workforce warrants scrutiny. The study aimed to examine English and Turkish nursing students' attitudes towards people with suicidal behaviour. Method: This cross‐cultural study reports on attitudes of 240 nursing students towards suicide in Turkey and 82 nursing students in the UK. A reliable and valid 24 item “Attitudes towards Suicide Scale” and “Social Reactions to Suicidal Persons Scale” were used to measure attitudes. Results: The UK nursing students were found to display more accepting attitudes to suicide, and scored higher on acceptability of suicide, seeing suicide as a solution and open reporting and discussion of suicide subscales than their Turkish counterparts. Turkish nursing students scored higher on punishment after death and hiding suicidal behaviour subscales than the UK students. Turkish nursing students scored significantly higher on deterring subscale of reactions to a suicidal peer scale than the UK nursing students. Implications for practice: It is vital for nurse students to develop positive acceptance of suicide through education, reflection and clinical supervision to be more therapeutic towards suicidal patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is currently very little research about strategies and interventions used to support children with autism in Turkey. This research paper focuses on teachers' strategies and opinions about strategies to support the development of social and communication skills of children with autism in a Turkish Special Education School. This study used mixed research methods. A total of 27 teachers (all teachers) were given a questionnaire exploring the strategies they employed. Ten of 27 teachers were also interviewed to ascertain details about the strategies. In the questionnaire, teachers reported using a range of strategies, specifically: peer education, alternative therapies, artistic activities, sport activities, educational games, school and classroom rules, experiential learning model, tongue, mouth and voice exercises, hiding strategy, social stories, visual, role modelling and memorisation. Teachers also reported using additional supportive approaches, specifically family involvement, rewarding, use of technology, step-by-step education and tactical ignoring. Results showed, however, that there was some discrepancy between strategies reported in the questionnaire and the use and understanding of these strategies in the interviews. Overall, the findings indicate further training and resources are needed for Turkish teachers who work with children with autism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the Earned Value Management (EVM) practices in Turkey. The authors identify and analyze the factors affecting the awareness and implementation of the methodology and derive implications for its future use. A comprehensive questionnaire was designed and semi structured interviews were conducted with experienced managers from several industries. This study is original in the sense that it brings an in depth analysis on the factors affecting the acceptance and frequency of use of EVM in Turkey. The authors report that the industry, project management experience, role in projects and the use of project management software are the factors that affect EVM awareness. Regarding the implementation, the authors observe that respondents who work in defense and production sectors are more likely to use EVM. Companies that are using lump-sum and unit price projects are more likely to use EVM while companies that are using in-house projects are less likely. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The abundance of easy and accessible information and the rapid development of social networking sites (SNSs) have proven that the world is small and within reach. The great implication of this interconnectivity is attributable to the change in the learning and sharing environment, which for the most part is something that classrooms are lacking. Considering the potential implications of SNSs in nursing education reveals the benefits of SNSs in allowing students to communicate and interact with a wider audience and beyond the classroom. The aim of this study is to identify the extent of SNS utilization, the perceived benefits of SNSs and the potential of SNSs for improving the study habits of nursing students in five countries (Israel, Iraq, Oman, the Philippines and Turkey). Methods: This study is a quantitative cross-sectional study that determined the relationship between the utilization of SNSs, the perceived benefits of SNSs, and the potential of SNSs for improving the study habits of nursing students in the five participating countries (Israel, Iraq, Oman, the Philippines, and Turkey). This paper is based on carefully analysing the survey responses of a sample of 1137 students from an online hosting site. The online instrument focuses on the extent of the utilization and benefits of SNSs according to their accessibility, usability, efficiency and reliability. Results: Based on the Pearson correlation coefficient (r) our findings, reveal a significant positive correlation between the extent of a possible improvement in study habits and the extent of SNS utilization in terms of the four domains, namely, accessibility (r = 0.246), usability (r = 0.377), reliability (r = 0.287) and efficiency (r = 0.387). Conclusion: It can be concluded that there is a significant positive correlation between students' study habits and the extent of SNS utilization, meaning that the more students devote themselves to their study habits, the higher the level of SNS utilization. The use of SNSs by nursing students has positive and negative implications, and there is greater potential for further improving approaches to nursing education through the adaptation of curricula based on the proper utilization of SNSs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to investigate the effects of augmented reality (AR) activities on students' academic achievement and motivation in a biology course. For this purpose, a mixed study was conducted, and a pretest and posttest control group model was used. In addition, the opinions of the experimental group students and the teacher about the AR activities were taken, and classroom observations were made during the study. The study group consisted of 40 (22 female and 18 male) ninth‐grade biology course students. The control group followed the biology course programme, whereas the experimental group students conducted AR activities in addition to the course programme using tablets. Consequently, it was found that the motivation of the students in the experimental group increased more than that of the students in the control group. However, no significant difference was found between the academic achievement scores of the groups. The teacher and the students stated that AR activities might be effective in increasing course success and motivation. Lay Description: What is already known about this topic: Biology is one of the fields that cover too many abstract and invisible contents.Abstract and invisible course contents cause misunderstandings and low academic achievement.Augmented reality (AR) technology stands out with its visualization feature.AR appears to be an effective technology for making invisible subjects visible and giving concrete examples for abstract content in biology education.What this paper adds: AR activities could positively affect students' motivation in biology courses.Students' perceptions of the augmented reality into classroom are highly positive.AR activities raise students' participation to the course.However, AR does not significantly affect students' academic achievement.Implications for practice and/or policy: More long‐term and interaction‐based AR activities in a school with proper infrastructure might influence students' academic achievement positively.AR materials that have better image quality, more interesting design for students, and more interactivity will increase the effectiveness of instruction.It could be beneficial to use more AR technology when preparing curricula and textbooks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Learning letters is an important area of language learning, conducive to the beginning of reading and writing. Indeed, today's generation prefers to learn through digital games rather than through formal teaching processes. Inspired by this need, the researcher designed this study (a) to test the effectiveness of an instructional digital game, "Kes Sesi," designed to teach letter recognition skills and (b) to briefly present its instructional development process, which was based on the ADDIE model. This was a quasi‐experimental study with two treatment groups and a control group involving 87 kindergarteners. Treatment groups played the game for 12–6 weeks for learning, 6 weeks for practice. The control group continued with its regular class activities. One treatment group played the game based on predefined sound categorization, the other without any categorization. A test on children's sound recognition abilities was administered three times as a pretest, a midtest, and a posttest. The treatment groups performed significantly better than the control group. The game enhanced the kindergarteners' ability to practice uncategorized content while it enhanced their ability to learn categorized content. The results are promising in that Kes Sesi can be useful in self‐supported learning contexts with little adult input and with minimum outside interference. Lay Description: What is already known about this topic: Learning letters is an important area of language learning, conducive to the beginning of reading and writing.There is a variety of research studies on digital games for learning in the literature.It is a challenge to teach preschool children letters. What this paper adds: There seems to be a gap when it comes to experiments on kindergarteners' early reading skills.Although there are many relevant games in the market, there are no studies investigating kindergarteners' sound recognition skills through game playing on mobile technology.This study has its unique feature in terms of providing a sample article on "Design, development and application of learning tools and systems," which is a topic within the Journal's scope. Implications for practice and/or policy: Digital educational games such as "Kes Sesi" can be useful in self‐supported learning circumstances with little adult input or intervention.Similar educational games can be designed by taking the current research study as an example, and it is believed that it will encourage production of many similar games.Students' performances reach an optimal level when educational games are used after the teacher helps them construct their learning and guide them in this endeavor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This paper introduces the study on the European Union Project on complementary therapies and discusses project outputs and results. The goal of the European Union Project was to improve the professional knowledge and skills of women's health and oncology nurses regarding CT. Background: The increasing and widespread use of complementary therapies in the women's health and oncology population requires nurses to be educated about their suitable and safe use. Many nurses do not have proper training in complementary therapies and therefore should not inform their patients about them. Methods: The 'Improving the Nursing Care with Best Complementary Therapy Strategies Based on European Union Standards' (BestCARE) project was a strategic partnership within Erasmus plus for vocational education and training. The BestCARE project was coordinated by the Akdeniz University Nursing Faculty and was carried out with six partners from Turkey and Europe. Results: Fifteen nurses from Turkey and Italy were trained in complementary therapies in England. In addition, training courses and seminars were held in Turkey and Italy for women's health and oncology nurses. The BestCARE programme consisted of 14 work packages. The BestCARE programme was implemented via websites, an e‐learning training programme, training videos, reference and handbook, a curriculum proposal on complementary therapies and a simulation laboratory. Conclusion and implications for nursing and/or health policy: The BestCARE project allowed nurses to gain knowledge, experience and skills about complementary therapies and created a cultural awareness and sensitivity towards patients, caregivers and health professionals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of students' flipped learning readiness (FLR) on engagement, programming self‐efficacy, attitude towards programming, and interaction intensity in the information and technology classrooms where programming is taught with the flipped classroom (FC) model. The study group of this research, which is designed by the relational screening method, consists of 371 students studying in middle school. Structural equation model was used for the data analysis. The results of the study revealed that FLR and its indicators in the programming teaching conducted with the FC model are significant predictors of engagement, attitude, programming self‐efficacy, and interaction intensity. FLR is most strongly related to programming self‐efficacy, whereas it is most weakly related to interaction. The most striking result of this study is that the FC model is an effective option in terms of providing engagement, interaction, self‐efficacy, and learner attitude, which are the key components for the success of the instruction. It is thought that this study assists to create an awareness on the impact of FLR on students, on subjects that frame in‐class attitudes, and behaviours of students. Lay Description: What is already known about this topic: Programming skills are important for the acquisition of basic skills of the 21st century.Flipped learning is an opportunity for effective programming teaching.Flipped learning readiness (FLR) has an important role in FC.However, in order for effective face‐to‐face learning to take place, it is crucial that students are able to take on the responsibility of learning outside the classroom, that is, the e‐learning readiness of their students. What this paper adds: We use FC applications in teaching programming to children.We have examined the key variables to be successful in a course involving the teaching of complex skills such as programming with FC.We brought proposals for practical education and researchers to be carried out programming instruction in FC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]