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Abstract Metal ions and fiber are common compounds in the livestock and poultry manure, which will affect the fate of organic compounds in aqueous environment. However, limited research has addressed the effect of coexisting metal ions and fiber on the biodegradation of sulfonamide antibiotics. Accordingly, a compositing study was performed to assess the effect of metal ions (Fe3 + and Cu2 +) on the biodegradation of sulfadimethoxine sodium salt (SDM) in the presence of fiber. The enhanced adsorption of SDM onto fiber in the presence of metal ions can be attributed to the π+–π electron donor acceptor (EDA) interaction. The microbial (Phanerochaete chrysosprium) could easily attach onto fiber forming attached microbial, and the degradation rates of SDM of immobilized bacteria in the presence of Fe3 + were 100%, which were significantly higher than those of free bacteria (45%). This study indicates that Fe3 + and fiber could enhance the biodegradation of SDM. Fiber acts as adsorbent, carrier, and substrate which enhanced the removal of SDM. Graphical abstract Unlabelled Image [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]