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As a leading contemporary British scholar of critical communication, Christian Fuchs has long devoted himself to the study of human communication in the digital age from the perspective of academic tradition of Western Marxism, thus systematically proposing the critical theory of communication. Based on this, the paper aims to explore the basic clues of the formation of Fuchs' critical theory of communication, mainly by researching Fuchs' academic dialogues and debates with thinkers such as Marx and Engels, scholars of the Frankfurt School and Dallas W. Smythe through the method of intellectual history. In conclusion, it finds that from historical materialism and labor theory of value to critical theory and audience commodity, all of them have been critically interpreted and digitally combined by Fuchs, forming the historical foundation of his critical theory of communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chinese tea culture has a long history and is an important carrier of Chinese excellent traditional culture. Chinese traditional tea making techniques and related customs have been included in the representative list of the intangible cultural heritage of humanity, highlighting the significant achievements of the development of Chinese tea culture and tea industry. According to investigation, there are still some problems in the development of tea culture, such as insufficient popularization, unbalanced regional development, inadequate influence as a whole. It suggests that we focus on the inheritance and protection of tea intangible cultural heritage, optimize the tea culture supervision and service system, deepen the connotation of tea culture research, and promote the integration of all elements of tea tourism. Besides, we need to strengthen the digital communication of tea culture, and promote the high-quality development of tea culture, thus enhancing the international influence of Chinese tea culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digital information technology has made human beings move into a mixed space where virtuality and reality are integrated. Maps, that have always been used as the abstraction and interpretation of the real world and assist us to cognize the real world, are facing new challenges. Under the new digital and communication situations, maps need to incorporated digital virtual spaces and analyze the impacts brought by virtuality and reality, nihility and existence and the interpromotion of void and solid. Game maps are suitable carrier in this paper to analyze and discover the relations between the virtuality and the reality. Game map has seven elements including the time, the place, the personage, the object, the event, the phenomenon and the scenario to describe the world. This paper analyzes their virtual and real characteristics, explores the relationships and the interactions between virtual world construction and the reality, and discusses their feedback to the real world. This research can enrich the theoretical system of cartography and facilitate planning a smarter and more pleasant society for us. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: To achieve a unified aesthetic restoration effect, digital smile design technologies have been introduced and gradually applied in clinical practice. However, due to the limitations and authenticity of the software’s own dental pictures, the promotion of the software encountered difficulties. Researchers found that using the digital smile design software to import previous similar cases may optimize this problem, making the design of the prosthesis authentic and personalized. OBJECTIVE: To verify the advantages and limitations of the case-based digital smile design method by comparing the effect of the case-based digital smile design method and the traditional aesthetic restoration method in the aesthetic restoration of anterior teeth. METHODS: From October 2018 to October 2020, 36 patients requiring aesthetic restoration of anterior teeth at the Department of Prosthodontics in Tianjin Stomatological Hospital were selected and randomly divided into experimental group and control group according to the sequence of treatment, with 18 patients in each group. In the experimental group, digital smile design technology was used to collect and import digital photos, and the diagnostic wax pattern and diagnostic decoration were made based on the pictures of the prostheses from the most similar cases in the past. Patients could obtain the digital smile design drawing and three-dimensional oral preview form for doctor-patient communication and design adjustment. The control group was treated with digital photography combined with colorimetric palettes. Immediately after aesthetic repair, patient satisfaction evaluation was performed. Aesthetic prostheses were clinically evaluated as per the modified United States Public Health Service (USPHS) criteria at 2 weeks, 6 months, and 12 months after aesthetic repair. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: In terms of patient satisfaction, patients in the experimental group were more satisfied with the shape and color of the prosthetics than those in the control group (P < 0.05), and there was no significant difference in the comfort of the prosthetics and the time to seek medical treatment (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups in postoperative prosthesis integrity, periodontal healthy, tooth sensitivity, edge fit, color matching, and occlusal relationship at 2 weeks after restoration (P > 0.05), while the experimental group was superior to the control group in color matching at 6 and 12 months after restoration (P < 0.05). To conclude, the case-based digital smile design technique is superior to the traditional method in doctor-patient communication, prosthesis color and shape; however, there are limitations such as the limited number of previous cases and the increased workload and cost of the digital smile design process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objects: Micro landform is an important basis for safe operation of transmission lines engineering, the risk division of lines icing and the calculation of energy consumption during the construction period of transmission lines. As the national grid extends and voltage levels increases, there are a lot of transmission lines passing through the micro landform area and damaged seriously. The traditional macro geomorphologic map can not show the micro landform characteristics accurately. It is subjective and costly for identifying micro landform by experts on the spot base on aerial photography and satellite images. Furthermore, it is difficult to meet actual engineering requirements. The automatic extraction micro landform of transmission lines is not only a requirement for digital transmission lines landform analysis precisely, but also a prerequisite and guarantee for the construction of power grid projects under complex landform conditions. Methods: According to the classification system of micro landform in the specifications, the micro landform types of transmission lines were investigated and five micro landform types including yakou, mountain, uplift, canyon and vapor were proposed. The micro landform type with yakou, mountain, uplift, canyon focuses on regional terrain complexity and relief, as while vapour landform focuses on the causes of the disaster. A decision-making scheme was proposed by terrain position index, slope, relative elevation and water distance, and a method of transmission line micro landform extraction based on grid digital elevation model(DEM) was constructed. About the vapor landform, the water distribution data were applied to the experimental area, the water area units were divided, and water body distance was calculated by grid statistics.Results: 9 transmission lines DEM data of a power grid company during 2012—2018 were used for extraction experiment. The micro landform type of yakou, mountain, uplift, canyon and vapor was extracted effectively, the position and tendency of the micro landform could be discriminated by the extraction results, and the statistical parameters of each transmission lines micro landform in the experimental area were obtained. A comparative analysis of disaster data form the influence of micro landform was added. It was found that the proportion of typical micro landform area where the disaster occurred was over 90%, much higher than the proportion of micro landform in the non-disaster area.Conclusions: The topographic position index, slope, relative elevation and water body distance were adopted to describe the five typical micro landform characteristics of the transmission line with digital terrain analysis technology and the existing transmission line micro landform classification system. Mined the micro landform information, a micro landform extraction method of grid DEM for transmission line was established. Compared with the traditional manual sketching method, it is simple and efficient, and the boundary contour of the extraction results was obvious, which could provide basic support for transmission line construction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]