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The rational allocation and efficient utilization of land resources have become an important issue facing urban development, and the approval of construction land is the core link of land resource management, and its management efficiency is directly related to the effective use of land resources and the sustainability of urban development. This paper sorts out the relevant theories and practices of land use approval management, explores the analysis and evaluation process of land use approval management efficiency in megacities, constructs a comprehensive analysis and evaluation system for land use approval management efficiency, and conducts empirical research on the approval projects in Shanghai in 2023, extracts 86 projects from 9 approval units, and analyzes them by means of system comparison, database technology verification, and file review, and summarizes 30 items with a total of 360 specific approval problems based on the inspection results, integrates the results of many years of work practice, and summarizes 30 items with a total of 360 specific approval problems. This paper analyzes the serious deduction items and conducts research on the improvement path to adapt to the actual management of Shanghai, such as strengthening the application of the evaluation model for the efficiency of land use approval management, aiming to explore its impact on the standardized approval process, land use efficiency and sustainable urban development, and provide reference and enlightenment for the approval and supervision of other urban construction land. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]