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[Display omitted] • Four types of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofiber membranes loaded with oregano essential oil (OEO) and AgNPs were prepared. • The AgNPs/OEO composite nanofiber membrane exhibited excellent antifungal effects against Aspergillus niger on rice paper. • The main components in OEO are volatilized in the gas phase, exhibit optimal antifungal activity under non-contact condition. • There was minimal change in the color and oxidation degree of the paper relics when exposed to the nanofiber membrane. Electrospinning technology is an innovative method used to synthesize continuous ultra-fine polymer fibers of nanomaterials, offering a mild processing environment that enables the integration of bioactive substances, metal particles, and polymer matrix materials. Notably, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) exhibit significant and eco-friendly antibacterial properties, as these small-sized metal nanoparticles can penetrate bacterial cells swiftly and induce quick sterilization. Additionally, oregano essential oil (OEO), extracted from natural plants, is an environmentally safe agent with broad-spectrum antibacterial and strong antioxidant properties. In this study, four types of electrospun membranes were prepared: polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofiber membranes, oregano essential oil (OEO) nanofiber membranes, silver nanofiber membranes loaded with oregano essential oil (AgNPs/OEO), silver nanofiber membranes (AgNPs). To characterize these membranes, their surface morphology, crystalline phase structures, and functional group characteristics were analyzed. The antibacterial effects of these four membranes on rice paper were then investigated through contact and non-contact experiments. Finally, AgNPs/OEO composite film exhibited excellent antifungal effects against Aspergillus niger on rice paper under both conditions and was essentially non-invasive to the paper cultural relic's ontology, offering a new method for the conservation of paper cultural relics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The new chemical composition was found for studied sample. • There are some errors in the crystallographical part of the commented paper. • The crystal Ba 3 Bi 2 WO 9 does not exist. My comments concern the serious errors in the crystallographic part of the commented paper. Authors have proposed that their sample presents a new crystal with the supposed chemical formula Ba 3 Bi 2 WO 9. However, the correct analysis shows that the studied sample is a mixture of at least two compounds, Ba 3 W 2 O 9 and Ba 3 WO 6. As a result, the subsequent data on physical properties of the sample may be without a scientific value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Green fluorescent CM-CDs were prepared using cysteine and maltose as precursors. • Green fluorescent CM-CDs showed λ Ex/Em at 420/511 nm. • CM-CDs acted as a sensor for sensing of venlafaxine via fluorescence "turn-off" mechanism. • This method exhibited wider linear range (0.1–180 µM) with a LOD of 75.15 nM for venlafaxine. • This method successfully applied to assay venlafaxine in biofluids and pharmaceutical samples. In this work, the green emissive carbon dots (CDs) were fabricated using cysteine and maltose as bio-precursors via refluxing process. The emission and excitation peaks of fabricated cysteine-maltose CDs (CM-CDs) are noticed at 511 and 420 nm, respectively. The as-fabricated CM-CDs displayed average mean size of 3.63 ± 1.12 nm with uniform spherical shape and good quantum yield of 32.81 %. Importantly, the as-fabricated CM-CDs act as a sensor for venlafaxine an anti-depression drug sensing via a fluorescence "turn-off" mechanism. The fluorescence lifetime of CM-CDs was 1.34 ns. The as-fabricated CM-CDs were highly sensitive towards venlafaxine, displaying good linear range from 0.1 to 180 µM with the limit of detection of 75.15 nM. The fluorescence of CM-CDs was reduced with the interaction of venlafaxine, thereby favoring to develop CM-CDs-based cellulose paper sensor for venlafaxine assay. The fabricated sensor was effectively utilized for the quantification of venlafaxine in pharmaceutical and biological samples with good recovery rates (96.01––99.65 %). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • First report on use of BaTaO 2 N as a photocathode (duly nanocomposited), and of CuO QDs as a source for nanocomposite formation. • Inexpensive carbon paper was used as an effective electrode substrate instead of an FTO plate. • Nanocomposite photocatalyst, BTN-CuO QD showed a photocurrent density of 3.1 mA cm−2 at 0 V vs RHE (∼83 % improvement from BTN CuO case). • BTN-CuO QD nanocomposites show a reduction in charge transfer resistance when compared to BTN-CuO samples. • The reported oxynitride-oxide nanocomposite is shown to be much more viable than the BTN CuO phase for water splitting (for HER). Barium tantalum oxynitride (BaTaO 2 N) has been demonstrated to be an attractive catalyst for photo-electrochemical water splitting, especially oxygen evolution reactions. However, the hydrogen production rates and charge transfer resistances of BTN leave much to be desired from a practical standpoint. In fact, it has never been reported for photocathode applications. On the other hand, CuO has been reported for hydrogen evolution reactions. Given this, here nanocomposites of BaTaO 2 N and copper oxide quantum dots (CuO QDs), where the latter are digestively ripened, are reported for photoelectrochemical water splitting on a carbon paper substrate. To assess the role of ultra-small quantum dots, composites of commercially available CuO nanoparticles with BaTaO 2 N were also tested. BaTaO 2 N and CuO QD nanocomposites performed well and showed a high photocurrent density of 3.1 mA cm−2 at 0 V vs RHE. This was also accompanied by reduced charge transfer resistance (225.4 Ω) due to the high interfacial surface area provided by nanoscopic CuO on BaTaO 2 N. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Recent updates on Green fabrication of graphene based nanomaterials. • Offers mechanism photo-adsorptive degradation for environmental remediation. • Discussion on synthesis through conventional and green methodology with advantages. • Five-year scientific assessment for removal of environmental contaminants by GBNMs. During past decades, concerns about water contamination and its adverse consequences on the ecosystem have increased with population growth and industrial development. Recently, carbon- based nanomaterials, especially Graphene and its derivatives, have shown their excellent potential in eradicating water pollutants via photocatalysis. This review article summarizes the cleaner production of graphene-based engineered nanomaterials (GBNMs) to lessen environmental pollutants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, dyes, pesticides, heavy metals, phenols, and pharmaceutical waste from water. GBNMs-based solar radiation-assisted catalysts are a promising tool for environmental remediation and may provide facile alternatives to achieve a clean environment and pure water. This paper also comprehensively discusses various methodologies (conventional and green) for synthesizing GBNMs and their advantages over conventional methods. Moreover, GBNMs also offer a mechanism for adsorption and photocatalytic degradation to eliminate environmental contaminants. The last five years of study in this enormous field have been evaluated scientifically and analyzed. This review paper further addressed potential fixes, difficulties, and impending development prospects for GBNMs catalysts in sustainable applications in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The crystal structure, three-dimensional Young's modulus projection and band structure of Ba 2 AsXO 6 (X = V, Nb, Ta). [Display omitted] • The double perovskite oxides basic properties of Ba 2 AsXO 6 (X = V, Nb, Ta) are predicted via first-principles. • The theoretical calculation shows that these materials satisfy the stuctural, thermodynamic and mechanical stability. • The results show that they are potential photoelectric and thermoelectric materials. • This paper can provide a theoretical reference for the further study of Ba 2 AsXO 6 (X = V, Nb, Ta). In this paper, the structural, mechanical, electronic, optical and thermodynamic properties of Ba 2 AsXO 6 (X = V, Nb, Ta) double perovskite oxides have been studied based on the first principles of density functional theory. By calculating some parameters such as Goldsmith's tolerance factor (t G), octahedral factor (µ), Bartel's tolerance factor (τ), formation energy, binding energy and elastic constants, it is found that these double perovskite oxides have the potential for stable existence. In addition, Ba 2 AsXO 6 (X = V, Nb, Ta) is an anisotropic material, in which Ba 2 AsVO 6 is brittle, Ba 2 AsNbO 6 and Ba 2 AsTaO 6 are ductile. The electronic properties of the materials show that Ba 2 AsVO 6 and Ba 2 AsNbO 6 are indirect bandgap semiconductors with a band gap of 1.676 eV and 2.654 eV respectively, while Ba 2 AsTaO 6 is direct bandgap semiconductor with a band gap of 3.252 eV. The optical properties revealed that these perovskites exhibit favorable far-ultraviolet light absorption characteristics. The thermodynamic properties show that the specific heat capacity of these double perovskite oxides reaches the Dulong-Petit limit at around 800 K. These results indicate that Ba 2 AsXO 6 (X = V, Nb, Ta) double perovskite oxides have broad application prospects in the fields of thermoelectricity and optoelectronics. Furthermore, these results also provide a valuable theoretical basis for their future experimental synthesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

MOF exhibits the significant selectivity toward Fe3+ / Al3+ ions and fluorescent test papers for rapid on-site detection have been developed. [Display omitted] • MOF 1 exhibits the significant selectivity toward Fe3+ and Al3+ ions. • The excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) phenomenon has been Observed. • MOF 1 could be prepared as fluorescent test papers for rapid on-site detection. By virtue of mixed ligand strategy (2,5-Bis(1 H -pyrazole-4-ylmethylene)-cyclopentanone and 2,5-dihydroxyterephthalic acid / terephthalic acid), four new metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) were fabricated and characterized. When 2,5-dihydroxyterephthalic acid acted as auxiliary ligand, MOFs 1 – 3 show 1D chain structure. 4 containing auxiliary ligand terephthalic acid (without − OH group) displays a 2D layer structure. Notably, 1 exhibits the significant selectivity toward Fe3+ and Al3+ ions, whereas the fluorescence intensity of 4 changed slightly in the presence of various metal ions, indicating that uncoordinated –OH in 1 plays an important role in sensing process. Moreover, it is revealed that 1 could act as dual-functional fluorescent probe toward Fe3+ and Al3+ with selectivity, sensitivity and reusability, and it could be prepared as fluorescent test papers for rapid on-site detection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • This paper aims to provide simplified knowledge to junior scientists. • The paper aims to serve as a reference for future researchers in the field. • This review focuses on electrocatalysis and beneficial electrocatalytic properties. • Advances in the various types of electrocatalysts are reported. This paper reviews aspects related to hydrogen as an energy carrier, starting with discussing reasons for its use. Recent strategies developed for hydrogen production include steam methane reforming, gasification, photocatalysis, plasmolysis, and electrocatalysis. Important information regarding their respective advances and challenges are briefly presented. This review focuses on electrocatalysis, the types of cells used, and beneficial electrocatalytic properties. Moreover, recent advances in the various types of electrocatalysts, such as perovskites, polymers, metal oxides, phosphides, nitrides, sulfides, noble metals, carbon-based materials, and MOFs, are reported. This paper aims to provide simplified knowledge to junior scientists, high-school beginners, and low-expertise people in the hydrogen energy field to enrich their knowledge regarding this field. According to our faith, each person was once a beginner. This paper aims to serve as a reference for future researchers in the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cu-MOF-1 heated to remove the free state water molecules in the structure can transcrystallize into Cu-MOF-2 , which can be applied to the temperature sensing performance using the color change. Secondly, Cu@1000 derived from Cu-MOF-1 has the advantages of uniformity of metal nanodispersion and abundant defect sites, which can accelerate the catalytic reduction of nitro compounds to amino compounds. [Display omitted] • Cu-MOF-1 is a new type of MOF and can be used as a template to prepare a variety of materials. • Cu-MOF-1 can convert to Cu-MOF-2 by SCSC which can be served as a temperature sensor. • Cu-MOF-1 can be served as a precursor to generate nanostructure by a single-step pyrolysis. • Cu@1000 showed efficient catalytic effect on 4-NP with a rate constant (Kapp) of 1.699 min−1 and also showed strong catalytic efficiency for all nitro compounds. In this paper, we have synthesized a new light blue crystal Cu-MOF-1 with Cu(II) as the central metal ion by using two mixed ligands, where N,N'-bis(3-pyridyl)adipamide (3-bpaa) and fumaric acid (H 2 FA). Taking this material as the precursor of the study, it is found that Cu-MOF-1 possesses a single-crystal-to-single-crystal (SCSC) transition phenomenon, using its structure in the free state of water molecules in the heating process will be dehydrated and thus transformed into dark blue crystal Cu-MOF-2. This color distinctive change can be intuitively identify the temperature conversion, and thus be applied to the direction of the temperature sensing. Moreover, using Cu-MOF-1 as a precursor, the carbon-based nanostructured materials (Cu@X) of Cu and Cu x O were derived from Cu-MOF-1 as a precursor in a straightforward and effective a single-step pyrolysis under different temperatures (400 °C, 600 °C, 800 °C and 1000 °C). As a result, Cu@1000 shown good activity (100 % conversion within 5 min) in the reduction of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) by the presence of sodium borohydride (NaBH 4) at mild circumstances, yielding a rate constant (K app) of 1.699 min−1. This remarkable performance is due to the utilization of both the uniform distribution of Cu-based nanoparticals (CuNPs) in the carbon matrix and the abundance of defect sites in the surface. This paper describes innovative MOF-derived catalysts that can be employed in a range of useful applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Recent progress in heavy metal removal from waste water by iron based NPs. • Concentration, pH, temperature, amount of adsorbent affect removal of heavy metal ions. • A critical analysis and assessment are cultivated for the remediation of heavy metal ions. • Research gaps and prospective researches are recognized based on the survey. • Brief Summarization of heavy metal ion sensing/detection and remediation mechanism. Heavy metal contamination presents a significant environmental concern due to its persistence and harmful effects on ecosystems and human health. This paper offers an overview of various techniques utilized for the removal of heavy metals from water. Specifically, it focuses on the remediation of heavy metal-polluted environments using nanoparticles, with Fe-based nanoparticles emerging as a popular option due to their high reactivity, adsorption capabilities, and versatility in cleaning up environmental contaminants. The paper provides a comprehensive examination of several Fe-based nanoparticles, including surface-functionalized iron nanoparticles, Fe 2 O 3 , Fe 3 O 4 , and nano zero-valent iron (NZVI), highlighting their applications in the removal of heavy metal pollutants. Various reaction pathways, such as precipitation, adsorption, reduction, and oxidation, between heavy metals and Fe-based nanoparticles are thoroughly explained. Methods such as precipitation involve the formation of insoluble precipitates through the addition of chemicals, while ion exchange relies on materials that replace heavy metal ions in water. Adsorption utilizes substances like activated carbon to attract and bind heavy metal ions, and chelation forms stable complexes for easier removal. Bioremediation employs microorganisms and plants to accumulate or transform heavy metals, while electrochemical methods and membrane filtration utilize electric current and selective barriers, respectively, for effective removal. Additionally, the study emphasizes the influence of surrounding circumstances (e.g., pH, catalyst dose, and concentration of pollutants) and kinetic modules on the reactivity of Fe-based nanoparticles with heavy metals. Lastly, it discusses the environmental risks associated with the use of Fe-based nanoparticles and suggests future directions for their application in remediation efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • HC/BiOCl binary composite photocatalyst was prepared by a simple solvothermal method. • Waste crops are used as raw materials, the power of simulated lamp is as low as 70 W. • HC/BiOCl has strong photocatalytic performance and good cycle stability. • HC/BiOCl has strong visible light absorption ability. • It has low electron hole recombination and high photogenerated carrier separation. The wide band gap of BiOCl limits its application in the visible region. In this study, biochar (HC) and BiOCl were combined to synthesize HC/BiOCl composites with good visible light catalytic activity by a simple and efficient solvothermal method. The morphology and composition of the samples were characterised by SEM, TEM, XRD, XPS and UV–Vis spectra. The degradation ability of Rhodamine B (RhB) by HC/BiOCl with different biochar doping levels was investigated under 70 W metal halide lamp irradiation. The results show that HC/BiOCl has strong photocatalytic degradation ability and good cyclic stability for RhB. After 70 W metal halide lamp irradiation for 40 min, the degradation efficiency of RhB reached 98.07 %, and its kinetic rate constant is about 3.04 times that of BiOCl monomer. It is found that HC/BiOCl has low electron hole recombination, high photogenerated carrier separation rate and strong visible light absorption capacity, which are the main reasons for its good photocatalytic activity. The mechanism studies found that holes (h+) and superoxide radicals (·O 2 −) are the main active species during the photocatalytic reaction process. In this paper, peanut shells were used as the raw material of biochar, which is conducive to the recycling of agricultural waste and the reduction of secondary environmental pollution. At the same time, the prepared HC/BiOCl can efficiently degrade organic pollutants at low energy consumption (70 W metal halide lamp). Therefore, this paper provides a feasible and environmentally friendly solution for the degradation of organic pollutants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • The dual functional fluorescent probe BPTD is sensitive for Ni2+ and ClO−. • The probe BPTD has the characteristics of good water solubility, low detection limit and rapid detection. • The probe BPTD has been successfully used to make convenient and low-cost Ni2+ and ClO− fluorescence test paper. In order to specifically detect Ni2+ and ClO−, a double functional s -triazine-phenothiazine fluorescent probe (BPTD) was synthesized, in which the multiple nitrogen atoms in s -triazine and hydrazone connecting arm were used for recognizing Ni2+, sulfur atom in phenothiazine was used as the reaction site for recognizing ClO−. BPTD has excellent optical properties: a large Stokes shift (131 nm) and good stability in a wide pH range (3.00 ∼ 12.00). Compared to the two fluorophores (s -triazine and phenothiazine), fluorescence emission peak of BPTD produces a large red-shift. The spectral experimental results show that BPTD can detect Ni2+ (5 ∼ 80 μM) and ClO− (10 ∼ 40 μM) with high selectivity and strong anti-interference. Compared with the reported fluorescent probes for detection of Ni2+, BPTD can detect Ni2+ more sensitively (response time 2.5 min, red shift 26 nm, the limit of detection (LOD) 98 nM), and simultaneously achieve the goal of highly sensitive detection of ClO− (response time 20 s, blue shift 18 nm, LOD 96 nM). BPTD can be applied to qualitative and quantitative detection of Ni2+ and ClO− in actual water samples, and made into portable test paper for rapid detection of Ni2+ and ClO−. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Exploration of innovative drug delivery systemsfor efficient fludarabine administration in cancer treatment. • Emphasis on stimuli-responsive systems offering a breakthrough for targeted drug release within tumors. • Promising outcomes in clinical trials with combination therapies showcasing improved cancer treatment approaches. • Encapsulation of fludarabine in nanoparticles optimizing cancer treatment outcomes. The need to improve the effectiveness of cancer treatment and minimize side effects highlights the need of investigating improved methods of delivering the drug fludarabine (FLU), which is crucial in the treatment of hematological malignancies. Polymeric nanoparticles (NPs), liposomes, dendrimers, and hydrogels are some of the drug delivery systems (DDS) studied for the purpose of delivering FLU. This paper provides a review of these various DDS. It is discussed that there are polymer systems that are both non-responsive and stimuli-responsive. There is an emphasis placed on stimuli-responsive systems that deteriorate under conditions that are specific to tumors, such as low pH. It is also examined how fludarabine can be administered in conjunction with other medications, such as mitoxantrone and dexamethasone. The following is a summary of several combination therapies that have been proven to be successful in clinical studies and that make use of fludarabine. The most important findings suggest that encapsulating fludarabine in nanoparticles can improve its efficacy, lessen its toxicity, and make it possible to co-deliver drug combinations for synergistic effects. Stimuli-responsive systems possess the potential to offer a method for the targeted release of drugs within tumors. On the whole, the introduction of more sophisticated drug delivery platforms continues to make fludarabine a more effective option for treating cancer. Continued progress in drug delivery systems, particularly in the creation of multi-responsive and tailored methods, show potential for improving the effectiveness of fludarabine as a treatment. These advancements will be essential in maximizing the efficiency and security of fludarabine in cancer therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • A Keggin polyoxometalate (POM)-sulfadiazine porous material has been prepared. • The hybrid compound (A) showed irreversible redox processes at some potentials. • The structure of the hybrid material contains solvent accessible voids. • Thermal properties of the hybrid compound (A) were investigated by TGA/DTA. • The loss of the adsorbed water molecules on the hybrid compound (A) starts at 28 °C. In this paper, a new supramolecular assembled Keggin polyoxometalate (POM) based organic-inorganic porous material (A; [HSiMo 12 O 40 ].3[C 10 H 11 N 4 O 2 S].48H 2 O) containing the compound sulfadiazine (SZD) has been prepared and its molecular structure was determined. To characterize the hybrid compound (A), X-ray crystallography, MALDI-TOF, UV–Vis, photoluminescence and FTIR methods were used. The electrochemical properties of the Keggin POM, SZD and porous hybrid (A) compounds were investigated in the −1.8 – 1.8 V range and the redox processes at some potentials of the hybrid compound (A) are irreversible at 250 and 500 mV/s scan rates. Thermal stability properties of the hybrid compound (A) were investigated by the TGA/DTA instruments. The loss of the adsorbed water molecules on the hybrid compound (A) starts at 28 °C temperature. Crystal structure of the hybrid compound contains a Keggin type polyoxometalate [HSiMo 12 O 40 ]3− and three monoprotonated sulfadiazinium (HSZD)+ cations. In the structure of the hybrid material, there are solvent accessible voids along a axis filled with water molecule. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A family of Cu-based materials was derived from a Cu-MOF with different dopants by pyrolysis method. The structures of the materials and iodine adsorption properties were investigated in detail. [Display omitted] • A Cu-MOF was employed as the precursor to derived Cu-based materials by pyrolysis. • Ammonium tetrathiomolybdate, hydroquinone, glucose and urea were selected for dopants. • By doping hydroquinone, Cu-2 had a better adsorption effect on iodine solution and iodine vapor. • Reaction temperature and interfering ion on the removal of iodine had been investigated. • The mechanism of iodine adsorption had been studied in detail. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have gained a lot of attention due to their variable pore size and large surface area. Although MOFs and their derived materials have shown encouraging performance in radioiodine capture, there are still drawbacks such as poor stability, poor selectivity, low adsorption capacity and long adsorption time, as well as insufficiently systematic studies on the structural effects of doping with different functional groups as well as acid-base materials on MOFs. Thus, developing adsorbents with high iodine adsorption efficiency is a difficult issue. In this paper, a Cu-MOF ([Cu 2 (3-bpah)(1,4-NDC) 2 ]·(1,4-H 2 NDC)·3H 2 O, where 3-bpah = N,N'-bis(3-pyridylformamide)-1,2-cyclohexane, 1,4-H 2 NDC = 1,4-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid) was employed as the precursor and selected ammonium tetrathiomolybdate (1), hydroquinone (2), glucose (3), urea (4) for doping precursors. As a result, four different porous materials with different structures, namely Cu-1, Cu-2, Cu-3 and Cu-4, were prepared by pyrolysis under 800 °C. Meanwhile, the structures of the materials and iodine adsorption properties were investigated in detail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Facile preparation of Zn 2 SiO 4 /g-C 3 N 4 nanocomposites by ultrasonic-assisted co-precipitation methods. • The various amounts of Zn 2 SiO 4 influenced morphology and size of Zn 2 SiO 4 /g-C 3 N 4 nanocomposites. • Zn 2 SiO 4 / g-C 3 N 4 showed the maximum decolorization percentage over eriochrome black T. • The maximum photocatalytic performance was achieved at a higher rate constant reaction. • Superoxide radicals and positive holes are the most prominent active species. This paper presents an approach to prepare zinc silicate (Zn 2 SiO 4) and its nanocomposites with graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4) for enhanced photocatalytic performance. Zn 2 SiO 4 was synthesized using a simple and cost-effective sonochemical method, followed by the fabrication of Zn 2 SiO 4 /g-C 3 N 4 through an ultrasonic-assisted co-precipitation method. The characterization of Zn 2 SiO 4 and its nanocomposites was carried out using various techniques such as XRD, FTIR, EDS, SEM, TEM, BET, and DRS. The main focus of this study was to investigate the photocatalytic efficiency of g-C 3 N 4 , Zn 2 SiO 4 , and different Zn 2 SiO 4 nanocomposites for the degradation of eriochrome black T (EBT) and erythrosine (ER). It is worth noting that this is the first time Zn 2 SiO 4 has been combined with carbon nitride, which resulted in excellent photocatalytic performance. The experimental results revealed that several factors influenced the efficiency of the photocatalytic process, including the content of Zn 2 SiO 4 in the nanocomposite, catalyst loading, and initial concentration of EBT. Among all the tested compositions, Zn 2 SiO 4 /g-C 3 N 4 with 10 % Zn 2 SiO 4 exhibited the best performance. Specifically, when 70 mg of 10 % Zn 2 SiO 4 /g-C 3 N 4 was used as a catalyst, it achieved a remarkable degradation efficiency of 75.5 % for 10 ppm EBT. This finding highlights the potential application of Zn 2 SiO 4 /g-C 3 N 4 nanocomposites as efficient photocatalysts for environmental remediation. The results of scavenger test indicated that superoxide radicals and positive holes played significant roles in driving the photodegradation reactions. Furthermore, a kinetics study was performed to determine the rate constant (k) associated with the photocatalytic process. It was observed that a higher rate constant (k = 0.011 min−1) corresponded to a higher efficiency of 75.5 %. This finding suggests that the Zn 2 SiO 4 /g-C 3 N 4 nanocomposites possess excellent photocatalytic activity and can effectively degrade organic pollutants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • MoS 2 /WO 3 nanocomposites were prepared using the hydrothermal process. • The hexagonal crystal structure of the samples was confirmed through XRD spectrographs. • The average size of nanorod-shaped MoS 2 /WO 3 structure was measured at ∼ 70 nm. • Enhanced photocatalytic performance was exhibited by MoS 2 /WO 3 nanocomposites. • The photocatalytic degradation efficiency of the MoS 2 /WO 3 nanocomposites was 90 %. A lot of people are interested in hybrid nanostructures made of two-dimensional materials like transition metal dichalcogenides and transition metal oxides because they could be used as photocatalysts. This interest stems from their outstanding structural, electronic, and optical properties. The main objective of this paper is how to make a photocatalyst that works better by combining a special photocatalytic system made of MoS 2 /WO 3 nanocomposites in an easy hydrothermal process. The crystalline structure of MoS 2 , WO 3 , and MoS 2 /WO 3 nanocomposites was verified by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) investigation. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis showed the creation of highly pure MoS 2 and MoS 2 /WO 3 composites, which showed a clustering of several spherical nanorods. We performed photocatalytic experiments using methylene blue dye under visible light in the presence of MoS 2 , WO 3 , and MoS 2 /WO 3 nanocomposites. We observed that the formation of heterojunction and the increase of active sites were the optimal parameters affecting the photodegradation of methylene blue. The degradation percentages were observed to be 59 %, 55 %, and 90 %, respectively, within 120 min of light irradiation. The results of consecutive experiments explicitly demonstrate the enrichment of the photocatalytic properties of the MoS 2 /WO 3 nanorods. Furthermore, we thoroughly investigated and discussed the mechanism of photodegradation in the MoS 2 /WO 3 nanocomposites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Catechol generated Pd nanoparticles have been demonstrated as efficient catalysts for dye degradation. • Newly developed Pd nanoparticles selectively degrade anionic dyes. • Pd catalyst can be recycled for dye degradation. • Degraded products were identified by GC–MS analysis. Several industries including textile, dye manufacturing industries, paper and pulp industries discharge colored wastewater. The majority of synthetic dyes is composed of toxic azo compounds. Eradication of toxic azo dyes, organic pollutants, radioactive materials from the global ecosystem has received remarkable attention due to their detrimental effects on human health and ecosystem. Nanotechnology-based applications on catalytic degradation of contaminants from aqueous ecosystem have evolved as a major topic of research in the scientific community, to develop a cost-effective and energy-effective strategy. In this context, nanomaterials have gained much attention because of its unique physico-chemical properties. Herein, catechol-generated palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs) have been utilized for the selective removal of congo red dye from wastewater. In this study, Palladium nanocatalyst (4 μg/ml) developed earlier by our group, was screened for degradation of dyes of different nature. The newly developed nanocatalyst was found to be effective against anionic dyes. Among the anaionic dyes, congo red was selected for degdradation study in detail. Complete degradation of congo red dye (CR) (150 μM) is found to happen within 10 min. Besides catalytic degradation, the efficiency of the recycled catalyst was evaluated, which exhibits 60 % efficiency even after the 3rd cycle. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) characterization of the degraded products reveals the formation of benzidine, indicating the reductive cleavage of azo linkage of the dye. In summary, the results highlight the potential development of a nanocatalyst for the selective and efficient removal of congo red, suggesting a simple,cost-effective, and reusable approach to prevent industrial pollutant in aqueous ecosystem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • A novel coordination architecture, {[Co(toua)(4,4′-bpy)].2H 2 O} n (1), constructed using an unexplored polyether carboxylate linker (3,6,9-trioxaundecanedioic acid) and 4,4′-bipyridine. • 1 demonstrated dual sensing capabilities, employing both vapochromic and photoluminescence methods, for detecting ammonia and various amines. • 1 demonstrated the ability to selectively detect ammonia and amine vapors, with eye-detectable color changes and varying response times. • Notably, 1 exhibited a rare occurrence of both "turn-off" and "turn-on" sensing behaviors. This work presents the design, synthesis, and characterization of a new cobalt (II) based coordination architecture, {[Co(toua)(4,4′-bpy)].2H 2 O} n (1); where toua is 3,6,9-trioxaundecanaote and 4,4′-bpy is 4,4′-bipyridine tailored for efficient sensing of ammonia and amines. The formation and identity of 1 was confirmed by elemental analysis, spectroscopic study (FTIR and UV–visible spectroscopy), PXRD, XPS, FESEM, and BET analysis. The colorimetric sensing capability of 1 towards ammonia and various smaller-sized amines in the vapor phase through observable color changes is explored in this study. Their interaction with 1 is elucidated through FTIR, UV–Visible and Fluorescence spectroscopy, FESEM, and TCSPC analysis. The fluorescence sensing experiments demonstrate a remarkable quenching/enhancement effect with the addition of ammonia and various amines, showcasing the compound's sensitivity and selectivity. The quenching/enhancement efficiency follows the order: NH 3 >Ethylenediamine (EDA)>1,3-diaminopropane (DAP)>n-propylethylenediamine (n-PEDA), following the molecular dimensions and steric hindrance surrounding nitrogen atoms. Hydrogen bonds and host-guest interactions, including (C–H)pyridinium⋅⋅⋅N interactions, are identified as the driving forces for the sensing process. Additionally, the paper reveals a rare occurrence of both "turn-off" and "turn-on" sensing behavior for the same compound, showcasing its versatility. The calculated RSD for the fluorometric sensor was found to be 1.03 % calculated from its triplicate readings at 240 nm. Limits of detection (LODs) and Limit of Quantification (LOQs) for NH 3 (0.52 μM, and 1.74 μM) EDA (1.2 μM, and 4.2 μM), DAP (3.1 μM, and 10.5 μM), and n-PEDA (3.3 μM, and 11.2 μM) respectively) underscore the effective sensing capabilities of 1. The robustness of 1 upon exposure to amines was confirmed by PXRD. These findings justify that 1 is a promising vaporchromic probe for the fast and selective detection of ammonia and amines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • A cucurbit[8]uril-based porous supramolecular assembly was fabricated. • This assembly form dense pores with different sizes and shapes in different directions, and the pores are occupied by [Fe(Cl) 6 ]3- and [Fe(Cl) 4 ]- anions. • This supramolecular assembly provides a novel approach to construct porous adsorption materials, and can provide direction of functional materials field. In this paper, the supramolecular assembly of guest 4-Picolinic acid and host cucurbit[8]uril (Q[8]) with structural inducer [Fe(Cl) 6 ]3- anions was investigated by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The results revealed that a 1:2 complex was formed by Q[8] and 4-picolinic acid, and Q[8] molecules were interconnected to form a molecular chain through their outer surface interaction. [Fe(Cl) 6 ]3- anions interacted with Q[8] through hydrogen bonds with coordinated water molecules and C-H... Cl interactions. These interactions resulted in the formation of supramolecular assemblies with different pore sizes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • A dose of 7.5 × 10−4 M demonstrated a high effectiveness level, surpassing 97 %. • Adsorption studies indicated that PAEOD chemically adheres according to the Langmuir isotherm. • SEM analysis confirmed the formation of a protective PAEOD layer on the steel. • DFT and MC/MD studies revealed that the PAEOD compound binds to the steel substrate. • Anti-SRB and docking simulations showed that PAEOD impacts the growth of SRB. This paper examines the innovative application of PAEOD as a corrosion suppressant for steel in an acidic environment with a concentration of 1.0 M HCl. The inhibitory potential of PAEOD has been comprehensively evaluated through the utilization of diverse analytical approaches, including electrochemical tests, gravimetric analysis, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) assessments. The results suggest that there is a correlation between concentration and the enhancement of corrosion resistance, hence categorizing PAEOD as a mixed-type inhibitor. The maximum inhibitory efficiency was observed at a concentration of 7.50 × 10-4 M, resulting in a remarkable efficiency of 98.84 % at a temperature of 298 K. The electrochemical investigation demonstrated a significant rise in the values of charge transfer resistance (R ct) and polarization resistance (R p), accompanied by a reduction in the Constant Phase Element (CPE. Yo) value to 74.01 μF. These findings suggest an improved capacity for inhibiting corrosion. Theoretical studies have revealed a significant interaction between PAEOD and the steel surface, as evidenced by the utilization of density functional theory (DFT) and Monte Carlo/ Molecular dynamic (MC/MD) techniques. This interaction indicates the presence of exceptional anti-corrosion properties at the micro-level. The impact of PAEOD on the growth of sulphate reducing bacteria (SRB) was found to be substantial, as indicated by the findings derived from BART™ Vials. In summary, this work establishes PAEOD as a potentially effective corrosion inhibitor, offering significant contributions to the field of corrosion prevention strategies through its important insights. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Growth of a crack-free, optical transparent, and large-size trans -stilbene (TSB) single crystal using novel vaporized purification method is reported. • The crystal also exhibits strong blue emission (380 nm) in photoluminescence and emission at 387 nm under X-ray radiation in radioluminescence spectroscopy. • The scintillation decay time is calculated to be 6 ns under 137Cs gamma source. • The figure of merit of 2,4 indicates its potential significance in fast neutron detection with efficient PSD property. The paper reports the successful growth of large, crack-free trans -stilbene (TSB) single crystals using an in-house developed vertical Bridgman setup. The material purification involved a novel vaporized method at 130 °C. Parameters like furnace setup and ampoule's cone angle were optimized during the growth process. The Powder XRD pattern confirms the phase of material and crystallinity. The crystal exhibited high transmittance (78 %) in the visible region, with an optical band gap of 3.4 eV. Photoluminescence study indicated strong blue emission at 380 nm, with radioluminescence spectroscopy showing emissions at 387 nm under X-ray radiation. The crystal exhibited a scintillation decay time of 6 ns under 137Cs gamma source, highlighting its fast decay and efficient PSD property with a figure of merit of 2.24 for fast neutron detection applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Synthesis of three-dimensional flower-like BiFeO 3 and its removal of methylene blue (MB) by sonocatalysis. [Display omitted] • Sonocatalytic activity of BiFeO 3 was effectively enhanced by morphology control. • Sonocatalytic degradation ratio of MB reached 94.24 ± 1.98 % using BiFeO 3. • BiFeO 3 showed good application potential in environmental remediation. In this paper, three-dimensional flower-like BiFeO 3 was prepared by hydrothermal method by controlling the synthesis temperature and the concentration of precursor and adjusting the morphology of BiFeO 3. When the synthesis temperature was 433 K and the precursor concentration was 0.20 mol/L, the prepared BiFeO 3 -0.20 had the best sonocatalytic performance. Under the optimal conditions of catalyst dosage of 0.67 g/L, methylene blue (MB) initial concentration of 5 mg/L, MB solution initial pH of 7, ultrasonic power of 500 W and ultrasonic time of 120 min, the maximum removal rate of MB by BiFeO 3 -0.20 as a sonocatalyst could reach 94.24 ± 1.98 %. The prepared BiFeO 3 had excellent reusability and good stability. Moreover, the possible degradation pathways of MB were suggested according to the results of liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and ion chromatography. The results indicated that morphology control was an effective method to improve the sonocatalytic performance of catalysts. It is hoped that the research results can provide an effective reference for the development of efficient sonocatalysts and the practical application of sonocatalysis technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Through the cost-effective modified Hummers method, Graphene oxide was synthesised. • The PGO composites were prepared by blending the PANI with filler GO. • The structural characterisations FTIR, XRD and morphological characterisations SEM and TEM analysis were performed. • Humidity sensing response of pure PANI, GO and PGO composites were experimentally determined. • The PGO-3 composite shows a fast-timing behaviour f 4 s and 7 s, respectively. This paper investigated the humidity-sensing response of polyaniline/Graphene oxide (PGO) composites. Graphene oxide (GO) was synthesised using the improvised hummers method, and polyaniline (PANI) was synthesised using the chemical in-situ polymerisation process. By adding different weights per cent (wt%) of Graphene oxide (GO) to the polymer matrix, PGO composites were prepared. Structural and morphological properties of GO were confirmed by XRD, RAMAN, FTIR, SEM, EDX, and HR-TEM (elementary mapping) characterisations. The XRD, FTIR SEM and EDX proficiencies were employed to characterise the PGO composites. To experience the humidity response performance, the film of PANI, GO, and PGO samples was groomed by wedging the sample on an IDT substrate using a drop casting technique. Among the samples, the PGO-3 composite (polyaniline/Graphene oxide 15 wt%) depicted a maximum sensing response (S H) of 93.4 % with a dynamic timing behaviour of 4 s and 7 s. The Nobel characters, such as low accurate Sensing response, fewer detection limits (LOD), negligible hysteresis and perfect stability, were observed in the PGO-3 composite. The physical properties such as porosity, water content, and degree of swelling have been outstandingly enhanced in the PGO-3 composite compared to PANI and GO. The mechanism for sensing the PGO-3 composites was deliberately explained based on establishing superficial physisorption, chemisorption layers, and later capillary condensation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • A Schiff base (L) is demonstrated to detect OH– ions with high accuracy. • The detection limit of L for OH– ion was found to be 1.98 x 10-6. • The binding ratio of L with OH– found to be 1:1 and it is reversible. • The test kit was developed and its application for real samples was demonstrated. • An on-site smartphone application has also been implemented. A Schiff base L was synthesized by condensing through 2-fluorene carboxaldehyde and 2, 4-dinitrophenyl hydrazine in ethanol presence of Conc. H2SO4. The sensor L is demonstrated as a ratiometric sensor for pH sensing. The sensor was found to have an absorbance of 412 nm. When this sensor interacts with OH– ion, a prominent red shift was observed at 510 nm. This change was observed through a color change from yellow to pink. As the sensor responds to the presence of hydroxide ions, it can be used as a pH sensor to sense basicity. This sensor can also be used as in real-sample analysis to test the alkalinity of water sample, the test kit using filter paper was prepared and demonstrated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Two complexes containing pyrrole-linked dipicolylamine, namely PPMdpa-Cu and PPMdpa-Pt were synthesized and characterized. PPMdpa-Cu showed more stronger binding affinity to CT-DNA compared to PPMdpa-Pt. • PPMdpa-Cu showed excellent anticancer activity against HepG2 via ROS accumulation and induced MMP loss. Copper complexes exhibit important potential applications as non-platinum based metallodrugs particularly in the field of anticancer research. In this paper, mononuclear copper(II) and platinum(II) complexes containing pyrrole-linked dipicolylamine, namely PPMdpa-Cu and PPMdpa-Pt , were synthesized and characterized. Among these complexes, PPMdpa-Cu exhibited a stronger ability to bind to CT-DNA (calf-thymus DNA) compared to PPMdpa-Pt. In addition, an MTT assay performed throughout our studies demonstrated that PPMdpa-Cu featured significant antitumor activity against the three cancer cell lines U87, AsPC-1 and HepG2, superior to that of PPMdpa-Pt as well as the ligand, PPMdpa. Particularly, the IC 50 of PPMdpa-Cu against HepG2 was found to be as low as 27.3 μM. Finally, anticancer mechanism studies showed that PPMdpa-Cu could induce apoptosis in HepG2 cells associated with mitochondrial damage and oxidative stress caused by the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Carbon-polymer synergy: Key for diverse applications. • Enhanced properties: Mechanical, thermal, electrical. • Industry applications: Biomed, aerospace, autos, energy. • Future prospects: Breakthroughs, research directions. • Overcoming obstacles: Advancing carbon composites. Carbon-integrated polymer composites and foams have garnered significant attention in recent years due to their unique properties and wide-ranging applications. This review paper aims to comprehensively analyse the synthesis methods, characteristics, and utilization of these materials. It examines diverse strategies for incorporating carbon-based additives into polymer matrices, elucidating the resultant enhancements in mechanical, thermal, electrical, and barrier properties. Moreover, the review investigates the myriad applications of carbon-integrated polymer composites and foams in industries such as biomedical engineering, aerospace, automotive, and energy storage. Additionally, it offers insights into prospective breakthroughs and research directions, shedding light on future opportunities and challenges within this field. By synthesizing existing knowledge and identifying avenues for further exploration, this review contributes to advancing the understanding and development of carbon-integrated polymer composites and foams, addressing critical needs in contemporary industrial and technological contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • High adsorption capacity for methylene blue from bamboo char-based activated carbon. • Achieved significant surface area and pore volume enhancements using KOH. • Torrefaction process leads to the enhancement of the bamboo biomass characteristics. • Kinetic and thermodynamic studies confirm the adsorption process is endothermic and spontaneous. • Utilizes bamboo to address water pollution challenges, contributing to environmental sustainability effectively. This research paper aimed to evaluate the potential of activated carbon (AC) made from non-torrefied and torrefied bamboo biochar samples for the purpose of adsorbing methylene blue solution. The process involved impregnating bamboo biochar with a 5 M potassium hydroxide (KOH) solution at a 1:4 ratio of biochar to KOH, followed by carbonization at 800 °C, 900 °C, and 1000 °C to produce activated carbon samples. The samples were then characterized using techniques such as XRD, FESEM-EDX, FTIR, FE-TEM, and BET analysis to study their respective phase, surface morphology, elemental composition, functional groups, and structural and surface properties. The results showed that the torrefied bamboo AC exhibited a specific surface area of 366 m2/g and a total pore volume of 0.24 m3/g. Kinetic analyses showed adsorption following a pseudo-second-order model, with a capacity of 83.3 mg/g according to the Langmuir model and a favorability constant of 0.52 from the Freundlich model. Thermodynamic studies revealed the process to be spontaneous and endothermic, with changes in enthalpy and entropy of 77,810.73 kJ/mol and 269.9 kJ/mol·K, respectively. These findings highlight the effectiveness of bamboo-derived AC as a sustainable adsorbent for MB dye removal, offering a promising solution for water pollution control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • The CsHgCl 3 compound was successfully synthesized via slow evaporation at room temperature. • The electrical and dielectric properties were studied using the impedance measurements. • The ac conductivity of this compound follows the Jonscher's law. • The conduction mechanism was examined using various models based on Elliott's theory. Inorganic perovskite provides promising opportunities for use in optoelectronics due to its wide range of physical characteristics and structural configuration. In this paper, the CsHgCl 3 compound was successfully synthesized via the slow evaporation method at room temperature. The X-ray diffraction pattern indicated a cubic structure in the Pm 3 ¯ m group space. Also, an extensive investigation was performed into the relative permittivity and "ac" conductivity within the 10–106 Hz frequency range at different temperatures. Electrical and dielectric studies reveal that the studied material undergoes a transition around a temperature of 363 K. CsHgCl 3 has a high dielectric constant, making it a potential choice for energy harvesting devices. The frequency-dependent "ac" conductivity, evaluated using Jonscher's law, was built to be temperature-dependent. In addition, the low activation energy can reveal the electronic conduction of this material. Several models based on Elliott's theory were used to investigate the conduction mechanism. In the first region, the behavior was in line with the correlated barrier hopping (CBH) model, however, in the second region, the overlapping large polaron tunneling (OLPT) model was seen. Furthermore, the results show a notable improvement of the electrical conductivity when exposed to electrical polarization applied dc-biases of Vp = 0.5 to 3 V at ambient temperature. These findings highlight the impact of the studied material's enormous electro-resistance, which makes it a highly potential candidate for emerging technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Dy3+ doped La 2 (WO 4) 3 were prepared by microwave assisted co-precipitation method. • Judd Ofelt intensity parameters were calculated and they follow the trend Ω 2 > Ω 6 > Ω 4. • Emission spectra contain peaks due to the transitions 4F 9/2 → 6H 15/2,13/2. • The optimum concentration of Dy3+ ions in La 2 (WO 4) 3 was found to be 10%. • CIE coordinates confirm the suitability of the phosphor for yellow emission. The synthesis and detailed luminescence studies of a series of La 2-x Dy x (WO 4) 3 (x = 0.02, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8) phosphors synthesized via microwave-assisted co-precipitation technique is reported in this paper. The XRD analysis confirmed that the phosphors were crystalized in a monoclinic structure with space group C 2/ c and FTIR analysis identified the characteristic vibrational modes. Morphological studies were conducted using FESEM analysis, and the EDS technique substantiated the effective incorporation of Dy3+ ions in La 2 (WO 4) 3. The photoluminescence excitation and emission spectra of varying concentrations of Dy3+ ions were recorded and an optimum concentration of 10% exhibited the highest intensity. The emission spectra of all phosphors were dominated by peaks at 484 nm and 574 nm. The radiative properties were evaluated using Judd-Ofelt analysis and the JO intensity parameters followed the trend Ω 2 > Ω 6 > Ω 4. The gradual decrease in the decay lifetime value of 4F 9/2 excited level with an increase in doping concentration elucidates concentration quenching phenomena due to dipole – quadrupole interaction. The emission data were also analyzed by calculating CIE coordinates and concluded that Dy3+ doped La 2 (WO 4) 3 phosphors have potential applications in yellow light generation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Nanoparticles synthesized from plants are more stable and efficient than conventional synthesis technique. • Modern extraction methods for plants are superior to green synthesis of TiO 2 compared to conventional extraction. • Alkoxy titanium precursor is preferable in the green synthesis of TiO 2 because it often produces smaller sizes. • Green TiO 2 NPs show reduced particle aggregation and addition of functional groups that support applications as catalysts. • TiO 2 NPs as a photocatalyst for removing dye and antibacterial and antiviral activity are reviewed. Nanotechnology has a big role in current knowledge and technology. Apart from that, the need for the environmentally friendly and cheaper synthesis of nanoparticles is urgently needed. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO 2 NPs) are used in various chemical, medical, and membrane technologies due to their self-cleaning, photocatalytic, and antibacterial properties. Conventionally synthesized TiO 2 NPs use chemicals that cause biological risks due to their toxicity. Therefore, serious attention is needed to synthesize environmentally-friendly TiO 2 NPs. This paper aims to explain the latest research on green chemistry in the synthesis of titanium dioxide nanoparticles using various plant extracts. It has been found that nanoparticles synthesized from plants are much more stable and efficient. Secondary metabolites from plant extracts, which mostly consist of polyphenols, are known to play a role in the formation of nanoparticles. An overview of various extraction techniques, synthesis, mechanisms, and characterization techniques is discussed from the latest literature. Applications of photocatalysis such as organic pollutants removal, antibacterial, and antiviral properties are also explained in detail. This review concludes with challenges and possible future aspects of TiO 2 NPs for various environmental applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Ag-doped cerium oxide nanorods embedded reduced graphene oxide (Ag@CeO 2 /rGO), using Punica Granatum extract of leaves. • The degradation rate of the dye reached 98.5% during a span of 60 min. • The degradation of MB using Ag@CeO 2 /rGO nanostructure exhibited first-order reaction kineticsrate constant (Ka) of 0.01987 min−1. • The EIS, PCTR, and OCVD tests demonstrated that the addition of Ag and rGO reduce the recombination of e-h pairs In this paper, the Ag-doped cerium oxide nanorods embedded reduced graphene oxide (Ag@CeO 2 /rGO) nanocomposite was synthesized via Punica Granatum peel extract for for photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) and 4-nitrophenol (4-NP). The microstructural results confirmed the successful decoration of Ag-doped CeO 2 nanorods on rGO matrix. The photocatalytic properties, including photocatalytic degradation, charge transfer kinetics and photocurrent generation, are systematically investigated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), photocurrent transient response (PCTR) and open circuit voltage decay (OCVD). The results of photocatalytic dye degradation measurements indicated that Ag@CeO 2 /rGO nanocomposite is more effective than pristine CeO 2 to degrade the MB dye, and the degradation rate reached 100 % in 60 min. The decomposition of MB with Ag@CeO 2 /rGO nanostructure followed first-order reaction kinetics with a reaction rate constant (Ka) of 0.0198 min−1. The EIS and OCVD measurements revealed that the Ag doping and incorporation of rGO could suppress the recombination probability in CeO 2 by the separation of photo-generated electron–hole pairs, which leads to the enhanced photocurrent generation and photocatalytic activity. The photocurrent density of Ag@CeO 2 /rGO, CeO 2 /rGO and pristine CeO 2 are 215, 167.4 and 98.8 mAcm−2, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Combination of activated carbon with ZIF-67 nanoparticles will result in an efficient nanocomposite catalyst (AC/ZIF-67) for desulfurization of fuels through ODS process. [Display omitted] • A bio-based Activated carbon/ZIF-67 nanocomposite has been conveniently synthesized. • The as-prepared nanocomposite unveils high catalytic activity towards DBT removal through the ODS process. • Optimal operating conditions were investigated to achieve the highest efficiency (∼100 %) in the ODS process. • Kinetic study revealed low activation energy of around 32 kJ/mol for the nanocomposite catalyst. The simultaneous oxidation and extraction of refractory sulfur compounds, such as DBT, has emerged as one of the most efficient complementary procedures for the HDS process in achieving ultradeep desulfurization of fuels. In this paper, a bio-based activated carbon (AC) obtained from the waste of date palm bark has been utilized as an abundant, green, and low-cost support for synthesizing a stable metal-organic framework, zeolitic imidazolate framework-67 (ZIF-67), on its structure to reach a novel nanocomposite catalyst (AC/ZIF-67) for the removal of DBT from a model fuel through the extractive oxidative desulfurization method. The accuracy of the AC/ZIF-67 catalyst formation was comprehensively characterized using XRD, FTIR, FESEM, BET, and TGA analytical techniques. Subsequently, the newly synthesized nanocomposite catalyst was employed efficiently for removing DBT from a toluene solution, acting as a model fuel. The impact of various operating variables, i.e. catalyst dosage, the temperature of reaction, oxidant-to-sulfur (O/S) molar ratio, contact time, initial concentration of DBT, and volume of extraction solvent on the removal efficiency has been thoroughly investigated. The results revealed that employing only 25 mg of the AC/ZIF-67 catalyst could achieve a remarkably high efficiency of around 98 % after one hour oxidation of a 25 ppm DBT solution in the presence of TBHP, followed by extraction using acetonitrile. This was achieved while maintaining a constant temperature of 60 °C and an O/S ratio of 20. The obtained results confirm the potential application of ACs for supporting MOF catalysts in various catalytic processes such as desulfurization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • A green chemistry route is employed to synthesize Pervoskite ZnSnO 3 NPs with limonia acidissima natural fruit extract. • ZnSnO 3 NPs shows a very good photocatalytic activity in the degradation of carcinogenic organic dyes such as methylene blue. • Anti-oxidant activity of the ZnSnO 3 NPs, confirmed that it is having the ability to scavenge reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. • For the first time, antioxidant studies were carried out for the synthesized ZnSnO 3 NPs. • The ZnSnO 3 NPs showed antibacterial properties against diverse tested strains, food pathogens tested was found to be potent against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas fluorescens. • Finally, it detected the trace amounts of K 3 [Fe(CN) 6 ] with detection limit upto 38 µL which is useful in evaluating Fe2+ conconcentration in various biological samples. In anticipation to a growing desire for start-ups to be both green and sustainable, there has been an increase in research focus on the effective removal and degradation of toxic wastewater effluents. A viable and sustainable wastewater treatment method is the use of light to degrade organic contaminants. Photocatalysis holds great potential for addressing environmental, energy, and health challenges, offering sustainable solutions for a wide range of applications with significant societal and economic benefits. In this paper, a multicomponent heterostructure photocatalyst ZnSnO 3 was designed and prepared via a simple environmentally responsible path, which included the use of limonia acidissima natural fruit juice as a capping and reducing agent. The ZnSnO 3 nanoparticles that were generated were examined using XRD, FT-IR, UV-DRS, SEM-EDAX, TEM, PL and BET investigations. The structure and crystallographic parameters were examined using XRD analysis, and found that the crystallite had orthorhombic geometry. The functional groups were investigated using FTIR spectroscopy. The band gaps (3.59 & 3.69 eV) were estimated using a Tauc plot employing the data of UV-DRS. According to SEM and TEM studies, the morphologies are irregular in shape and have particles that are about 14 nm in size. EDAX analysis was used to determine the elemental composition of the examined ZnSnO 3 nanostructures, which demonstrated their purity. Using PL spectroscopy, superficial defects were investigated. The synthesized NPs were used as photocatalysts to degrade the methylene blue dye. Electrochemical measurement of K 3 [Fe(CN) 6 ] revealed a good sensory activity with a detection limit of 38 μL. K 3 [Fe(CN) 6 ] is used to detect ferrous ions in biological specimens. Furthermore, it also shows the superior anti-bacterial activity against gram-positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus , and gram-negative bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens. To the best of our literature survey, it's the first report for the synthesis of ZnSnO 3 nanostructures using the natural reducing agent limonia acidissima natural fruit juice for dye degradation, electrochemical, anti-oxidant, and anti-bacterial applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Stimuli and non-responsive polymeric Irinotecan-loaded nanomaterials applied in cancer therapy. • Liposomal Irinotecan-loaded nanomaterials implemented in cancer therapies as stimuli and non-responsive agents. • Also, carbon and inorganic-based Irinotecan-loaded nanomaterials employed in advanced cancer therapy. • Co-delivery efficacy of Irinotecan with other drugs to treat cancers. The convergence of nanotechnology and medicine has filled a large gap in therapeutic strategies, improving cancer treatment drastically. In this review paper, current advancements in the utilization of nanocarriers will be reviewed, along with how they may significantly increase CPT-11′s therapeutic potential and pave the way for future cancer treatments that are both safer and more effective. In addition, a thorough discussion of the use of smart drug delivery, its uses, challenges and future opportunities via the incorporation of advanced nanotechnology is addressed in this paper. Firstly, based on the scrutiny of the literature, functionalized nanomaterials (NPs) are remarkably more effective than traditional CPT-11 delivery and other NPs because they exhibited the highest drug entrapment efficiency, improved drug bioavailability, and mitigated toxic effects. Secondly, lipid-polymer-based mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MP-MSNs) can enhance the solubility and stability of the drug, improving its biocompatibility and therapeutic efficacy. Thirdly, QDs can improve the drug's stability, improve its solubilization, and improve its therapeutic effectiveness. Finally, the synthesis of NP-loaded micelles, as well as the encapsulation of the chemotherapeutic agent, is a promising approach to improve cancer treatment's effectiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Exploration the emerging field of eco-friendly and sustainable methods for synthesizing carbon-based quantum dots (CQDs) • Attractive of CQDs for various applications based on their remarkable properties of CQDs exhibit remarkable biocompatibility, low toxicity, and tunable emission properties. • Investigation the remarkable antibacterial activity of CQDs against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. • Suggesting innovative approaches to combat infections and enhance public health. This review paper explores the burgeoning field of green synthesis of carbon-based quantum dots (CQDs) and their profound implications in addressing antibacterial resistance. Quantum dots (QDs), including CQDs, are nano-sized fluorescent particles with diverse applications in areas like medical technology, sensing, and imaging. CQDs, which are carbon-based and exhibit remarkable biocompatibility, low toxicity, and tunable emission properties, have recently garnered substantial attention. This paper delves into the "green synthesis" of CQDs, emphasizing eco-friendly, sustainable methods using plant extracts and microbial agents. The exploration of CQDs' antibacterial properties is a central focus, revealing their remarkable antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. These findings suggest a wide spectrum of antibacterial potential, offering innovative approaches to combating infections and enhancing public health. Mechanisms underlying CQDs' antibacterial efficacy, including the generation of reactive oxygen species, direct interaction with bacterial membranes, and disruption of biofilms, are discussed. To optimize their application, further research is required. Moreover, the review comprehensively categorizes quantum dots into semiconductor, metallic, and carbon-based types, and elucidates the properties and structure of CQDs. The classification of CQDs into distinct groups based on structural features is examined, shedding light on this multifaceted class of nanomaterials. The synthesis and characterization of CQDs are also detailed, highlighting the importance of precision in tailoring their properties for various applications. This review paper provides a comprehensive understanding of CQDs and their potential for combatting antibacterial resistance, offering valuable insights into this cutting-edge field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • CaFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles show superparamagnetic behavior at 300 K. • CaFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles could be useful for biomedical applications. • Magnetic and electronic properties of CaFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles contribute to breakthroughs in electronics and spintronic applications. • CaFe 2 O 4 electrodes improve efficiency useful in batteries and supercapacitors for renewable energy applications. • CaFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles show cutting-edge advancements for catalytic applications. Over the last decade, nanotechnology has emerged as a game-changing field, with transition metal nanoparticles, notably those consisting of CaFe 2 O 4 , standing out as a key component. These nanoparticles have gotten a lot of interest because of their great potential in a variety of biological applications. Scientists all around the world are working hard to create new calcium-based nanoparticles in a variety of forms and sizes to improve their functioning. While there is a substantial corpus of research on CaFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles, there is a significant void in comprehensive reviews that properly elucidate their current advances and future applications in biological sciences. This review study attempts to give in-depth insights into the most recent advances in CaFe 2 O 4 nanoparticle research, with a particular emphasis on electrochemical, environmental, and biological nanotechnology. The research digs into the finer points of the most recent breakthroughs in the synthesis of CaFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles, with a focus on enhancing their imaging capability. Their applications in electrochemical processes, photocatalysis, sensing technologies, and mechanical functionalities receive special attention. The paper highlights the superparamagnetic response of CaFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles to room-temperature oscillating magnetic fields, which opens up new possibilities for investigation. The study not only elucidates the potential benefits of using these nanoparticles but also addresses the limitations connected with their larger application. The magnetic properties of CaFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles are given special attention, particularly in the context of data storage and magnetic sensors. The paper finishes with a complete summary of current developments in several disciplines utilizing CaFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles, highlighting specific applications and exploring their distinctive features. The review emphasizes the importance of future research into ways to improve the magnetic characteristics of CaFe 2 O 4 materials, particularly in the realms of data storage and magnetic sensor technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, a GSH-AuNCs/Cu2+ sensing system was fabricated and a feasible, sensitive method for the fluorescent quantitative detection of glyphosate was developed based on the competitive complexation of Cu2+ between GSH-AuNCs and glyphosate. [Display omitted] • A facile fluorescent assay for detection of glyphosate was developed. • The method used GSH-AuNCs/Cu2+ as sensing probe. • The detection platform exhibits a sensitive response to glyphosate. • The determination of glyphosate in real samples was also realized. • A paper-based test strip for glyphosate was constructed. The sensitive and selective detection of glyphosate (Gly) in the environment is urgently need because it has significant implications for human health and environmental safety. In this work, a GSH-AuNCs/Cu2+ sensing probe was fabricated via the coordination between Cu2+ and GSH-AuNCs, which resulted in the suppression of the fluorescence of GSH-AuNCs. Glyphosate can competitively grasp Cu2+ from GSH-AuNCs/Cu2+, leading to fluorescence recovery. Thereby, a simple and sensitive "turn-on" fluorescence strategy was developed for the quantitative detection of glyphosate. The linear range of glyphosate detection is 0.25 ∼ 1.25 μM, with a detection limit of 92.16 ng/mL. This method was demonstrated selectivity, fast response, and sensitivity, making it suitable for the quantitative determination of glyphosate in real water samples. Furthermore, a paper-based test strip was constructed using the sensing probe, which enabled on-site visual and semiquantitative detection of Gly. Overall, our strategy provides new opportunities for determination of organophosphorus pesticides in the environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Benzohydrazide-based chromogenic chemosensors for Hg2+ ion is established. • NMR, FTIR, UV–Vis and HRMS methods were used to confirm the ligand and complex. • PN effective sensing with Hg2+ ions were observed to be 3.08 × 10−7 M detection limit. • Test strip was designed to monitor the absorbance of Hg2+ ions in real time analysis. Metal ions play a crucial role in serving the proper functioning of living beings. Whereas Hg2+ ions are non-essential and toxic even at a minute level for living organisms. Thus, a simple colorimetric approach for Hg2+ ion detection is used. In this work, the synthesis of novel benzohydrazide-based Schiff base ligand (PN) as a sensor and exploring its colorimetric recognition ability. The ligand PN has been designed and synthesized via an economical and simple one-step condensation process. The as-synthesized PN ligand were successfully characterized by various spectroscopic techniques like 1H NMR, 13C NMR, FT-IR, HRMS and ICP-OES. ligand PN manifest outstanding selectivity for Hg2+ ions leaving the rest of the examined metal ions in mixed aqueous medium. A colour change of colourless to crimson yellow is prominent under UV light. The Job plot has shown formation of complex of 1:1 stoichiometric ratio of PN and Hg2+ ions; which is produced by conducting UV–vis titrations using different molar fractions of Hg2+ ions. Moreover, theoretical DFT calculations are validated by experimental data. Furthermore, pre-stained paper strips are furnished and it also showed excellent instantaneous Hg2+ naked eye sensing with a limit of detection as low as 3.08 × 10−7 M. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • This study communicates a simple, in-situ green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using only HPMC as a reducing and stabilizing agent. • HR-TEM images showed well-dispersed spherical-shaped silver nanoparticles with a size of 11 nm on average. • An enhancement in the thermal stability of the samples is observed after the nanoparticles are formed. • The Nyquist plots showed the smaller semicircle as the concentration is increased, resulting in the higher conductivity. • Antibacterial test showed an exceptional antimicrobial activity of synthesized nanocomposites against E. coli and S. aureus. In-situ green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using hydroxypropyl-methylcellulose (HPMC) as a reducing and stabilizing agent is presented in this paper. A simple solution-casting method is used for preparing nanocomposite films. The reduction of silver ions to silver elementary particles was completed when the alkaline pH was maintained. The initial confirmation of AgNPs was visualized by the brown color of the prepared solution and later confirmed by the surface Plasmon resonance peak obtained from the UV–visible absorption study. X-ray diffraction measurement study revealed the crystalline nature of the AgNPs with FCC structure. The uniform distribution of AgNPs in the HPMC matrix is witnessed by Scanning electron microscope. The spherical shape of the prepared AgNPs is observed by transmission electron microscopic images with an average size of 11 nm. Dynamic light scattering experiment exposed the hydrodynamic size distribution and good stability of AgNPs. Thermogravimetric analysis showed high thermal stability of nanocomposites. Mechanical studies showed increased elongation at break and tensile strength of the prepared nanocomposites. Dielectric constant and dielectric loss were ascertained to decrease with an increase in frequency. Further, the antibacterial activity study showed an excellent activity of AgNPs in contrast to human bacterial pathogens viz., Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Novel red-emitting Ca 2 EuMO 6 double-perovskite phosphors were prepared by solid-state reaction method. • Under 395 nm excitation, these phosphors produced bright red emissions around 620 nm. • High color purity of 90.7%, 93.2%, and 92.7% was achieved for M = Sb, Nb, Ta, respectively. • These phosphors also exhibited excellent thermal stability. In this paper, three new efficient Eu3+-activated Ca 2 EuMO 6 (M = Sb, Nb, and Ta) red-emitting phosphors with outstanding luminescence properties were prepared by using the high-temperature solid-state reaction method. X-ray diffraction and Rietveld refinements revealed the double-perovskite structure of Ca 2 EuMO 6 (M = Sb, Nb, and Ta) compounds. Photoluminescent excitation and emission spectra, decay lifetimes, CIE chromaticity coordinates, color purity values, internal quantum efficiency, and thermal stability were discussed in detail. Under the excitation of 395 nm near-ultraviolet light, these Ca 2 EuMO 6 (M = Sb, Nb, and Ta) phosphors demonstrated bright narrow-band red emissions with peaks at 592, 620, 656, and 703 nm due to the 5D 0 →7F J (J = 1–4) transitions of Eu3+ ions. The internal quantum efficiencies of the Ca 2 EuSbO 6 , Ca 2 EuNbO 6, and Ca 2 EuTaO 6 samples were determined to be 39.3%, 41.6%, and 40.4%, respectively. Impressively, the emission intensity of Ca 2 EuNbO 6 is about 1.25 times higher than that of commercial Y 2 O 3 :Eu3+ red phosphor. CIE color coordinates of Ca 2 EuMO 6 (M = Sb, Nb, and Ta) phosphors were calculated to be (0.6748, 0.3250), (0.6800, 0.3198), and (0.6790, 0.3208), respectively; along with high color purity of 90.7%, 93.2%, and 92.7%. Besides, their thermal stability was also investigated, and the corresponding emission intensities of Ca 2 EuMO 6 (M = Sb, Nb, and Ta) at 423 K were respectively maintained at 73%, 86%, and 80% of that at 303 K. All results show that these newly developed red-emitting Ca 2 EuMO 6 (M = Sb, Nb, and Ta) phosphors possess potential applications in white light-emitting diodes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Using machine learning methods to dig deeper into the structure-performance relationship of MOFs. • Efficient search for high-performance materials by generating novel MOFs using TAGA. • Provide directions for the design and development of new MOFs based on the obtained material structure-property relationships. High-throughput molecular simulations and machine learning algorithms have been widely used to identify promising metal–organic frameworks for gas separation. However, most studies are limited to screening high-performance materials from existing databases, which fails to fully utilize the predictive function of machine learning. This paper combines genetic algorithms and high-throughput screening to deeply mine anion-pillared MOF (APMOF) performance feature relationships and predict high-performance materials that are not in the database. Considering the actual industrial conditions (CF 4 /N 2 = 10/90), we chose the ratio of CF 4 :N 2 = 1:9 to simulate the adsorption separation of gas mixtures of MOF materials at a temperature of 298 K and a pressure of 1 bar. First, the CF 4 /N 2 separation properties of MOFs in the APMOF library were obtained based on molecular simulations. Then, the filtered data were coded according to the method of "building block classification − structural interval categorization". Then, the machine learning algorithm was used for model training to obtain a high-precision model. Finally, the tangent adaptive genetic algorithm was used to recombine the genes of the materials, and the new MOF materials were successfully reverse-engineered. The study found that the pore-limit diameter of APMOFs is most conducive to the separation of CF 4 /N 2 by MOFs when the pore-limit diameter of APMOFs is within two times the molecular dynamics diameter of CF 4. 134 MOF materials were predicted to have CF 4 /N 2 selectivities exceeding 46.30. The use of organic ligands such as 4,4′-bipyridyl or 1,4-bis(4-pyridyl)benzene (bpb) increases the likelihood of these materials being high-performance for CF 4 /N 2 separation. The combination of computational screening methods and machine learning can expedite the design and development of new high-performance MOFs. This approach can also provide guidance for the synthetic direction and pattern of materials, which can assist experimentalists in their synthesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Amino-modified UI0-67 with ultrahigh specific surface area and visible light response was successfully synthesized. • The performance of UIO-67-NH 2 degraded MO under optimal conditions was 4.548 times that of P 25. • The Fe3+ and NO 3 − enhanced the catalytic performance, while Na+, Zn2+, Cu2+, Cl−, CO 3 2−, and PO 4 3− inhibited it. The presence of ions in wastewater can have significant impact on photocatalytic performance. In this paper, the ZrCl 4 and 2-amino-4,4′-biphenyldicarboxylic acid reacted in N,N-dimethylformamide solvent to produce light yellow UIO-67-NH 2. The structure and physical and chemical properties of UIO-67-NH 2 were characterized by elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared (IR), thermogravimetric (TGA), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), N 2 adsorption/desorption isotherm and ultraviolet–visible light diffuse reflectance spectrum (UV–Vis DRS). The results showed that UIO-67-NH 2 had good thermal stability and visible light absorption properties. Its specific surface area and particle diameter were approximately 1282 m2·g−1 and 200 nm, respectively. The maximum rate of photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange (MO) by UIO-67-NH 2 under visible light irradiation was 4.000 mg·L−1·min−1, which was 4.548 times that of P 25. The results of the ion coexistence experiment showed that the Fe3+ and the NO 3 − enhanced the catalytic performance in the form of synergistic photocatalytic production of ·OH; the Na+, Zn2+, Cu2+, Cl−, CO 3 2− and PO 4 3− inhibited the photocatalytic performance. The higher the ion concentration, the more obvious their inhibition would been. The density functional theory (DFT) calculations and electrospray mass spectrometry (ESI-Ms) analysis indicated that highly electronegative groups of MO molecules were preferentially broken under the oxidation of hydroxyl radicals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Zn-MOF/AgCl composite, synthesized by in-situ combination of [Zn(L)Cl] n with AgCl, exhibits excellent photocatalytic properties. [Display omitted] • Zn-MOF/AgCl composites were simply synthesized by precipitation method. • The agglomeration of AgCl was easily solved, improving catalytic performance. • Composite ZA-0.5 exhibits excellent degradation capabilities for RhB and TC. • The radicals ·O 2 − play major role in the degradation of pollutants. The agglomeration tendency of AgCl, as a photocatalyst, hampers its advancement and practical application. In this paper, a simple composite method is designed based on the precipitation characteristics of AgCl. Ag+ ions introduced from outside combines with Cl− anions in complex [Zn(L)Cl] n (M1) [L = 2-(1-(carboxymethyl)-1H-benzo [d] imidazol-3-ium-3-yl)acetate)] to directly form Zn-MOF/AgCl composites (ZA-x, x = 0.5, 1 and 2), which may effectively prevent agglomeration of AgCl. The morphology and structure analysis displays a remarkable dispersity of AgCl. Further characterization and analysis of PL, UV–Vis, EIS, and TPC reveal that the composites have potential as excellent photocatalysts. The subsequent visible light catalytic degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) and tetracycline hydrochloride (TC) has shown that the optimal composite ZA-0.5 with M1 to AgCl ratio of 1:0.5 exhibits the highest degradation efficiency in the 20 mg/L solution of RhB or TC, achieving 99.1 % for RhB within 20 min and 81.9 % for TC within 50 min. The free radical trapping test shows that ⋅O 2 − is the main catalytic species in the degradation process. In addition, the possible degradation mechanism was analyzed by VB-XPS and LC-MS. In a word, the in-situ combination of Cl− in M1 with Ag+ improves the dispersity of AgCl, enhances the interaction between M1 and AgCl, and leads to the effetive separation of electrons and holes, therefore improving the photocatalytic performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three polymorphic Xyl 2 BOH could be induced by different polar solvents exhibiting clustering-triggered emission and excitation-dependent phosphorescence. [Display omitted] • A new arylborinic acid, Xyl 2 BOH , was successfully synthesized. Xyl 2 BOH can form three different crystals with distinct luminescent properties. • The three different Xyl 2 BOH crystals exhibit excitation-dependent luminescent properties due to the critical role of through-space conjugation (TSC) interactions between boron and oxygen atoms in enabling the cluster-triggered emission (CTE) mechanism. • The relationship between molecular stacking and CTE behavior has been elucidated based on accurate single-crystal data. The cluster-triggered emission (CTE) phenomenon has attracted much attention due to its unique photoluminescent properties and intrinsic mechanism. However, due to the diversity of a typical chromophores in the cluster structure and the complexity of intramolecular/intermolecular electronic interactions, the understanding of their luminescence mechanism is still extremely limited. In this paper, the CTE properties of arylborinic acid with polycrystalline phases are investigated, emphasising the effect of crystal stacking control on the excitation-related room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) and afterglow properties. Crystal structure studies revealed that through-space conjugation (TSC) between boron and oxygen atoms plays a key role in the CTE mechanism. These inspirations not only deepen the understanding of CTE in boron materials, but also highlight how polycrystalline phase CTE strategies can be utilised to develop RTP material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • The microcubes were prepared at room temperature by using a precipitation method. • XRD confirmed well-crystallized, isostructural cobalt and nickel selenite dihydrate. • Thermogravimetric analyses revealed key thermal events in the prepared compounds. • IR and Raman studies revealed characteristic bands, validating selenite structure. • SEM showed well-defined microcubes, revealing unique selenite dihydrate morphology. • Dielectric studies showed high values at low frequencies with negligible loss. This paper outlines the template-free preparation of cobalt and nickel selenite dihydrate microcubes using a simple precipitation method from aqueous solutions at room temperature. Structural analysis revealed the formation of pure, well-crystallized isostructural cobalt and nickel selenite dihydrate, exhibiting monoclinic crystal systems of space group P2 1 /n. Thermal analysis showed distinct decomposition patterns for both compounds, highlighting their thermal stabilities. The intermediate formed after water loss were stable up to ∼550 °C, and crystallized before decomposing into their respective oxides via SeO 2 sublimation. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images illustrated the presence of irregular-sized well-defined microcubes with smooth surfaces and sharp edges, distributed across the material. The formation of these microstructures is likely driven by self-aggregation and the Ostwald ripening process. Dielectric studies on pelletized materials revealed higher dielectric constants at low frequencies with minimal dielectric loss. CoSeO 3 ⋅2H 2 O exhibited higher dielectric constants than NiSeO 3 ⋅2H 2 O due to the larger ionic radius of Co2+ ions, which leads to a greater degree of polarization compared to Ni2+ ions. The considerably higher dielectric constant with an insignificant amount of dielectric loss indicates the materials' potential for applications in dielectric and microwave technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Green Synthesis Techniques of nanomaterials: eco-friendly methods for synthesizing nanomaterials that minimize environmental impact by reducing energy consumption and avoiding hazardous chemicals. • Utilization of renewable resources as precursor materials for nanomaterial synthesis. (plant extracts, agricultural waste, or biopolymers, which not only contribute to sustainability but also offer unique properties that enhance the electrical performance of nanomaterials). • Advanced characterization techniques used to analyze the electrical properties of sustainable nanomaterials and provide insights into the structure–property relationships. (such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). • Performance of new green synthesis methods in terms of nanomaterials' electrical properties (comparison of Band Gap of Green / chemical nanoparticles) • Challenges, Future Perspectives and possible improvement paths (surface functionalization, hybrid green nanoparticles, etc.) In recent years, nanomaterials have become widely used in various fields. Their need is becoming more and more crucial in several applications, mainly the latest electronic gadgets. It has been proven that these nanostructured materials present distinctive electrical properties compared to traditional materials. However, their synthesis is a complicated and challenging process. Nanomaterials' fabrication methods, in particular nanoparticle ones, need to provide material as efficiently as possible but at the same time follow a biosafe and environmentally friendly synthesis process. Green synthesis techniques are considered nowadays as potential solutions to meet this goal. This new frontier is a prominent path towards a sustainable environment era. Unfortunately, it is still missing an updated state-of-the-art showing the performance of new green synthesis methods in terms of nanomaterials' electrical properties and possible improvement paths. This paper focuses mainly on this important challenge and exposes state-of-the-art of different synthesis techniques chiefly centered on green ones and their impact on well-known nanoparticles' electrical properties. Better knowledge would allow us to move toward nanoparticles with better performance for electronic applications and a reduced environmental footprint. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • A series of novel CTF-1/AgI heterojunction catalysts was designed and prepared simply. • Coordination adsorption and in-situ growth yield a high-quality heterojunction interface. • The heterojunction catalysts exhibited superior catalytic activity for CIP removal. • A type II charge transfer pathway of the heterojunction photocatalysts was proposed. In this paper, a multitude of novel CTF-1/AgI (CTFA- x) type-Ⅱ heterojunction were fabricated by in-situ growth approach based on the stable covalent triazine-based framework CTFs. 2D CTF-1 with sufficient nitrogen sites anchored AgI to its matrix, supporting ample active sites for CTFA to degrade ciprofloxacin (CIP) in aqueous solution. The structural and physicochemical characteristic of the CTFA products were explored by TEM, XRD, XPS, FT-IR, BET and PL characterization. The respective roles and synergistic effects of AgI and CTF-1 are discussed. Benefiting from this unique structure, the CTF-1/AgI with the mass ratio of 1:1 (CTFA-50) demonstrated the highest photocatalytic capacity and showed a degradation efficiency of more than 90 % against CIP after 120 min under simulated sunshine irradiation. Compared to pure AgI and CTF-1, the apparent rate constant for the CIP photodegradation of CTFA-50 (0.0153 min−1) was found to be 6.7 and 8.5 times greater. The CTFA-50 catalyst possessed good structural stability and broad-spectrum applicability, and had the ability to efficiently degrade various stubborn organic matters including tetracycline (87.97 %), 2- sec -butyl-4,6-dinitrophenol (63.42 %), bisphenol A (68.22 %), rhodamine B (98.62 %), methyl orange (70.25 %), methylene blue (63.27 %). As demonstrated by the results of the radical trapping tests and EPR analysis, the photodegradation process of CIP was mostly mediated by •O 2 – and h+. In view of the LC/MS findings, all reaction intermediates could be determined and a reasonable photocatalytic mechanism was proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • An overview about basic features of QCA is presented. • The elementary components of QCA circuits are explained. • A novel design for special purpose reversible OR gate is proposed. • A modular design for reversible priority encoder is proposed in QCA. • Simulation results of the proposed structure are verified using QCADesigner version 2.0.3. This paper presents a reversible structure for priority encoder. In order to expand the proposed design, the proposed structure is presented based on a modular method. For this purpose, first using the feature of insignificance of least-significant inputs when the value of most-significant input is one in the priority encoder, a special purpose reversible OR gate is introduced. Then, using this gate, we provide a reversible structure for the 4: 2 priority encoder. The proposed structure is designed entirely with reversible OR gates and inverter gates. We design the cell layout of this structure in QCADesigner software. In order to prove the modularity of the proposed design, the structure of 8: 3 reversible priority encoder is designed using 4: 2 reversible priority encoder. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • NiO/BiOCl photocatalysts were synthesized using the impregnation method. • The catalytic activity of NiO/BiOCl is much higher than that of pristine BiOCl. • Through the study of tetracycline degradation experiments, its degradation mechanism and possible degradation pathways were proposed. Bismuth chloride oxide is a potential photocatalyst with a unique structure and visible light responsive properties. This paper explores the effects of different ratios of NiO on the photocatalytic performance of NiO/BiOCl heterojunction photocatalysts, which are prepared by impregnation and annealing. The experimental results demonstrate that the construction of NiO/BiOCl heterojunction enhances the visible light response and significantly decreases the compounding efficiency of the photogenerated carriers. The degradation of tetracycline by 6% NiO/BiOCl was almost complete within approximately 30 min, which is about 30% faster than that of unmodified BiOCl. The cycling performance is excellent and the preparation process is simple, making it highly applicable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]