1. Influences of Salt Stress on Cotton Metabolism and Its Consequential Effects on the Development and Fecundity of Aphis gossypii Glover.
- Author
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Jiao, Wangquan, Song, Bingmei, Pan, Hongsheng, and Liu, Xiaoning
- Subjects
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COTTON aphid , *AGRICULTURAL ecology , *SOIL salinization , *PLANT parasites , *HOST plants , *LONGEVITY - Abstract
Simple Summary: In this study, 0 mM NaCl was used as the control, while 75 mM NaCl (4.4‰ salt content) and 150 mM NaCl (8.8‰ salt content) were employed to simulate mild and moderate salinized soil environments, respectively. The differences in the metabolome of cotton plants under different salt stress conditions and the fitness of cotton aphids (Aphis gossypii Glover) were analyzed. The results demonstrated a significant decrease in fecundity, adult longevity, and survival rate of cotton aphids on salt-stressed cotton plants with increasing NaCl concentration. Furthermore, it was observed that higher concentrations of NaCl led to the upregulation of 49 metabolites and the downregulation of 86 metabolites closely associated with the growth, development, and fecundity of cotton aphids. Therefore, these substances present in cotton leaves play a crucial role as mediators influencing the growth and development of cotton aphids. The degree of global soil salinization is gradually deepening, which will inevitably affect agricultural ecology. It has been found that salt stress induces the resistance of host plants to phytophagous pests. However, little is known about the effects of salt-stressed cotton plants on the fitness of cotton aphids (Aphis gossypii Glover). In this study, we investigated the differences between cotton metabolomes under mild (75 mM NaCl) and moderate (150 mM NaCl) salinity conditions and their effects on the fitness of cotton aphids. The results showed that 49 metabolites exhibited significant upregulation, while 86 metabolites were downregulated, with the increasing NaCl concentration. The duration of nymphal aphids under 150 mM NaCl significantly extended to 6.31 days when compared with the control (0 mM NaCl, 4.10 days). Meanwhile, the longevity of adult aphids decreased significantly under 75 and 150 mM NaCl, with an average of 10.38 days (0 mM NaCl) reduced to 8.55 and 4.89 days, respectively. Additionally, the total reproduction number of single females decreased from 31.31 (0 mM NaCl) to 21.13 (75 mM NaCl) and 10.75 (150 mM NaCl), whereas the survival rate of aphids decreased from 81.25% (0 mM NaCl) to 56.25% (75 mM NaCl) and 34.38% (150 mM NaCl) on the 12th day. These results support the hypothesis that plants growing under salt stress are better defended against herbivores. Furthermore, 49 differential metabolites were found to be negatively correlated with the longevity and fecundity of adult aphids, while 86 different metabolites showed the opposite trend. These results provide insights into the occurrence and control of cotton aphids amidst the escalating issue of secondary salinization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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