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Optimizing the layout of monitoring sample points according to the spatial distribution characteristics of cultivated land quality can improve the monitoring efficiency and accuracy of cultivated land quality. In this paper, the environmental factors that change synergistically with cultivated land quality were selected as auxiliary variables, the spatial variation characteristics of cultivated land quality were analyzed by geostatistics, and the layout scheme of cultivated land quality monitoring sample points was optimized by Cokriging method. The results showed that the interpolation accuracy of 66 monitoring points obtained by Cokriging under the optimal（5 km×5 km）grid interval was better than that of ordinary Kriging under the small（2 km×2 km）grid interval; Under the same grid layout, the interpolation accuracy of monitoring points obtained by Cokriging method was better than that of ordinary Kriging. This shows that the Cokriging method combined with easily obtained auxiliary variable information can optimize the layout of cultivated land quality monitoring points, obtain the sample point scheme with fewer monitoring points, reduce the cost and improve the accuracy of cultivated land quality monitoring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cultivated land is the oldest and most extensive human-land system formed by human civilization through the transformation of the earth′s surface for thousands of years. The ability of cultivated land system to maintain stable production and healthy environment is reflected in the quality characteristics of cultivated land, under certain technical and economic conditions within a certain period of time, and the development and utilization value is expressed as the resource attribute of cultivated land. This paper clarifies the cultivated land system, the quality of cultivated land and cultivated land resources, on the basis of cognitive connotation and evolution process. The "nature - humanity" constituent elements and their coupling relationship of cultivated land resources are analyzed, characteristics and formation mechanism of "horizontal-vertical" structure, "production-ecology-living" function synergy and transformation relationship. The exchange process and response mechanism of "matter-energy-information", and the service value and evolution law of "economy-ecologysociety", the cognitive system of cultivated land resources is constructed, which is "two-dimensional factor-triple function-multiple value". A new way of systematically recognizing cultivated land resources is proposed, deconstructing the internal mechanism and external value of cultivated land resources, service farmland protection and quality improvement and natural resource assets "two unified" management, to support the construction of a new pattern of resource utilization and cultivated land protection under high-quality crossdomain development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]