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This paper analyses the behaviour of the populist parties in the Spanish Parliament. This involved examining the type of initiatives submitted and the voting patterns in the chamber, as well as the themes in the agendas of two parties, Unidas Podemos and Vox, in the 12th and 14th parliamentary terms. The literature suggests that populist parties engage in defiant and uncooperative behaviour in institutions and proposed differentiated and concentrated parliamentary agendas. However, I argue that this behaviour can be nuanced by contextual, ideological and strategic factors. The analysis suggests that the Spanish populist parties reproduce and amplify pre-existing ideological and territorial divisions in the legislative institution, instead of introducing new logics of conflict (e.g., populism/anti-populism). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to contrast with quantitative statistical analyses whether the determinants of Spaniards' preferences over favoring wealth taxation behave similarly across different policy alternatives. To do so, and based on the literature review, we exploit the special questionnaire included in the 2019 wave of the Spanish Institute for Fiscal Studies Fiscal Barometer and carry out three empirical exercises, each devoted to one of the three corresponding policy alternatives under scrutiny. We also perform a robustness check contrasting whether those determinants are the same for a single policy that would comprise these three policies at once. According to the results achieved, corroborated by those obtained from the robustness check, the determinants of Spaniards' toward favoring wealth taxation rely on self-interest arguments and values and behave almost entirely in a similar fashion across different policy alternatives. Several policy recommendations arise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study analyses the explanatory order of variables such as political identification, political efficacy and electoral participation in the political system from a multi-directional perspective. It also investigates how these variables are in turn influenced by segmentation variables, including age, gender, income, educational level, social class and religiosity. The paper examines the structural relationships between socio-demographic profiles and voter turnout, considering the potential influence of political efficacy and party identity. Structural models were applied using data from the CIS 3226 Survey. The findings indicate the significant role of political identification in explaining perceived political efficacy and electoral behaviour, the effect of political efficacy on voter turnout, and the changing influence of classical segmentation variables. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyses Spanish citizens' views of public service expenditure, related to their socio-demographic characteristics, values and political economic conjunctures. The study's contributions are: 1) Bringing the analysis up to the present time, including the COVID and post COVID periods; 2) Analysing the determinants by using a multivariate regression analysis; and 3) Studying the relationship between assessments of public service expenditure and actual spending, identifying significant patterns, especially in education and healthcare. The results obtained are robust, especially for welfare policy assessments. Important sociological changes in the assessment of public policies are identified and additional evidence is provided about the highly important role played by cultural values ("symbolic predispositions") with respect to "self-interest" in explaining the assessment of public spending. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The access of rural societies to welfare opportunities and resources is at the core of policy and research agendas. The persistent ruralurban gap increases the risks of exclusion and is a challenge that rural dwellers tackle by bolstering their mobility to access labour markets, resources and services. The car has become a vector in the connections and transformations that sustain rural life; however, this mobility is also a source of new fractures in social and territorial cohesion. This paper explores how the rural mobility system has been shaped and analyses its impact on these societies. The results suggest integrating the issue of mobility into rural policies from a more complex sociological perspective, addressing demographic challenges, regional development and territorial cohesion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Relying on aggregate-level or cross-sectional survey data, extant research suggests that economic inequality erodes social trust. In this article we distinguish between cross-sectional and longitudinal components of inequality, using a sample of approximately 140,000 individuals in 19 countries over a thirty year period (1990- 2020). Accounting for individual-level predictors as well as the direct and conditional effect of income, findings suggest a strong negative association between inequality and trust among countries. Individuals from countries with higher levels of inequality systematically report lower levels of trust, but evidence is less clear to substantiate that individuals are less trusting of one another during times of higher inequality. In the second part of the paper, we reassess these findings using subnational data for Spain between 2008 and 2022. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to analyse institutional change in the Spanish labour market in from a historical perspective, particularly regarding two main areas: labour regulation and collective bargaining. The main thesis is that it is possible to identify four main stages. Firstly, there was an institutional structure unfavourable to workers, which was overcome by the agency of the labour movement in the period of the so-called desarrollismo (1960-1975). Secondly, the years of transition from dictatorship to democracy (1976-1983) were a period of labour market regulation. Thirdly, there was a period of labour market dualism (1984-1996) based on the application of flexibility at the margin in the face of veto power. This was followed by deregulation (1997-2019), which was a consequence of the weakening of power resources resulting from the previous labour market segmentation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The theory of selective exposure maintains that individuals tend to choose news media outlets that are consistent with their beliefs. This paper examines selective exposure when there is public debate on the tensions between national identities, specifically, the debate between supporters of the independence of Catalonia and those opposed to it. The results showed that there was a strong correlation between position on independence and choice of television channel in Catalonia. Another determining factor was language. It was also noted that the degree of selective exposure intensified slightly at specific times when social polarisation increased throughout the period studied (2015-2020). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to determine the influence that the state of the economy had on the electoral behaviour of Andalusians in the regional election held on 2 December 2018. Structural equation modelling was used to analyse the perception that Andalusians had of the economic situation and whether this determined their electoral response to a minority parliamentary government, sustained with the support of the Ciudadanos party. Both our findings and the subsequent results in the 2018 Andalusian Parliament election showed a clear erosion of the support for the incumbent PSOE party, as well as for the main opposition party (PP). Ciudadanos, which had acted as support party, doubled its electoral base and improved its results, as did Vox. They were the only two parties to improve their previous electoral results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Following the 2015 attacks in France, the country's government decreed a state of emergency for two years, which was subsequently repealed in favor of a new counterterrorism law in October 2017. When analyzing the counterterrorism law, the implementation of certain measures taken from the state of emergency can be observed in the period of social and political normality. The objective of this paper is to determine which measures have been transferred from one period to the other. According to the analysis, new French counterterrorism legislation has been confirmed since the normalization of the 2015 state of emergency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper outlines the validation of a family social capital (FSC) scale designed using the paradigm of relational sociology, and its application to explore the relations between FSC and other forms of social capital (SC). An exploratory factor analysis employing a principal component analysis method yielded three components, which accounted for the "support", "unity" and "ambivalence" dimensions of FSC. A structural equation model was constructed to explore the relation between FSC and generalised SC and civic SC. The findings indicated that a satisfactory validation of the FSC scale was achieved, and that ambivalence is an intrinsic element of FSC, as studies on intergenerational family solidarity have demonstrated. Moreover, the support and unity dimensions of FSC were negatively related to ambivalence, and positively (and only partially) related to generalised SC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent studies show the high prevalence of respondents who perform other activities while responding questionnaires. Due to the scarcity of studies and the possible impact of multitasking on the quality of data, this paper analyses the percentage of respondents who multitask, and examines the most frequent secondary activities engaged in during an online survey conducted with panelists in Spain (N = 1,007). It also analyses a series of variables that are associated with different forms of multitasking and examines the effects of this on the quality of the data. The findings showed a high prevalence of multitaskers (39.7%). In addition, it was found that the profile of the participants varied according to the type of activity they carried out. The effect of multitasking on the quality of the data was limited. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article addresses territorial power relations in Spain by presenting an index of subnational autonomy, which assesses four decades of decentralized territorial authority in the country. Focusing mainly on Spain's regions, or Autonomous Communities, the study measures subnational autonomy in the fiscal, administrative, institutional and societal dimensions, and shows that subnational governments in Spain have been progressively enjoying higher levels of autonomy despite important setbacks experienced after the 2008 economic crisis. More specifically, the article highlights that this process presents identifiable patterns, which become manifest in the pace and order of granting autonomy. Furthermore, the paper provides some criteria for further research on the advances and setbacks of subnational autonomy in Spain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Disaffection has grown significantly during the current crisis period in Spain. This contradicts the culturalist theses defended by the large majority of researchers who study disaffection. New research questions continue to arise in this new context. This paper aims to verify whether these changes are produced by the political, economic and social crisis, which would corroborate the hypothesis that disaffection is a conjunctural political attitude by using a hierarchical linear cross-classified model. The findings suggest that conjunctural factors play a more important role in the determination of political disaffection in Spain, which highlights the weakness of culturalism in explaining the change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Austerity policies, as a response to the economic crisis of 2008, have undermined the capacity of welfare state institutions to deal with inequality and poverty, particularly in Mediterranean countries. This article aims to examine households' civic experience of the Spanish welfare regime. After analysing 24 in-depth interviews of households in hardship in a context of recession, the paper identifies three frameworks encompassing civic interrelations between the state and the individual: the disciplining framework (1), the framework of mistrust (2) and the framework of justice (3). These frameworks give accounts of semantic places and ways of understanding the citizenship experiences of the individuals in these households and the bonds that connect them (or not) to hegemonic discourses about the recession. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the results of a mixed-mode survey of the general population using a combination of postal, telephone, and Internet survey protocols. Potential respondents were invited to participate by ordinary mail and were allowed to choose their preferred response mode. The paper focuses on response quality (taking non-responses into consideration), fieldwork time and data collection cost. The results reveal that the Internet survey produces the lowest rate of non-responses and requires significantly less fieldwork time, although it is slightly more costly than the postal survey. However, when differences in cost structure are taken into account, we find that the same number of completed questionnaires could have been obtained through the Internet alone at a cost that is 18.2% lower than the mixed-mode survey. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper uses a regional perspective to analyse the progression of the risk of poverty or social exclusion (AROPE) rate in Spain during the recent crisis period. Various methodological issues related to how the components of the AROPE rate are integrated have brought into question its suitability as the Europe 2020 strategy indicator. As these problems are accentuated in the analysis of individual territories, this paper examines the effect of using regional poverty thresholds. When these are included, the risk of poverty or social exclusion is more consistent with the standard of living enjoyed in each territory. In addition, this paper mainly on the poverty rate by the application of a multiple linear regression model. Nonetheless, the explanatory power of the deprivation and employment indicators diminishes when using regional poverty thresholds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyses the mothering practices explored in a longitudinal qualitative study which focused on the dynamics within non-traditional, heterosexual, dual-income couples’ relationships, leading up to and following the birth of their first child. Each parent was interviewed separately twice. The first time during the pregnancy and the second approximately 12 months after their baby’s birth. It was found that for professional women, their first experience of motherhood brought with it both dilemmas and ambivalences. As a result, it became difficult to maintain the non-traditional interactions that occurred between the partners before their child’s birth. This paper also defines the concept of new motherhood, discusses the concepts of doing gender and undoing gender, and proposes a link between partially undoing gender in interactions and new motherhood practices in Spain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper approaches video gaming issues through a genealogy that traces the links between video games and Erving Goffman’s theories, based on his use of metaphors. Interactions and social life are therefore understood as a performative space where roles are played out, and Goffman’s four metaphors (drama, ritual, frame and game) operate. A qualitative analysis methodology based on interviews and participant observation (both virtual and face-to-face) was used to gain an understanding of gaming culture, while also studying the more subtle underlying traits of gaming interaction. To do this, a journey through the stages, interactions, performativities and mechanisms of socialisation that are present in video games are proposed, something that is becoming increasingly more ubiquitous and relevant in sociological concerns and analyses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent history has shown the inherent instability of the Spanish Regional Financing System. This system is key to the design of a fiscal framework aimed at ensuring budgetary stability, debt sustainability and transparency. In this paper we examine issues related to moral hazard and deficit bias from a game theory perspective. We combine classical concepts from game theory (Nash equilibrium, subgame perfection) with concepts derived from refinements (theory of moves) aimed at introducing dynamic elements in the normal-form game, rendering it more suitable for the study of repeated, recurrent interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Results from the fight against poverty have not been very significant when we consider the worldwide effort made in the last thirty years. Some areas even show stagnation, leading to the assumption that there is a poverty trap that prevents poor countries from achieving the necessary big push. Based on Myrdal's concept of circular cumulative causation, this paper proposes an econometric model to calculate the probability of developing countries falling into a poverty trap. The results show that there is a significant positive correlation between the level of unemployment and the probability of falling into a poverty trap, and thus, it is concluded that non-intergenerational mobility and the persistence of poverty are strongly associated with unemployment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

According to the selective exposure theory, individuals are exposed to the media based on their ideological orientations, and they seek messages that match their convictions. This paper proposes to expand the study of selective exposure beyond the left-right cleavage. It does so by exploring the importance of positions on the centre-periphery axis as predictors of media preferences through a logistic regression using data from the latest post-election survey conducted in Catalonia by the Spanish Centre for Sociological Research (CIS). The results underscore that there was a clear segmentation of audiences according to national identities: whereas citizens with nationalist inclinations preferred to consume Catalan media, non-nationalists preferred Spanish media. In addition, national identity was the most important explanatory factor for radio and television preferences, as opposed to the written press. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It has been stated that informal care is the 'preferred' option in Spain because this is the form of support used by the majority of the population. However, is this the ideal choice? This paper uses three surveys from the Spanish Centre for Sociological Research (1997, 2001 and 2009) to analyse the preferences of the Spanish population for three types of support in recent years: informal family-based caregiving; formal public and private services; or combined care, which is a combination of the two previous ones. The socio-demographic characteristics of the people who would opt for each one of them is also discussed. The results suggest that, whereas the preference for family caregivers remains the choice of the majority, the preference for formal forms of care has grown substantially in recent decades. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to reflect on the usefulness of metaphors for the social sciences. In view of the scant interest taken in their study from within these disciplines, some insights are proposed to further the socio-metaphorical approach, by applying it to the case of the Falangist political culture of the Spanish Civil War years and the immediate postwar period. Specifically, this article seeks to investigate the meaning of the recurrent metaphorical expressions relating to Spanish straightness, firmness and linearity. It concludes that their study can lead to a broader understanding of Spanish fascism in relation to the construction of its nationalist discourse and its conception of the masculine and feminine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is an innovative study about the territorial organisation of the Spanish State (TOSS) and how it is anchored and fits within definitions of nationhood. This is a technical contribution in the form of a codification protocol designed to measure changes in preferences regarding the TOSS and feelings of belonging to Spain and a given region in political discourse. Both social phenomena have experienced major changes in recent years; but in order to understand how these changes have occurred and how they have been legitimised by political elites, an instrument is needed to measure these changes systematically over time. A methodological framework is presented here that has been applied to a comparative study of five different Statutes of Autonomy and the reforms that they have undergone, together with a preliminary overview of the results produced by the protocol. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to analyze the development of the Second Demographic Transition in a rural area, consisting of nine Aragonese villages (Spain), in order to examine its distinctive characteristics with respect to the theoretical framework of the Second Demographic Transition and the Theory of the Reproductive Revolution. Data were extracted from a longitudinal database and from individual surveys. The results suggest that the study area was incorporated into the Second Demographic Transition in the mid-1970s, along with the rest of Spain. At the same time, similarities are found in the evolution of demographic variables with other Western areas, especially regarding the popularization of contraception and recreational and prenuptial sex. However, their socioeconomic characteristics, associated with rural and agricultural environments, appear to have conditioned the educational and occupational results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyses the structure of scientific collaboration within the disciplines of the Social Sciences, Arts and Humanities in Latin America between 2005 and 2015. This includes the reasons that lead specialists to work collaboratively, based on the fact that these communities adhere to the global trend towards an increasingly exogenous scientific dialogue. The analysis relies on 138,865 refereed articles by Latin American authors published in 838 journals indexed by Redalyc.org, and a survey of 515 researchers in the region. It was concluded that the trends towards and reasons for co-authoring are a result of current scientific policies, which have had an impact on the purpose of research and publications, and communication between researchers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The disputes about the climate change are about the future. This paper distinguishes between different discourses on climate change taht correspond to different ways of imagining the future. These differences correspond to alternative ways of conceiving the formal and practicalcognitive dimensions of future horizons. Given the relevance of social struggels over climate change and the confrontation of different imaginary futures, it concludes that, away from the diagnosis of the presentification, we find ourselves in a situation where a contested futurization dominates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent decades quantitative studies have documented an increase in paternal involvement. These changes have led to hypotheses of a new model of fatherhood. The aim of this paper is to explore the discourses of Spanish fathers regarding paternal involvement, identifying its structure and changing tendencies. The analysis is based on eight focus groups conducted in Madrid and Barcelona. Among the main findings we emphasize that the transition of fatherhood, not without contradictions, is causing the traditional homogeneous fatherhood to evolve toward a more complex and multidimensional conceptualization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the paper is to discover how important physical attractiveness is in finding a partner and in the type of partnership sought. Two surveys (2975 and 3004 by the CIS) and several methods were employed: linear probability models and fixed-effect multi-level models. For men, the results show that being unattractive decreases the likelihood of finding a partner, of finding a partner with a university degree, and of finding a partner with a higher educational level. For women, physical attractiveness does not affect the likelihood of any of those events occurring. The study has also found out that physical attractiveness has more of an influence on people with a working class background to find a partner with higher educational attainment. These results are unexpected and pose a challenge to the theory of erotic capital. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The technology labour market, where women are in the minority, represents an opportunity for employment in Spain. This paper analyses the data from the Labour Force Survey (known by its abbreviation in Spanish, 'EPA') in relation to the population employed in the technological sector. The gender segregation of the employed population is analysed by economic sector, together with the employment characteristics of women employed in the technological sector. The results indicate that job expectations are good for women in this sector, but also that they have a higher risk of being overqualified, which suggests that there are persistent discrimination factors. Finally, women expressed greater concern than their male counterparts about the excessive working hours, which raises the need for structural change in organisations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on tensions between the governments of Catalonia and Spain, using as a proxy the number of instances of litigations per year between these two bodies brought before the Constitutional Court between 1984 and 2014. On the one hand, descriptive statistics demonstrate that Catalonia is the most conflictive region in Spain. On the other hand, inferential statistics indicate that periods of absolute majority in the Spanish Parliament, the presence of a nationalist government in Catalonia, and funding problems of the Catalan Government tend to increase the number of inter-governmental conflicts with the Spanish Government. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this paper is to achieve a better understanding of the deprivation inequalities existing between immigrants from poor countries and natives. We assume that this risk is mainly explained by social class, but it is also necessary to consider immigrant-specific factors that may increase it. The analysis consisted of a combination of factorial and cluster analyses in order to obtain a typology of material deprivation, as well as several multinomial logistic regressions to determine which socio-demographic factors are more closely associated with each profile of material deprivation. The results indicate that social class is a powerful factor in explaining the material deprivation of immigrants from poor countries, but that it is not the only one. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper provides three interrelated reasons not to confound perceptions of economic group-threat with hostility toward people of foreign origin. Firstly, I argue that expansive notions of prejudice impede analyzing attitudes toward immigration and immigrants with sufficient precision. Secondly, the recent evolution in the Southern Spanish region of Andalusia illustrates divergent trajectories: anti-immigrant sentiment remained subdued despite surging unemployment and perceived conflict-of-interest. Thirdly, various factors are found to contain antiimmigrant sentiment amidst inauspicious economic circumstances and regardless of perceived group-competition. The study shows that attitudes towards immigrants hinge on a complex array of predispositions and perceptions, rather than economic facts and interests per se. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]