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The Internet of Things (IoT) has emerged as an inevitable part of human life, that includes online learning, smart homes, smart cars, smart grids, smart cities, agriculture, and e-healthcare. It allows us to operate them 24/7 from anywhere. These smart IoT devices streamline our daily lives by automating everything around us. Several security issues have arisen with the continuous growth of non-secure IoT devices. Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack is one of the most prominent security threats to Internet-based services and IoT platforms. It has the potential to break down the victim's server or network by transferring an immense amount of irrelevant traffic from the pool of compromised IoT devices. In this article, we present: (i) A comprehensive cyberattacks taxonomy for IoT platforms, (ii) Systematically demonstrate IoT technology: evolution, applications, and challenges, (iv) Systematic review of existing machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL)-based detection approaches for large-scale IoT traffic-based DDoS attacks, (v) Characterize publicly available IoT-traffic-specific datasets, and (vi) Discuss various open research issues with possible solutions for detecting IoT traffic-based DDoS attacks, including future directions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Internet of Things (IoT) has achieved exponential growth worldwide. Although the IoT is used by millions of users, these networks are handicapped by attacks such as denial of service, man in the middle, and spoofing. These attacks threaten the entire IoT ecosystem and affect the integrity and security of the user. Hence, the prediction and identification of novel network attacks in an IoT network remains a challenge for researchers. Recently, machine learning and deep learning have played a pivotal role in predicting and classifying different attacks in an IoT network. However, these algorithms suffer from computational complexity as the number of attacks increases. Hence, a novel hybrid optimized long short-term memory (LSTM) approach is proposed. Whereas a convolutional neural network is used to extract the temporal and spatial correlated features of the IoT network, the optimized LSTM is used to predict the different attacks in the network. Furthermore, firefly swarm optimization is integrated with LSTM to reduce the computational overhead, which in turn increases the prediction accuracy. Nearly 19,00,503 real-time normal and attack data were collected from the experimental simulation setup based on the OMNET++–Python–IoT framework. Extensive experimentation was carried out to evaluate the proposed algorithm, and various metrics, such as accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and F1-score, were calculated and compared with state-of-the-art learning-based network intrusion detection systems. Furthermore, other benchmarks, such as the CIDCC-15, UNSW-NB15, and NSL-KDD datasets, were used to evaluate the performance of the different deep-learning-based intrusion detection systems. The results demonstrate that the proposed deep-learning method outperforms other classical learning models with low complexity and high prediction performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]