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The objective of this study was to describe changes in hemogram and selected biochemical analytes in blood and urine of 40 dogs with diabetes mellitus. The inclusion criteria were the following: hyperglycemia above 14 mmol/L, glucosuria and urine specific gravity above 1.015. Dogs of different breeds, from 4 to 14 years of age and both genders (30 females and 10 males) were studied. The analyzed diagnostic procedures were: packed cell volume, hemoglobin, red blood cell count, white blood cell count and differential cell count, Wintrobe index: mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, plasma proteins, globulins, serum glucose, alkaline phosphatase (AP), glucosuria and specific gravity. Anemia was present in 47.5% of the cases, nonregenerative normocytic-normochromic anemia in 37.5%, nonregenerative normocytic-hyperchromic anemia in 5.0% and nonregenerative microcytic-normochromic anemia in 5.0%. Leukocytosis was present in 15.0% cases, leukopenia in 10.0%, neutrophilia in 47.5%, left shift in 30.0%, lymphocytosis in 5.0%, lymphopenia in 27.5%, monocytosis in 5.0%, eosinopenia in 42.50% and eosinophilia in 10.0%. Only 10.0% of all dogs did not presented hemogram abnormalities. Alterations such as anemia, secondary inflammation and stress, are frequent in this pathology; for which they should be considered for clinical care, prognosis and to evaluate diabetic dog's evolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study was to describe alterations in blood clinical biochemistry and urinalysis which enable to establish the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus in dogs. Thirty cases of diabetic dogs were analyzed. The inclusion criteria were the following: hyperglycemia above 14 mmol/L, glucosuria, urine density above 1.014 and polyuria-polydipsia. Dogs of different breeds, from 7 months to 14 years of age and both genders (73.3% females and 26.7% males) were studied. The most frequent biochemical alterations in blood serum were: hyperglycemia (100%), increased urea (46%) and creatinine (13%), increase of enzyme activities ALT (50%), AST (46%), alkaline phosphatase (56%), amylase (20%), creatine kinase (66%); hypercholesterolemia (66%), hyperglobulinemia (33%), hyperphosphoremia (33%), hyperkaliemia (43%), hyponatremia (16%), hypochloremia (46%), hypobicarbonatemia (50%), increased anion gap (53%), increased strong ion difference (30%), increased serum osmolality (23%) and hypertriglyceridemia (50%). The urine density was between 1.015 and 1.064, mean value of urine glucose 49 mmol/L. Urine ketone bodies were detected in 10% of all cases. Described alterations in clinical biochemistry are important for the diagnosis, clinical care, and prognosis of dogs with diabetes mellitus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]