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This paper analyzes the impact of the automotive sector on the regional development of the Mexican lowlands region of Bajío. The staggered adoption of synthetic control methodology was used, considering the establishment of new automotive assembly plants in the states of the Bajío region between 2007 and 2014. It is estimated that for each new job created in automotive companies, an average of five additional jobs were created in the Bajío states, 78% outside the manufacturing sector. In addition, by promoting more significant economic opportunities, working poverty was reduced by an average of 10.5 percentage points. Finally, evidence was found that, in 2018, high school enrollment increased by 3%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper reports on an ex-ante evaluation of the long-term effect of the Ecuadorian social transfer programme called "Bono de Desarrollo Humano (BDH)" on human capital accumulation. A dynamic cohort microsimulation model is used to analyse for cost-effectiveness of different policy scenarios. Results show that cash transfers do promote human capital accumulation but with rather small effect. Transfers targeted at critical ages are the most cost-effective to promote human capital accumulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper introduces an empirical model drawing on data generated over a decade of analysis, aiming to explain the impact of intellectual property by using patent records as an indicator. The model moreover correlates patenting with economic development and growth in Mexico. The pattern that emerges is a positive tie between greater investment in research and development (R+D) on the one hand, and economic development and growth on the other, manifest in the rising volume of national patent applications. The development and implementation of public policies designed to augment intellectual capital and innovation could benefit an emerging economy like that of Mexico in countless ways. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper identifies the similarities and differences among Latin American structuralism, dependency theory, and Thorstein Veblen's Imperial Germany (1915), exploring the connection on such as aspects as path dependency, technology, and economic policy. Imperial Germany is similar to many of the principal policy recommendations espoused by the structuralists and dependency theorists. Nevertheless, structuralism is closer to the ideas of the institutionalists and Veblen himself. In conclusions, the structuralists and Veblen's version in Imperial Germany agree that an industrial policy ought to be guided by the government, even though Veblen and the institutionalists clearly see social change through technological improvement, which is missing from structuralism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the universe of literature on franchises, several studies have examined the impact of franchising on economic growth, tending to focus on growth rather than development, although the empirical research has already concluded that franchising does have an influence on economic growth. Likewise, some articles have underscored the importance and influence of franchising on development, but have failed to provide empirical proof of its true sway. With that in mind, this paper provides empirical evidence demonstrating the relationship between franchising and development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Energy policy, like any other public policy, requires the powers of the government to devise precise and coordinated provisions to efficiently manage a strategic sector. Every country adopts its own energy policy based on factors like resource endowment, macroeconomic policy, the regulatory framework, and its own vision of the relationship between the state and market in a given field, to name a few factors. This paper analyzes energy policy in twenty-first century Argentina, considering its most notable peculiarities, how it has changed and remained the same, and the principal challenges looming ahead. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper revives Fernando Fajnzylber's methodology, used to characterize Latin America's development pattern from the nineteen-sixties to the nineteen-eighties, leading him to describe it as a non-equitable growth pattern, which he termed the empty box. This time around, we analyze the last thirty years, aiming to reveal how the development pattern in the region has fundamentally changed, if it has changed at all, and find evidence as to whether the empty box, pursuant to its original definition, persists or not. Implicitly, the task is to propose a critical analysis of Latin American economic development in line with a classic structuralist work, as Fajnyzylber's research is. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reexamines the prevailing development strategy in Cuba, observing the variables of dependency and structural heterogeneity. It aims to elucidate how, despite a political disconnect on the island, its socialist development strategy is encountering significant challenges driven by the degree of heterogeneity in its economy and the depth of its reliance on the global system of exchange. Some of the most significant challenges facing the prevailing development strategy are as follows: a) how to evaluate the effects of the incorporation of supranational actors into the frameworks of structural heterogeneity, due to the insufficiency of financing and capital; and b) how to achieve endogenous growth beginning with the incorporation of human capital achieved on the island. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper examines the relationship between the performance of Latin American stock markets with their real economies, applying seven econometric models for the cases of Argentina, Brazil, Chile and Mexico. The relationship between stock market yields in these countries and their respective GDPS is examined and compared, applying to the series for each country unit root tests, cointegration analysis, error correction model analysis, Granger causality modeling, self-regression vector analysis, stimulus and response functions, and variance decomposition analysis. The series comprise the following stock markets: Argentina's MERVAL, Brazil's BOVESPA, Chile's IGPA, and Mexico's IPC, as compiled by Economática. The GDP series were obtained from the Cepalstat data base. The series are monthly and are for the period 1993-2005. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the middle of the 1990s, India's energy system has been showing new signs of the beginning of a transition in which the functioning of energy demand and supply will tend to correspond to the requirements of economic development. First, this paper examines recent energy changes, after which it analyzes their relationship with the process of economic and social transformation which the country is experiencing, with the aim of discovering the factors that are determining the beginning of the energy transition. It then shows how the trends derived from those economic and social factors are inducing the increase and growing diversification in energy demand. From that perspective -and in line with the available supplies of energy resources -we analyze why the deepening of the energy transition will lead inexorably to greater external dependence, above all for petroleum, but also for natural gas and uranium. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Starting from the profound transformations in the Argentine economy in recent years, this paper analyzes the evolution of trade specialization patterns, due to their effects on the long-term sustainability of economic growth and income distribution. This shows that, although a strong expansion in exports has been seen recently, the pattern of trade specialization continues to reflect a concentrated profile of primary goods and manufactures with low-level technology and job content. In other words, there has still been no structural transformation in the competitiveness of sectors unassociated with natural resources, compared with those that make abundant use of them. However, this phenomenon is taking place in a context where important modifications are occurring in the distribution of trade balances with different partners, where China is starting to acquire an important role. At the same time, the study points to the relationship between these modifications and the evolution of the pattern of specialization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]