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Contact angles of different types of corrugated paper: (a) corrugated paper without coating, (b) corrugated paper with ZnO coating. It is easy to observe that with the increase of nano-ZnO content in the paintcoat on the surface of the corrugated paper, the contact angle of the surface of corrugated paper increases gradually. The contact angle of the corrugated paper surface with nano-ZnO coating is up to 144.8°, which is 30.8° higher than that of the pure corrugated paper. According to the numerical analysis of static contact angle, the larger the contact angle of the surface, the better its hydrophobic property. The result illustrates that the corrugated paper with nano-ZnO coating has better hydrophobic performance than corrugated paper or corrugated paper with PDMS coating, indicating that nano-ZnO improves the waterproof performance of the corrugated paper. [Display omitted] • PDMS-ZnO nano-composite was decorated on the surface of corrugated paper packaging materials. • The packaging corrugated paper possess good hydrophobic and self-cleaning ability. • The tensile strength of corrugated paper packaging materials is enhanced by PDMS-ZnO nano-composite. In order to cope with the poor moisture-proof and anti-fouling ability of corrugated paper packaging materials, the PDMS-ZnO nano-composite was decorated on the surface of corrugated paper packaging materials by spraying method using the food-grade polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and ZnO nano-particle as raw materials, and the wettability, self-cleaning and mechanical behaviors of the corrugated paper were tested. The experimental results showed that after modified by PDMS-ZnO nano-composite, the corrugated paper packaging materials have very good hydrophobic and self-cleaning ability. The contact angle increased from 114° to 144.8°, and the tensile time increased from 7.8 s to 9.3 s. Moreover, the tensile strength increased from 74.04 N to 77.57 N. The PDMS-ZnO nano-composite improves the moisture-proof, anti-fouling, compressive performance and tensile properties of corrugated paper packaging materials, and has marvelous practical application value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The new chemical composition was found for studied sample. • There are some errors in the crystallographical part of the commented paper. • The crystal Ba 3 Bi 2 WO 9 does not exist. My comments concern the serious errors in the crystallographic part of the commented paper. Authors have proposed that their sample presents a new crystal with the supposed chemical formula Ba 3 Bi 2 WO 9. However, the correct analysis shows that the studied sample is a mixture of at least two compounds, Ba 3 W 2 O 9 and Ba 3 WO 6. As a result, the subsequent data on physical properties of the sample may be without a scientific value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Four types of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofiber membranes loaded with oregano essential oil (OEO) and AgNPs were prepared. • The AgNPs/OEO composite nanofiber membrane exhibited excellent antifungal effects against Aspergillus niger on rice paper. • The main components in OEO are volatilized in the gas phase, exhibit optimal antifungal activity under non-contact condition. • There was minimal change in the color and oxidation degree of the paper relics when exposed to the nanofiber membrane. Electrospinning technology is an innovative method used to synthesize continuous ultra-fine polymer fibers of nanomaterials, offering a mild processing environment that enables the integration of bioactive substances, metal particles, and polymer matrix materials. Notably, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) exhibit significant and eco-friendly antibacterial properties, as these small-sized metal nanoparticles can penetrate bacterial cells swiftly and induce quick sterilization. Additionally, oregano essential oil (OEO), extracted from natural plants, is an environmentally safe agent with broad-spectrum antibacterial and strong antioxidant properties. In this study, four types of electrospun membranes were prepared: polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofiber membranes, oregano essential oil (OEO) nanofiber membranes, silver nanofiber membranes loaded with oregano essential oil (AgNPs/OEO), silver nanofiber membranes (AgNPs). To characterize these membranes, their surface morphology, crystalline phase structures, and functional group characteristics were analyzed. The antibacterial effects of these four membranes on rice paper were then investigated through contact and non-contact experiments. Finally, AgNPs/OEO composite film exhibited excellent antifungal effects against Aspergillus niger on rice paper under both conditions and was essentially non-invasive to the paper cultural relic's ontology, offering a new method for the conservation of paper cultural relics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Zr based MOF with highly sensitive detection of F- was synthetized. • A paper sensor is fabricated by in situ growth of MOF for the detection of F-. Fluorine as an essential trace element for human body, plays a vital role in human health. However, excessive intake, mainly through potable water, will cause adverse effects on human health. Therefore, establishing simple and effective methods for monitoring the concentration of fluorine in potable water is crucial for environmental protection and human health. In this work, a functional zirconium based MOF with excellent fluorescent detection performance was investigated. Its detection limit of F- was 0.743 ppm in aqueous solution. Based on the excellent sensitivity, a fluorescent test paper which fabricated by in situ growth of zirconium based MOF onto the surface of filter paper was following investigated. The result manifested that the test paper had an effective detection of fluorine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • A novel MOG with muti-functional detection of Fe(III) and Cr(VI) was fabricated. • We firstly reported the test paper fabricated by In Situ growth based on MOG. Heavy metals, like iron and chromium(Cr), have been proved to be a serious pollutant to environmental and biological systems. Long-term exposure to Cr(VI) ions through drinking water is harmful to human and will cause some serious diseases. Therefore, exploring new method for selective and rapid detection of such specific pollutants in water is crucial for environmental protection and human health. Herein, a novel functional metal organic gel(MOG) was successfully fabricated. Its detection limit of Cr(VI) was 2.4 × 10−8 mol·L−1 in aqueous solution, and 1.2 × 10−6 mol·L−1 for Fe(III) Based on the excellent deformability of MOG materials, a fluorescent test paper which could realize visible detection of Cr(VI) was fabricated by the in situ growth of Zn-MOGs onto the filter paper. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first sample of Zn-MOGs Based Test Paper (Zn-MOGs-FP) fabricated by in situ growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Green fluorescent CM-CDs were prepared using cysteine and maltose as precursors. • Green fluorescent CM-CDs showed λ Ex/Em at 420/511 nm. • CM-CDs acted as a sensor for sensing of venlafaxine via fluorescence "turn-off" mechanism. • This method exhibited wider linear range (0.1–180 µM) with a LOD of 75.15 nM for venlafaxine. • This method successfully applied to assay venlafaxine in biofluids and pharmaceutical samples. In this work, the green emissive carbon dots (CDs) were fabricated using cysteine and maltose as bio-precursors via refluxing process. The emission and excitation peaks of fabricated cysteine-maltose CDs (CM-CDs) are noticed at 511 and 420 nm, respectively. The as-fabricated CM-CDs displayed average mean size of 3.63 ± 1.12 nm with uniform spherical shape and good quantum yield of 32.81 %. Importantly, the as-fabricated CM-CDs act as a sensor for venlafaxine an anti-depression drug sensing via a fluorescence "turn-off" mechanism. The fluorescence lifetime of CM-CDs was 1.34 ns. The as-fabricated CM-CDs were highly sensitive towards venlafaxine, displaying good linear range from 0.1 to 180 µM with the limit of detection of 75.15 nM. The fluorescence of CM-CDs was reduced with the interaction of venlafaxine, thereby favoring to develop CM-CDs-based cellulose paper sensor for venlafaxine assay. The fabricated sensor was effectively utilized for the quantification of venlafaxine in pharmaceutical and biological samples with good recovery rates (96.01––99.65 %). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • First report on use of BaTaO 2 N as a photocathode (duly nanocomposited), and of CuO QDs as a source for nanocomposite formation. • Inexpensive carbon paper was used as an effective electrode substrate instead of an FTO plate. • Nanocomposite photocatalyst, BTN-CuO QD showed a photocurrent density of 3.1 mA cm−2 at 0 V vs RHE (∼83 % improvement from BTN CuO case). • BTN-CuO QD nanocomposites show a reduction in charge transfer resistance when compared to BTN-CuO samples. • The reported oxynitride-oxide nanocomposite is shown to be much more viable than the BTN CuO phase for water splitting (for HER). Barium tantalum oxynitride (BaTaO 2 N) has been demonstrated to be an attractive catalyst for photo-electrochemical water splitting, especially oxygen evolution reactions. However, the hydrogen production rates and charge transfer resistances of BTN leave much to be desired from a practical standpoint. In fact, it has never been reported for photocathode applications. On the other hand, CuO has been reported for hydrogen evolution reactions. Given this, here nanocomposites of BaTaO 2 N and copper oxide quantum dots (CuO QDs), where the latter are digestively ripened, are reported for photoelectrochemical water splitting on a carbon paper substrate. To assess the role of ultra-small quantum dots, composites of commercially available CuO nanoparticles with BaTaO 2 N were also tested. BaTaO 2 N and CuO QD nanocomposites performed well and showed a high photocurrent density of 3.1 mA cm−2 at 0 V vs RHE. This was also accompanied by reduced charge transfer resistance (225.4 Ω) due to the high interfacial surface area provided by nanoscopic CuO on BaTaO 2 N. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Several erroneous statements were corrected. • It is shown that the presented data on atomic position are false. • There is no texture in the studied sample. My comments concern the serious errors in the crystallographic part of the commented paper. Some manipulation of data are also found. The presented comments are to allow the readers and students to understand where the errors may be made in similar papers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two instrument-free boron, nitrogen-doped carbon dots based fluorescent solid sensors (i.e. , test strips and hydrogel beads) are fabricated to sensitively monitor both Cu2+ and Co2+. [Display omitted] • Novel B, N co-doped carbon dots (BN-CDs) with bright tangerine fluorescence are solvothermally fabricated. • BN-CDs effectively detect both Cu2+ and Co2+ with high sensitivity and a low detection limit. • The joint effect of dynamic and static quenching mechanisms is proposed for fluorescence quenching by Cu2+/Co2+. • The BN-CDs based paper sensors exhibit rapid and sensitive response for Cu2+/Co2+ in an instrument-free manner. • The fluorescent BN-CDs/hydrogel conduct as sensor to sense Cu2+ and Co2+, and absorbent for removal of the ions. It is highly significant to develop water-soluble carbon dots (CDs) for ion detection in the environment via a facile and economical process. Herein, the organic molecules derived boron, nitrogen co-doped CDs (BN-CDs) with water-solubility are solvothermally synthesized towards dual ion detection. The BN-CDs emit bright tangerine fluorescence, and demonstrate a fluorescent quantum yield of 17 %. Besides, the obtained BN-CDs show a good linear relationship with Cu2+/Co2+ in a wide dynamic range of 1–8 μM, along with detection limits of 16 nM (Cu2+) and 24 nM (Co2+). The joint effect of dynamic and static quenching mechanisms is proposed as well for fluorescence quenching by Cu2+/Co2+. Furthermore, two instrument-free BN-CDs-based solid sensors (i.e. , test strips and hydrogel beads) are fabricated to sensitively monitor both Cu2+ and Co2+. The paper-based sensors exhibit selective and sensitive response towards Cu2+ and Co2+ in a low-cost manner. The fluorescence hydrogel integrates comprehensive advantages of hydrogel and BN-CDs, which makes it not only conduct as efficient fluorescent sensors to detect Cu2+ and Co2+ but act as the absorbent towards removal of the ions. The simple yet reliable sensing technique developed here favor efficiently detecting and recognizing dual ions in environmental and/or biological samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Substrates featuring a wettability pattern based on titanium dioxide (TiO 2) loaded with Ag (Ag/TiO 2) was fabricated by sulfuric acid etching, Ag photodeposition, self-assembled monolayer deposition and ultraviolet (UV) irradiation through a photomask. It was confirmed that the sample based on Ag/TiO 2 exhibited a more rapid decrease of water contact angle than that without Ag loading. The Ag played an important role in promoting the charge separation of excited electrons and holes, leading to a high photocatalytic activity. Scanning electron microscope images revealed the etched surface of Ag/TiO 2 , while X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed the presence of Ag. The optimum photodeposition conditions for wettability was investigated, which revealed Ag/TiO 2 prepared in AgNO 3 aqueous solution (0.1 mM) with isopropanol (10 vol%) under 30 s of UV irradiation (1 mW cm−2) during photodeposition exhibited the fastest decrease of water contact angle. Thus, a wettability pattern on an Ag/TiO 2 substrate was successfully fabricated that functioned as a renewable wettability pattern with blood and was demonstrated to possess great potential in biomedical applications. Graphical abstract Unlabelled Image Highlights • TiO 2 substrate loading with Ag was prepared by photodeposition method. • Loading with Ag on TiO 2 substrate enhanced decrease of water contact angle. • A renewable wettability pattern with blood was successfully fabricated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • The TPA-SB sensor showed rapid absorbance, excellent selectivity, and high sensitivity towards Hg2+ ions. • The TPA-SB sensor could detect Hg2+ ions from colourless to reddish-orange via naked-eye, exhibiting fluorescence OFF response to Hg2+ ions. • The detection limit achieved for Hg2+ ions (0.27 nM). • Low-cost, easy-to-make filter paper strips are developed to detect Hg2+ ions for field application. • Solid-supported TPA-SB@SiO 2 was developed and demonstrated for onsite analysis. A new, sensitive and highly selective chemosensor (N, N-diphenyl-4-(E)-(E)-thiophen-2-ylmethylene)hydrazono)methyl) aniline (TPA-SB) for Hg2+ was designed and synthesised by combining the triphenylamine motif and thiophene group. The TPA-SB exhibited a remarkable colour change from light yellow to reddish-orange with Hg2+, which was visible to the naked eye. The detection limit of Hg2+ was 0.27 nM. We fabricated a TPA-SB-coated paper sensor to detect Hg2+ rapidly, with excellent selectivity and sensitivity. Adding KI to TPA-SB-Hg2+ recovered the colour and retained the probe TPA-SB as a reversible sensor for real-time applications in solution and paper matrix. Further, we developed a solid-supported adsorbent (TPA-SB-SiO 2) and utilised it for the complete removal (100%) of Hg2+ ions from the mercury-contaminated water. Based on the NMR titration, ESI – MS, Job's plot and DFT study, probable binding mode and biding ratio (1:1) of TPA-SB with Hg2+ have been proposed. Importantly, we can apply the present sensing system for recognising Hg2+ ions in Escherichia coli cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • A simple three-step approach for h-FeP showed excellent HER activity. • Existence of SDS and removal of Al lead to hollow urchin-like FeP. • 100 h@100 mA cm-2 testing demonstrates the excellent durability. A novel self-supported hollow urchin-like iron phosphide (h-FeP) on carbon paper (h-FeP/CP) is synthesized by phosphating hollow Fe 3 O(OH) derived from selective etching treatment of FeAlOOH precursor. The as-obtained h-FeP/CP catalyst exhibits larger surface areas due to its specific hollow urchin-like structure, and thus endows more accessible active sites. The h-FeP/CP catalyst manifests the most prominent catalytic activity for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). The current density of 10 mA cm−2 and 100 mA cm−2 are from the overpotentials of 90 mV and 258 mV in 0.5 mol/L H 2 SO 4 , respectively. And the current density of 10 mA cm−2 and 100 mA cm−2 are from the overpotential of 146 mV and 376 mV in 1.0 mol/L KOH, respectively. In addition, h-FeP/CP catalyst also exhibited excellent stability and durability at a large current density of 100 mA cm−2 in both acidic and alkaline solutions. The improved HER performance of h-FeP/CP is decided by the large amount of exposed activated sites and collective effects of large surface area, providing the faster interfacial charge transfer kinetic in the process of HER. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Addressing global environmental pollution and viable solutions. • Using green chemistry GQDs for effective pollutant remediation. • Overview of GQDs' synthesis and characterization methods. • Importance of characterization techniques for GQDs' properties. • GQDs as promising photocatalysts for pollutant degradation. This review paper aims to provide an overview of the recent advancements in the synthesis and characterization of graphene quantum dots (GQDs) and their application in photocatalytic degradation of contaminants. The paper discusses the various methods of preparing GQDs and delves into the unique properties that make them excellent candidates for photocatalytic applications. Furthermore, the paper explores the mechanisms involved in the photocatalytic degradation process and the factors influencing the efficiency of GQDs in degrading contaminants. Overall, this paper highlights the potential of GQDs as a novel approach for addressing environmental contamination through photocatalytic degradation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cu-MOF-1 heated to remove the free state water molecules in the structure can transcrystallize into Cu-MOF-2 , which can be applied to the temperature sensing performance using the color change. Secondly, Cu@1000 derived from Cu-MOF-1 has the advantages of uniformity of metal nanodispersion and abundant defect sites, which can accelerate the catalytic reduction of nitro compounds to amino compounds. [Display omitted] • Cu-MOF-1 is a new type of MOF and can be used as a template to prepare a variety of materials. • Cu-MOF-1 can convert to Cu-MOF-2 by SCSC which can be served as a temperature sensor. • Cu-MOF-1 can be served as a precursor to generate nanostructure by a single-step pyrolysis. • Cu@1000 showed efficient catalytic effect on 4-NP with a rate constant (Kapp) of 1.699 min−1 and also showed strong catalytic efficiency for all nitro compounds. In this paper, we have synthesized a new light blue crystal Cu-MOF-1 with Cu(II) as the central metal ion by using two mixed ligands, where N,N'-bis(3-pyridyl)adipamide (3-bpaa) and fumaric acid (H 2 FA). Taking this material as the precursor of the study, it is found that Cu-MOF-1 possesses a single-crystal-to-single-crystal (SCSC) transition phenomenon, using its structure in the free state of water molecules in the heating process will be dehydrated and thus transformed into dark blue crystal Cu-MOF-2. This color distinctive change can be intuitively identify the temperature conversion, and thus be applied to the direction of the temperature sensing. Moreover, using Cu-MOF-1 as a precursor, the carbon-based nanostructured materials (Cu@X) of Cu and Cu x O were derived from Cu-MOF-1 as a precursor in a straightforward and effective a single-step pyrolysis under different temperatures (400 °C, 600 °C, 800 °C and 1000 °C). As a result, Cu@1000 shown good activity (100 % conversion within 5 min) in the reduction of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) by the presence of sodium borohydride (NaBH 4) at mild circumstances, yielding a rate constant (K app) of 1.699 min−1. This remarkable performance is due to the utilization of both the uniform distribution of Cu-based nanoparticals (CuNPs) in the carbon matrix and the abundance of defect sites in the surface. This paper describes innovative MOF-derived catalysts that can be employed in a range of useful applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • This thorough review paper evaluated CNT's relevance in biological research and technology. • Different ways were explored to solubilize CNT by utilizing covalent and non-covalent technologies. • A wide-ranging assessment of the literature examines a number of promising findings and reports. • It will take some time to get beyond the fact that CNT is toxic, which is a big obstacle in the pharmaceutical industry. • Functionalization and conjugation with the substrate to enhance cellular absorption is a unique method for overcoming toxicity. This comprehensive review article discusses the biomedical applications of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with unique inherent chemical and physical attributes. The findings of different researchers in the field of CNT, their functionalization, and their biomedical applications are focused on. In-vitro and in-vivo drug delivery have been investigated, mainly using doxorubicin for anti-cancer treatment. Additionally, due to their Raman and photoluminescence properties, single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) have shown promise as optical contrast agents for cell imaging. In vitro and in vivo toxicity studies have demonstrated the biocompatibility and safety of hydrophilic serum-stable CNTs. The biodistribution of CNTs is influenced by functionalization, with small particles accumulating in the reticuloendothelial system (RES) of vital organs such as the heart, kidney, and spleen. The significant potential of CNTs in various biomedical applications is highlighted in this review. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Recent updates on Green fabrication of graphene based nanomaterials. • Offers mechanism photo-adsorptive degradation for environmental remediation. • Discussion on synthesis through conventional and green methodology with advantages. • Five-year scientific assessment for removal of environmental contaminants by GBNMs. During past decades, concerns about water contamination and its adverse consequences on the ecosystem have increased with population growth and industrial development. Recently, carbon- based nanomaterials, especially Graphene and its derivatives, have shown their excellent potential in eradicating water pollutants via photocatalysis. This review article summarizes the cleaner production of graphene-based engineered nanomaterials (GBNMs) to lessen environmental pollutants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, dyes, pesticides, heavy metals, phenols, and pharmaceutical waste from water. GBNMs-based solar radiation-assisted catalysts are a promising tool for environmental remediation and may provide facile alternatives to achieve a clean environment and pure water. This paper also comprehensively discusses various methodologies (conventional and green) for synthesizing GBNMs and their advantages over conventional methods. Moreover, GBNMs also offer a mechanism for adsorption and photocatalytic degradation to eliminate environmental contaminants. The last five years of study in this enormous field have been evaluated scientifically and analyzed. This review paper further addressed potential fixes, difficulties, and impending development prospects for GBNMs catalysts in sustainable applications in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The crystal structure, three-dimensional Young's modulus projection and band structure of Ba 2 AsXO 6 (X = V, Nb, Ta). [Display omitted] • The double perovskite oxides basic properties of Ba 2 AsXO 6 (X = V, Nb, Ta) are predicted via first-principles. • The theoretical calculation shows that these materials satisfy the stuctural, thermodynamic and mechanical stability. • The results show that they are potential photoelectric and thermoelectric materials. • This paper can provide a theoretical reference for the further study of Ba 2 AsXO 6 (X = V, Nb, Ta). In this paper, the structural, mechanical, electronic, optical and thermodynamic properties of Ba 2 AsXO 6 (X = V, Nb, Ta) double perovskite oxides have been studied based on the first principles of density functional theory. By calculating some parameters such as Goldsmith's tolerance factor (t G), octahedral factor (µ), Bartel's tolerance factor (τ), formation energy, binding energy and elastic constants, it is found that these double perovskite oxides have the potential for stable existence. In addition, Ba 2 AsXO 6 (X = V, Nb, Ta) is an anisotropic material, in which Ba 2 AsVO 6 is brittle, Ba 2 AsNbO 6 and Ba 2 AsTaO 6 are ductile. The electronic properties of the materials show that Ba 2 AsVO 6 and Ba 2 AsNbO 6 are indirect bandgap semiconductors with a band gap of 1.676 eV and 2.654 eV respectively, while Ba 2 AsTaO 6 is direct bandgap semiconductor with a band gap of 3.252 eV. The optical properties revealed that these perovskites exhibit favorable far-ultraviolet light absorption characteristics. The thermodynamic properties show that the specific heat capacity of these double perovskite oxides reaches the Dulong-Petit limit at around 800 K. These results indicate that Ba 2 AsXO 6 (X = V, Nb, Ta) double perovskite oxides have broad application prospects in the fields of thermoelectricity and optoelectronics. Furthermore, these results also provide a valuable theoretical basis for their future experimental synthesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

MOF exhibits the significant selectivity toward Fe3+ / Al3+ ions and fluorescent test papers for rapid on-site detection have been developed. [Display omitted] • MOF 1 exhibits the significant selectivity toward Fe3+ and Al3+ ions. • The excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) phenomenon has been Observed. • MOF 1 could be prepared as fluorescent test papers for rapid on-site detection. By virtue of mixed ligand strategy (2,5-Bis(1 H -pyrazole-4-ylmethylene)-cyclopentanone and 2,5-dihydroxyterephthalic acid / terephthalic acid), four new metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) were fabricated and characterized. When 2,5-dihydroxyterephthalic acid acted as auxiliary ligand, MOFs 1 – 3 show 1D chain structure. 4 containing auxiliary ligand terephthalic acid (without − OH group) displays a 2D layer structure. Notably, 1 exhibits the significant selectivity toward Fe3+ and Al3+ ions, whereas the fluorescence intensity of 4 changed slightly in the presence of various metal ions, indicating that uncoordinated –OH in 1 plays an important role in sensing process. Moreover, it is revealed that 1 could act as dual-functional fluorescent probe toward Fe3+ and Al3+ with selectivity, sensitivity and reusability, and it could be prepared as fluorescent test papers for rapid on-site detection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • This paper aims to provide simplified knowledge to junior scientists. • The paper aims to serve as a reference for future researchers in the field. • This review focuses on electrocatalysis and beneficial electrocatalytic properties. • Advances in the various types of electrocatalysts are reported. This paper reviews aspects related to hydrogen as an energy carrier, starting with discussing reasons for its use. Recent strategies developed for hydrogen production include steam methane reforming, gasification, photocatalysis, plasmolysis, and electrocatalysis. Important information regarding their respective advances and challenges are briefly presented. This review focuses on electrocatalysis, the types of cells used, and beneficial electrocatalytic properties. Moreover, recent advances in the various types of electrocatalysts, such as perovskites, polymers, metal oxides, phosphides, nitrides, sulfides, noble metals, carbon-based materials, and MOFs, are reported. This paper aims to provide simplified knowledge to junior scientists, high-school beginners, and low-expertise people in the hydrogen energy field to enrich their knowledge regarding this field. According to our faith, each person was once a beginner. This paper aims to serve as a reference for future researchers in the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Recent progress in heavy metal removal from waste water by iron based NPs. • Concentration, pH, temperature, amount of adsorbent affect removal of heavy metal ions. • A critical analysis and assessment are cultivated for the remediation of heavy metal ions. • Research gaps and prospective researches are recognized based on the survey. • Brief Summarization of heavy metal ion sensing/detection and remediation mechanism. Heavy metal contamination presents a significant environmental concern due to its persistence and harmful effects on ecosystems and human health. This paper offers an overview of various techniques utilized for the removal of heavy metals from water. Specifically, it focuses on the remediation of heavy metal-polluted environments using nanoparticles, with Fe-based nanoparticles emerging as a popular option due to their high reactivity, adsorption capabilities, and versatility in cleaning up environmental contaminants. The paper provides a comprehensive examination of several Fe-based nanoparticles, including surface-functionalized iron nanoparticles, Fe 2 O 3 , Fe 3 O 4 , and nano zero-valent iron (NZVI), highlighting their applications in the removal of heavy metal pollutants. Various reaction pathways, such as precipitation, adsorption, reduction, and oxidation, between heavy metals and Fe-based nanoparticles are thoroughly explained. Methods such as precipitation involve the formation of insoluble precipitates through the addition of chemicals, while ion exchange relies on materials that replace heavy metal ions in water. Adsorption utilizes substances like activated carbon to attract and bind heavy metal ions, and chelation forms stable complexes for easier removal. Bioremediation employs microorganisms and plants to accumulate or transform heavy metals, while electrochemical methods and membrane filtration utilize electric current and selective barriers, respectively, for effective removal. Additionally, the study emphasizes the influence of surrounding circumstances (e.g., pH, catalyst dose, and concentration of pollutants) and kinetic modules on the reactivity of Fe-based nanoparticles with heavy metals. Lastly, it discusses the environmental risks associated with the use of Fe-based nanoparticles and suggests future directions for their application in remediation efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Eco-friendly synthesis of gold nanocomposites for sensing applications. • Advanced characterization techniques and sensing mechanisms. • Challenges and commercialization potential in sustainable synthesis. • Innovative use of gold nanocomposites in sustainable sensing. Au-based nanocomposites were increasingly recognized for their potential in sensing applications, particularly environmental monitoring and biomedical diagnostics. This review examined recent advancements in the eco-friendly synthesis of Au-based nanocomposites and their applications in sensing. The paper highlighted the importance of sustainable synthesis methods, exploring green chemistry principles, bio-based approaches, and the use of sustainable materials. The review also covered the characterization techniques used to assess these nanocomposites and discussed their sensing mechanisms, particularly in detecting pollutants and biological targets. The challenges and future opportunities in eco-friendly synthesis and sensing applications were also considered, emphasizing the potential for commercialization and large-scale implementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Development and present progress of biodegradable Mg alloys. • Emphasizes of Mg alloy's transformative influence on the field of biomedical implants. • Analysis of mechanical properties which enhance corrosion resistance to Mg alloys. • Biocompatibility and Bioactivity analyses of Mg alloys in addition to in vitro and in vivo models. • Analysis of cutting-edge coating techniques and surface engineering in field of Mg biomedical implants. This paper deals with the development and present progress of biodegradable magnesium alloys and emphasizes their transformative influence on the field of biomedical implants. In this overview, it was emphasized that biodegradable magnesium plays in human health, including its anti-inflammatory properties, capacity to inhibit bacterial growth, and implications in the fight against cancer, by examining its historical progression and evolving characteristics. Attaining the necessary mechanical properties, enhancing corrosion resistance, and controlling degradation rates are the focal points of contemporary research. In the design of vascular stents, absorbable bone implants, and wound closure devices, magnesium alloys have exhibited remarkable promise. As a result of premature implant failure, their rapid degradation has proven to impede clinical contexts. As an effective method for enhancing corrosion resistance and satisfying a variety of therapeutic needs, bio-functional surface coatings have emerged. It requires biocompatibility, adherence, and corrosion resistance analyses in addition to in vitro and in vivo models for a comprehensive evaluation of critical therapeutic outcomes, such as osteogenesis, angiogenesis, and antimicrobial effects. By utilising cutting-edge coating techniques and surface engineering, the ultimate objective is to improve the clinical use and properties of magnesium alloys. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Ecofriendly synthesis of Andrographis echioides mediated ZnONPs. • Ae-ZnONPs exhibited a significant inhibitory effect against pathogenic bacteria through ROS production. • Ae-ZnONPs exhibited an enhanced free radical quenching effect. • Ae-ZnONPs showed good biocompatibility when exposed to blood. • Ae-ZnONPs showed potent cytotoxicity against HeLa cell line. Finding alternatives to traditional antibiotics has become crucial due to the emerging antibiotic resistance shown by various microorganisms. Metal nanoparticles are arising as one such alternative. This paper presents an efficient and environmentally benign approach for preparing ZnO nanoparticles via greener approaches using Andrographis echioides (L.) Nees leaf extract and unravel the possible applications and mechanisms behind their toxicity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The characterization studies show a peak at 362 nm (λmax) in the UV–Vis spectroscopic measurement with a bandgap energy of 3.10 eV. Hexagonal wurtzite structure is revealed in the XRD investigation of Ae-ZnONPs with a crystallite size of ≈14 nm. Ae-ZnONPs' spherical structure and their mean size ranging between 15 and 35 nm, are confirmed by SEM and TEM assessment respectively. The FTIR analysis revealed various functional groups and molecular interactions of plant extract and Ae-ZnONPs. Investigation into the antibacterial mechanism of action of Ae-ZnONPs revealed that these nanoparticles exhibit bactericidal effect against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus through the means of generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), causing elevated lipid peroxidation and breakage of the membrane, and subsequent events culminating in cell death. These nanoparticles showed distinct antioxidant properties by scavenging DPPH, SOD, ABTS, and FRAP free radicals. Ae-ZnONPs were biocompatible with human RBC indicating their biosafe nature. Cytotoxicity evaluation of Ae-ZnONPs alone revealed concentration-dependent toxicity towards HeLa cells while remaining non-toxic to normal cells at the maximal concentration (100 μg/mL), showcasing anticancer potential which was further elucidated via ROS, live/dead cell imaging, and apoptotic study. Molecular alterations in HeLa cells were investigated through RT-PCR that showed upregulation of apoptotic and downregulation of antiapoptotic genes. The comprehensive findings suggest that Ae-ZnONPs can be employed as alternatives to antibiotics which also exhibit potential as anticancer agents, laying the foundation for future extensive research in this domain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • This review discusses liquid crystals as corrosion inhibitors for mild steel (MS) in different acidic environments. • It includes liquid crystal structures and natural plant products containing N, S, and O atoms, mechanism of action, electrochemical studies (PDP, EIS), and DFT studies. • An emphasis is placed on the factors influencing inhibition and the effectiveness of liquid crystals in this paper. The corrosion of metals poses a significant challenge across various industries. While numerous methods exist, corrosion inhibitors remain a cornerstone for mitigating metal degradation. Corrosion, a pervasive issue across industrial, environmental, and technological sectors, necessitates effective mitigation strategies for metals and alloys. While various approaches exist, corrosion inhibitors offer a reliable and environmentally friendly solution. Traditionally, researchers have explored organic, inorganic, and plant-derived compounds in their respective contexts. In recent years, the potential of liquid crystals as corrosion inhibitors has gained significant attention due to their promising performance. This review reveals the application of liquid crystals and plant polymers as corrosion inhibitors, particularly for mild steel in acidic environments. The study encompasses inhibitory mechanisms evaluated through weight loss, electrochemical techniques (PDP, EIS), and contact angle measurements in conjunction with quantum calculations (DFT) for a comprehensive understanding. The influence of molecular structure, containing the Pi-electron cloud and, N, S, and O hetero atoms, on inhibition efficiency was explored. By highlighting the potential of these compounds as effective corrosion inhibitors, this review aims to stimulate further research in this promising area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Novel BiOI@Cu-MOF heterojunctions were prepared by in situ deposition of p-type BiOI nanosheets on n-type Cu-MOF using a controlled precipitation method. Moreover, the structures and photocatalytic properties of these materials had been investigated in detail. [Display omitted] • A family of BiOI@Cu-MOF heterojunctions was prepared by using controlled precipitation method. • The optimized BiOI@Cu-5 heterojunction showed nearly 100 % removal of RB under UV irradiation. • The narrow forbidden band semiconductor BiOI effectively improved the light absorption. • Cu-MOF helps to improve the surface active sites due to its specific surface area. • The internal electric field accelerated the separation of photogenerated electrons and holes. Organic dyes are one of the most popular dyes used in industrial and consumption nowadays, and the use of dyes has certain hazards. One of the greenest and most efficient methods for breaking down organic contaminants is photocatalysis. It is a green technology that has enormous promise for the environment and energy sectors. In this work, p-type BiOI nanosheets were deposited in situ on n-type copper-based metal–organic framework (Cu-MOF) to create a unique BiOI@Cu-MOF heterojunction. The BiOI@Cu-5 heterojunction that is optimized showed nearly 100 % removal of rose Bengal (RB) under UV irradiation as well as the degradation rates of methyl orange (MO), crystal violet (GV), methylene blue (MB), and rhodamine B (RhB) were 99.70 %, 95.70 %, 27.20 %, and 23.90 %, respectively. First, the introduction of narrow bandgap BiOI into the material can effectively enhance its absorption of sunlight. Secondly, the high specific surface of the Cu-based MOFs material is favorable for improving the catalytic activity of the catalyst. More critically, the intrinsic electric field at the Cu-MOFs/BiOI heterojunction interface facilitates a successful division of photogenerated electron-hole pairs. Further studies revealed that the photogenerated holes are the important active ingredients for RB scavenging. In this paper, Bi-based semiconductors were used to create p-n heterostructures that will bring new ideas for increasing MOF photocatalytic activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Synthesized a two-dimensional cobalt-based metal-organic framework (MOF) with abundant adsorption sites. • The maximum amount of Cr(VI) adsorbed by 2D-Co-MOF-N in wastewater is 207.93 mg/g, which is larger than most MOFs adsorbents. • The Cl−, NO 3 −, SO 4 2−, and PO 4 3− in the solution inhibited the adsorption of Cr(VI) in wastewater by competitive adsorption. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) display multi-level pores and abundant adsorption sites, which can effectively adsorb Cr(VI) from wastewater. In this paper, x-ray single crystal diffraction analysis showed that both the N atom and two carboxyl groups in L2− of [Co(L)(H 2 O) 2 ] n (1) (H 2 L = 3, 5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid) underwent coordination reactions with Co(II) in μ 3 -η1:η1:η1 fashion, giving rise to the formation of a two-dimensional structure. The nano adsorbent of 1 (2D-Co-MOF-N) with a particle diameter about 100 nm was successfully prepared by cell disruption method. The optimal conditions for 2D-Co-MOF-N to adsorb Cr(VI) from wastewater were observed at pH 6.5, T = 30 °C, and a dosage of 0.10 g/L, achieving a maximum adsorption capacity of 207.93 mg/g which was better than most MOFs adsorbents. The present of Cl−, NO 3 –, SO 4 2−, and PO 4 3− in wastewater inhibited the adsorption of Cr(VI) by 2D-Co-MOF-N due to competitive adsorption. Cycling experiments showed that 2D-Co-MOF-N exhibited admirable structural and performance stability, which could be deemed as a potential candidate for the removal toxic ions from actual wastewater. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • A systematic overview is given on safety hazards in Li-ion batteries. • Diverse demerits in Li-ion batteries are addressed and scrutinized. • Summarizes active and passive cooling based on PCM. Li-ion batteries are a key component of today's electric cars. However, those pushing for more electric vehicles are concerned about battery performance. Because temperature determines the battery's durability, regulating the heat and maintaining the temperature and temperature changes in the battery packs within an acceptable range is critical. A battery cooling system can prevent early degradation of battery life. The first section of this study looks at the impact of PCM and its composite on battery performance in three different cooling conditions: low temperature, high temperature, and ambient temperature in environmental conditions. The battery cooling system is then thoroughly explored, focusing on battery modeling approaches and thermal management techniques. This article summarizes active and passive cooling based on PCM and the influence of high and low-temperature environments on lithium-ion battery technology and their aging effects. In addition, this paper examines some real-world accidents involving electric vehicles under Indian climate conditions. The southern regions typically have hot weather for most of the year. Most accidents occur in the southern region, where the temperature is high. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • The sulfonation time of PP fibers is reduced by 50 % due to the acid soaking process applied prior to sulfonation. • The soak treatment was carried out at temperature about dozens of degree lower than that of sulfonation process. • The pretreatment of the precursors enhanced the mechanical properties of PP-based carbon fibers from 286.4 MPa to 399.6 MPa. Polyolefin fibers have received wide attention as the precursor for low-cost carbon fiber, and cross-linking of linear polyolefin by strong acid has been proven to be an effective way to stabilize the precursor fiber prior to carbonization. However, the conventional temperature used in sulfonation process is too high and could result in severe decomposition of the linear chain of the polymer, which further deteriorated the mechanical properties of the as-prepared carbon fiber. Thus, reducing the duration of sulfonation process operated at high temperature may alleviate the degradation behavior, conferring the polyolefin-based carbon fibers with better performance. In this paper, polypropylene (PP) fibers were soaked in sulfuric acid at 50 °C–90 °C, before the conventional preparation protocol of PP-based carbon fiber. The structural evolution from PP to carbon fiber were characterized by Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Raman spectroscopy. The mechanical and conductive properties of carbonized fibers where further measured. The results showed that the soak in sulfuric acid resulted in swelling of PP fibers in diameter direction, as well as reducing the crystallinity of the fibers, both of which were physical transformation, and could be easily controlled by soak temperature. The subsequent sulfonation at conventional temperature was fastened for the soaked PP fibers, and the duration of sufficient sulfonation were almost reduced by half. The obtained carbon fibers exhibited better thermal conductivity and mechanical properties, which were enhanced by 25 % and 40 %, respectively, compared with that without soak pretreatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • This study communicates a simple, in-situ green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using only HPMC as a reducing and stabilizing agent. • HR-TEM images showed well-dispersed spherical-shaped silver nanoparticles with a size of 11 nm on average. • An enhancement in the thermal stability of the samples is observed after the nanoparticles are formed. • The Nyquist plots showed the smaller semicircle as the concentration is increased, resulting in the higher conductivity. • Antibacterial test showed an exceptional antimicrobial activity of synthesized nanocomposites against E. coli and S. aureus. In-situ green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using hydroxypropyl-methylcellulose (HPMC) as a reducing and stabilizing agent is presented in this paper. A simple solution-casting method is used for preparing nanocomposite films. The reduction of silver ions to silver elementary particles was completed when the alkaline pH was maintained. The initial confirmation of AgNPs was visualized by the brown color of the prepared solution and later confirmed by the surface Plasmon resonance peak obtained from the UV–visible absorption study. X-ray diffraction measurement study revealed the crystalline nature of the AgNPs with FCC structure. The uniform distribution of AgNPs in the HPMC matrix is witnessed by Scanning electron microscope. The spherical shape of the prepared AgNPs is observed by transmission electron microscopic images with an average size of 11 nm. Dynamic light scattering experiment exposed the hydrodynamic size distribution and good stability of AgNPs. Thermogravimetric analysis showed high thermal stability of nanocomposites. Mechanical studies showed increased elongation at break and tensile strength of the prepared nanocomposites. Dielectric constant and dielectric loss were ascertained to decrease with an increase in frequency. Further, the antibacterial activity study showed an excellent activity of AgNPs in contrast to human bacterial pathogens viz., Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Novel red-emitting Ca 2 EuMO 6 double-perovskite phosphors were prepared by solid-state reaction method. • Under 395 nm excitation, these phosphors produced bright red emissions around 620 nm. • High color purity of 90.7%, 93.2%, and 92.7% was achieved for M = Sb, Nb, Ta, respectively. • These phosphors also exhibited excellent thermal stability. In this paper, three new efficient Eu3+-activated Ca 2 EuMO 6 (M = Sb, Nb, and Ta) red-emitting phosphors with outstanding luminescence properties were prepared by using the high-temperature solid-state reaction method. X-ray diffraction and Rietveld refinements revealed the double-perovskite structure of Ca 2 EuMO 6 (M = Sb, Nb, and Ta) compounds. Photoluminescent excitation and emission spectra, decay lifetimes, CIE chromaticity coordinates, color purity values, internal quantum efficiency, and thermal stability were discussed in detail. Under the excitation of 395 nm near-ultraviolet light, these Ca 2 EuMO 6 (M = Sb, Nb, and Ta) phosphors demonstrated bright narrow-band red emissions with peaks at 592, 620, 656, and 703 nm due to the 5D 0 →7F J (J = 1–4) transitions of Eu3+ ions. The internal quantum efficiencies of the Ca 2 EuSbO 6 , Ca 2 EuNbO 6, and Ca 2 EuTaO 6 samples were determined to be 39.3%, 41.6%, and 40.4%, respectively. Impressively, the emission intensity of Ca 2 EuNbO 6 is about 1.25 times higher than that of commercial Y 2 O 3 :Eu3+ red phosphor. CIE color coordinates of Ca 2 EuMO 6 (M = Sb, Nb, and Ta) phosphors were calculated to be (0.6748, 0.3250), (0.6800, 0.3198), and (0.6790, 0.3208), respectively; along with high color purity of 90.7%, 93.2%, and 92.7%. Besides, their thermal stability was also investigated, and the corresponding emission intensities of Ca 2 EuMO 6 (M = Sb, Nb, and Ta) at 423 K were respectively maintained at 73%, 86%, and 80% of that at 303 K. All results show that these newly developed red-emitting Ca 2 EuMO 6 (M = Sb, Nb, and Ta) phosphors possess potential applications in white light-emitting diodes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Using machine learning methods to dig deeper into the structure-performance relationship of MOFs. • Efficient search for high-performance materials by generating novel MOFs using TAGA. • Provide directions for the design and development of new MOFs based on the obtained material structure-property relationships. High-throughput molecular simulations and machine learning algorithms have been widely used to identify promising metal–organic frameworks for gas separation. However, most studies are limited to screening high-performance materials from existing databases, which fails to fully utilize the predictive function of machine learning. This paper combines genetic algorithms and high-throughput screening to deeply mine anion-pillared MOF (APMOF) performance feature relationships and predict high-performance materials that are not in the database. Considering the actual industrial conditions (CF 4 /N 2 = 10/90), we chose the ratio of CF 4 :N 2 = 1:9 to simulate the adsorption separation of gas mixtures of MOF materials at a temperature of 298 K and a pressure of 1 bar. First, the CF 4 /N 2 separation properties of MOFs in the APMOF library were obtained based on molecular simulations. Then, the filtered data were coded according to the method of "building block classification − structural interval categorization". Then, the machine learning algorithm was used for model training to obtain a high-precision model. Finally, the tangent adaptive genetic algorithm was used to recombine the genes of the materials, and the new MOF materials were successfully reverse-engineered. The study found that the pore-limit diameter of APMOFs is most conducive to the separation of CF 4 /N 2 by MOFs when the pore-limit diameter of APMOFs is within two times the molecular dynamics diameter of CF 4. 134 MOF materials were predicted to have CF 4 /N 2 selectivities exceeding 46.30. The use of organic ligands such as 4,4′-bipyridyl or 1,4-bis(4-pyridyl)benzene (bpb) increases the likelihood of these materials being high-performance for CF 4 /N 2 separation. The combination of computational screening methods and machine learning can expedite the design and development of new high-performance MOFs. This approach can also provide guidance for the synthetic direction and pattern of materials, which can assist experimentalists in their synthesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Amino-modified UI0-67 with ultrahigh specific surface area and visible light response was successfully synthesized. • The performance of UIO-67-NH 2 degraded MO under optimal conditions was 4.548 times that of P 25. • The Fe3+ and NO 3 − enhanced the catalytic performance, while Na+, Zn2+, Cu2+, Cl−, CO 3 2−, and PO 4 3− inhibited it. The presence of ions in wastewater can have significant impact on photocatalytic performance. In this paper, the ZrCl 4 and 2-amino-4,4′-biphenyldicarboxylic acid reacted in N,N-dimethylformamide solvent to produce light yellow UIO-67-NH 2. The structure and physical and chemical properties of UIO-67-NH 2 were characterized by elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared (IR), thermogravimetric (TGA), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), N 2 adsorption/desorption isotherm and ultraviolet–visible light diffuse reflectance spectrum (UV–Vis DRS). The results showed that UIO-67-NH 2 had good thermal stability and visible light absorption properties. Its specific surface area and particle diameter were approximately 1282 m2·g−1 and 200 nm, respectively. The maximum rate of photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange (MO) by UIO-67-NH 2 under visible light irradiation was 4.000 mg·L−1·min−1, which was 4.548 times that of P 25. The results of the ion coexistence experiment showed that the Fe3+ and the NO 3 − enhanced the catalytic performance in the form of synergistic photocatalytic production of ·OH; the Na+, Zn2+, Cu2+, Cl−, CO 3 2− and PO 4 3− inhibited the photocatalytic performance. The higher the ion concentration, the more obvious their inhibition would been. The density functional theory (DFT) calculations and electrospray mass spectrometry (ESI-Ms) analysis indicated that highly electronegative groups of MO molecules were preferentially broken under the oxidation of hydroxyl radicals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Zn-MOF/AgCl composite, synthesized by in-situ combination of [Zn(L)Cl] n with AgCl, exhibits excellent photocatalytic properties. [Display omitted] • Zn-MOF/AgCl composites were simply synthesized by precipitation method. • The agglomeration of AgCl was easily solved, improving catalytic performance. • Composite ZA-0.5 exhibits excellent degradation capabilities for RhB and TC. • The radicals ·O 2 − play major role in the degradation of pollutants. The agglomeration tendency of AgCl, as a photocatalyst, hampers its advancement and practical application. In this paper, a simple composite method is designed based on the precipitation characteristics of AgCl. Ag+ ions introduced from outside combines with Cl− anions in complex [Zn(L)Cl] n (M1) [L = 2-(1-(carboxymethyl)-1H-benzo [d] imidazol-3-ium-3-yl)acetate)] to directly form Zn-MOF/AgCl composites (ZA-x, x = 0.5, 1 and 2), which may effectively prevent agglomeration of AgCl. The morphology and structure analysis displays a remarkable dispersity of AgCl. Further characterization and analysis of PL, UV–Vis, EIS, and TPC reveal that the composites have potential as excellent photocatalysts. The subsequent visible light catalytic degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) and tetracycline hydrochloride (TC) has shown that the optimal composite ZA-0.5 with M1 to AgCl ratio of 1:0.5 exhibits the highest degradation efficiency in the 20 mg/L solution of RhB or TC, achieving 99.1 % for RhB within 20 min and 81.9 % for TC within 50 min. The free radical trapping test shows that ⋅O 2 − is the main catalytic species in the degradation process. In addition, the possible degradation mechanism was analyzed by VB-XPS and LC-MS. In a word, the in-situ combination of Cl− in M1 with Ag+ improves the dispersity of AgCl, enhances the interaction between M1 and AgCl, and leads to the effetive separation of electrons and holes, therefore improving the photocatalytic performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three polymorphic Xyl 2 BOH could be induced by different polar solvents exhibiting clustering-triggered emission and excitation-dependent phosphorescence. [Display omitted] • A new arylborinic acid, Xyl 2 BOH , was successfully synthesized. Xyl 2 BOH can form three different crystals with distinct luminescent properties. • The three different Xyl 2 BOH crystals exhibit excitation-dependent luminescent properties due to the critical role of through-space conjugation (TSC) interactions between boron and oxygen atoms in enabling the cluster-triggered emission (CTE) mechanism. • The relationship between molecular stacking and CTE behavior has been elucidated based on accurate single-crystal data. The cluster-triggered emission (CTE) phenomenon has attracted much attention due to its unique photoluminescent properties and intrinsic mechanism. However, due to the diversity of a typical chromophores in the cluster structure and the complexity of intramolecular/intermolecular electronic interactions, the understanding of their luminescence mechanism is still extremely limited. In this paper, the CTE properties of arylborinic acid with polycrystalline phases are investigated, emphasising the effect of crystal stacking control on the excitation-related room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) and afterglow properties. Crystal structure studies revealed that through-space conjugation (TSC) between boron and oxygen atoms plays a key role in the CTE mechanism. These inspirations not only deepen the understanding of CTE in boron materials, but also highlight how polycrystalline phase CTE strategies can be utilised to develop RTP material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • The microcubes were prepared at room temperature by using a precipitation method. • XRD confirmed well-crystallized, isostructural cobalt and nickel selenite dihydrate. • Thermogravimetric analyses revealed key thermal events in the prepared compounds. • IR and Raman studies revealed characteristic bands, validating selenite structure. • SEM showed well-defined microcubes, revealing unique selenite dihydrate morphology. • Dielectric studies showed high values at low frequencies with negligible loss. This paper outlines the template-free preparation of cobalt and nickel selenite dihydrate microcubes using a simple precipitation method from aqueous solutions at room temperature. Structural analysis revealed the formation of pure, well-crystallized isostructural cobalt and nickel selenite dihydrate, exhibiting monoclinic crystal systems of space group P2 1 /n. Thermal analysis showed distinct decomposition patterns for both compounds, highlighting their thermal stabilities. The intermediate formed after water loss were stable up to ∼550 °C, and crystallized before decomposing into their respective oxides via SeO 2 sublimation. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images illustrated the presence of irregular-sized well-defined microcubes with smooth surfaces and sharp edges, distributed across the material. The formation of these microstructures is likely driven by self-aggregation and the Ostwald ripening process. Dielectric studies on pelletized materials revealed higher dielectric constants at low frequencies with minimal dielectric loss. CoSeO 3 ⋅2H 2 O exhibited higher dielectric constants than NiSeO 3 ⋅2H 2 O due to the larger ionic radius of Co2+ ions, which leads to a greater degree of polarization compared to Ni2+ ions. The considerably higher dielectric constant with an insignificant amount of dielectric loss indicates the materials' potential for applications in dielectric and microwave technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Green Synthesis Techniques of nanomaterials: eco-friendly methods for synthesizing nanomaterials that minimize environmental impact by reducing energy consumption and avoiding hazardous chemicals. • Utilization of renewable resources as precursor materials for nanomaterial synthesis. (plant extracts, agricultural waste, or biopolymers, which not only contribute to sustainability but also offer unique properties that enhance the electrical performance of nanomaterials). • Advanced characterization techniques used to analyze the electrical properties of sustainable nanomaterials and provide insights into the structure–property relationships. (such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). • Performance of new green synthesis methods in terms of nanomaterials' electrical properties (comparison of Band Gap of Green / chemical nanoparticles) • Challenges, Future Perspectives and possible improvement paths (surface functionalization, hybrid green nanoparticles, etc.) In recent years, nanomaterials have become widely used in various fields. Their need is becoming more and more crucial in several applications, mainly the latest electronic gadgets. It has been proven that these nanostructured materials present distinctive electrical properties compared to traditional materials. However, their synthesis is a complicated and challenging process. Nanomaterials' fabrication methods, in particular nanoparticle ones, need to provide material as efficiently as possible but at the same time follow a biosafe and environmentally friendly synthesis process. Green synthesis techniques are considered nowadays as potential solutions to meet this goal. This new frontier is a prominent path towards a sustainable environment era. Unfortunately, it is still missing an updated state-of-the-art showing the performance of new green synthesis methods in terms of nanomaterials' electrical properties and possible improvement paths. This paper focuses mainly on this important challenge and exposes state-of-the-art of different synthesis techniques chiefly centered on green ones and their impact on well-known nanoparticles' electrical properties. Better knowledge would allow us to move toward nanoparticles with better performance for electronic applications and a reduced environmental footprint. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Exploration of innovative drug delivery systemsfor efficient fludarabine administration in cancer treatment. • Emphasis on stimuli-responsive systems offering a breakthrough for targeted drug release within tumors. • Promising outcomes in clinical trials with combination therapies showcasing improved cancer treatment approaches. • Encapsulation of fludarabine in nanoparticles optimizing cancer treatment outcomes. The need to improve the effectiveness of cancer treatment and minimize side effects highlights the need of investigating improved methods of delivering the drug fludarabine (FLU), which is crucial in the treatment of hematological malignancies. Polymeric nanoparticles (NPs), liposomes, dendrimers, and hydrogels are some of the drug delivery systems (DDS) studied for the purpose of delivering FLU. This paper provides a review of these various DDS. It is discussed that there are polymer systems that are both non-responsive and stimuli-responsive. There is an emphasis placed on stimuli-responsive systems that deteriorate under conditions that are specific to tumors, such as low pH. It is also examined how fludarabine can be administered in conjunction with other medications, such as mitoxantrone and dexamethasone. The following is a summary of several combination therapies that have been proven to be successful in clinical studies and that make use of fludarabine. The most important findings suggest that encapsulating fludarabine in nanoparticles can improve its efficacy, lessen its toxicity, and make it possible to co-deliver drug combinations for synergistic effects. Stimuli-responsive systems possess the potential to offer a method for the targeted release of drugs within tumors. On the whole, the introduction of more sophisticated drug delivery platforms continues to make fludarabine a more effective option for treating cancer. Continued progress in drug delivery systems, particularly in the creation of multi-responsive and tailored methods, show potential for improving the effectiveness of fludarabine as a treatment. These advancements will be essential in maximizing the efficiency and security of fludarabine in cancer therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • A Keggin polyoxometalate (POM)-sulfadiazine porous material has been prepared. • The hybrid compound (A) showed irreversible redox processes at some potentials. • The structure of the hybrid material contains solvent accessible voids. • Thermal properties of the hybrid compound (A) were investigated by TGA/DTA. • The loss of the adsorbed water molecules on the hybrid compound (A) starts at 28 °C. In this paper, a new supramolecular assembled Keggin polyoxometalate (POM) based organic-inorganic porous material (A; [HSiMo 12 O 40 ].3[C 10 H 11 N 4 O 2 S].48H 2 O) containing the compound sulfadiazine (SZD) has been prepared and its molecular structure was determined. To characterize the hybrid compound (A), X-ray crystallography, MALDI-TOF, UV–Vis, photoluminescence and FTIR methods were used. The electrochemical properties of the Keggin POM, SZD and porous hybrid (A) compounds were investigated in the −1.8 – 1.8 V range and the redox processes at some potentials of the hybrid compound (A) are irreversible at 250 and 500 mV/s scan rates. Thermal stability properties of the hybrid compound (A) were investigated by the TGA/DTA instruments. The loss of the adsorbed water molecules on the hybrid compound (A) starts at 28 °C temperature. Crystal structure of the hybrid compound contains a Keggin type polyoxometalate [HSiMo 12 O 40 ]3− and three monoprotonated sulfadiazinium (HSZD)+ cations. In the structure of the hybrid material, there are solvent accessible voids along a axis filled with water molecule. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A family of Cu-based materials was derived from a Cu-MOF with different dopants by pyrolysis method. The structures of the materials and iodine adsorption properties were investigated in detail. [Display omitted] • A Cu-MOF was employed as the precursor to derived Cu-based materials by pyrolysis. • Ammonium tetrathiomolybdate, hydroquinone, glucose and urea were selected for dopants. • By doping hydroquinone, Cu-2 had a better adsorption effect on iodine solution and iodine vapor. • Reaction temperature and interfering ion on the removal of iodine had been investigated. • The mechanism of iodine adsorption had been studied in detail. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have gained a lot of attention due to their variable pore size and large surface area. Although MOFs and their derived materials have shown encouraging performance in radioiodine capture, there are still drawbacks such as poor stability, poor selectivity, low adsorption capacity and long adsorption time, as well as insufficiently systematic studies on the structural effects of doping with different functional groups as well as acid-base materials on MOFs. Thus, developing adsorbents with high iodine adsorption efficiency is a difficult issue. In this paper, a Cu-MOF ([Cu 2 (3-bpah)(1,4-NDC) 2 ]·(1,4-H 2 NDC)·3H 2 O, where 3-bpah = N,N'-bis(3-pyridylformamide)-1,2-cyclohexane, 1,4-H 2 NDC = 1,4-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid) was employed as the precursor and selected ammonium tetrathiomolybdate (1), hydroquinone (2), glucose (3), urea (4) for doping precursors. As a result, four different porous materials with different structures, namely Cu-1, Cu-2, Cu-3 and Cu-4, were prepared by pyrolysis under 800 °C. Meanwhile, the structures of the materials and iodine adsorption properties were investigated in detail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Facile preparation of Zn 2 SiO 4 /g-C 3 N 4 nanocomposites by ultrasonic-assisted co-precipitation methods. • The various amounts of Zn 2 SiO 4 influenced morphology and size of Zn 2 SiO 4 /g-C 3 N 4 nanocomposites. • Zn 2 SiO 4 / g-C 3 N 4 showed the maximum decolorization percentage over eriochrome black T. • The maximum photocatalytic performance was achieved at a higher rate constant reaction. • Superoxide radicals and positive holes are the most prominent active species. This paper presents an approach to prepare zinc silicate (Zn 2 SiO 4) and its nanocomposites with graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4) for enhanced photocatalytic performance. Zn 2 SiO 4 was synthesized using a simple and cost-effective sonochemical method, followed by the fabrication of Zn 2 SiO 4 /g-C 3 N 4 through an ultrasonic-assisted co-precipitation method. The characterization of Zn 2 SiO 4 and its nanocomposites was carried out using various techniques such as XRD, FTIR, EDS, SEM, TEM, BET, and DRS. The main focus of this study was to investigate the photocatalytic efficiency of g-C 3 N 4 , Zn 2 SiO 4 , and different Zn 2 SiO 4 nanocomposites for the degradation of eriochrome black T (EBT) and erythrosine (ER). It is worth noting that this is the first time Zn 2 SiO 4 has been combined with carbon nitride, which resulted in excellent photocatalytic performance. The experimental results revealed that several factors influenced the efficiency of the photocatalytic process, including the content of Zn 2 SiO 4 in the nanocomposite, catalyst loading, and initial concentration of EBT. Among all the tested compositions, Zn 2 SiO 4 /g-C 3 N 4 with 10 % Zn 2 SiO 4 exhibited the best performance. Specifically, when 70 mg of 10 % Zn 2 SiO 4 /g-C 3 N 4 was used as a catalyst, it achieved a remarkable degradation efficiency of 75.5 % for 10 ppm EBT. This finding highlights the potential application of Zn 2 SiO 4 /g-C 3 N 4 nanocomposites as efficient photocatalysts for environmental remediation. The results of scavenger test indicated that superoxide radicals and positive holes played significant roles in driving the photodegradation reactions. Furthermore, a kinetics study was performed to determine the rate constant (k) associated with the photocatalytic process. It was observed that a higher rate constant (k = 0.011 min−1) corresponded to a higher efficiency of 75.5 %. This finding suggests that the Zn 2 SiO 4 /g-C 3 N 4 nanocomposites possess excellent photocatalytic activity and can effectively degrade organic pollutants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • MoS 2 /WO 3 nanocomposites were prepared using the hydrothermal process. • The hexagonal crystal structure of the samples was confirmed through XRD spectrographs. • The average size of nanorod-shaped MoS 2 /WO 3 structure was measured at ∼ 70 nm. • Enhanced photocatalytic performance was exhibited by MoS 2 /WO 3 nanocomposites. • The photocatalytic degradation efficiency of the MoS 2 /WO 3 nanocomposites was 90 %. A lot of people are interested in hybrid nanostructures made of two-dimensional materials like transition metal dichalcogenides and transition metal oxides because they could be used as photocatalysts. This interest stems from their outstanding structural, electronic, and optical properties. The main objective of this paper is how to make a photocatalyst that works better by combining a special photocatalytic system made of MoS 2 /WO 3 nanocomposites in an easy hydrothermal process. The crystalline structure of MoS 2 , WO 3 , and MoS 2 /WO 3 nanocomposites was verified by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) investigation. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis showed the creation of highly pure MoS 2 and MoS 2 /WO 3 composites, which showed a clustering of several spherical nanorods. We performed photocatalytic experiments using methylene blue dye under visible light in the presence of MoS 2 , WO 3 , and MoS 2 /WO 3 nanocomposites. We observed that the formation of heterojunction and the increase of active sites were the optimal parameters affecting the photodegradation of methylene blue. The degradation percentages were observed to be 59 %, 55 %, and 90 %, respectively, within 120 min of light irradiation. The results of consecutive experiments explicitly demonstrate the enrichment of the photocatalytic properties of the MoS 2 /WO 3 nanorods. Furthermore, we thoroughly investigated and discussed the mechanism of photodegradation in the MoS 2 /WO 3 nanocomposites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Catechol generated Pd nanoparticles have been demonstrated as efficient catalysts for dye degradation. • Newly developed Pd nanoparticles selectively degrade anionic dyes. • Pd catalyst can be recycled for dye degradation. • Degraded products were identified by GC–MS analysis. Several industries including textile, dye manufacturing industries, paper and pulp industries discharge colored wastewater. The majority of synthetic dyes is composed of toxic azo compounds. Eradication of toxic azo dyes, organic pollutants, radioactive materials from the global ecosystem has received remarkable attention due to their detrimental effects on human health and ecosystem. Nanotechnology-based applications on catalytic degradation of contaminants from aqueous ecosystem have evolved as a major topic of research in the scientific community, to develop a cost-effective and energy-effective strategy. In this context, nanomaterials have gained much attention because of its unique physico-chemical properties. Herein, catechol-generated palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs) have been utilized for the selective removal of congo red dye from wastewater. In this study, Palladium nanocatalyst (4 μg/ml) developed earlier by our group, was screened for degradation of dyes of different nature. The newly developed nanocatalyst was found to be effective against anionic dyes. Among the anaionic dyes, congo red was selected for degdradation study in detail. Complete degradation of congo red dye (CR) (150 μM) is found to happen within 10 min. Besides catalytic degradation, the efficiency of the recycled catalyst was evaluated, which exhibits 60 % efficiency even after the 3rd cycle. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) characterization of the degraded products reveals the formation of benzidine, indicating the reductive cleavage of azo linkage of the dye. In summary, the results highlight the potential development of a nanocatalyst for the selective and efficient removal of congo red, suggesting a simple,cost-effective, and reusable approach to prevent industrial pollutant in aqueous ecosystem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • A novel coordination architecture, {[Co(toua)(4,4′-bpy)].2H 2 O} n (1), constructed using an unexplored polyether carboxylate linker (3,6,9-trioxaundecanedioic acid) and 4,4′-bipyridine. • 1 demonstrated dual sensing capabilities, employing both vapochromic and photoluminescence methods, for detecting ammonia and various amines. • 1 demonstrated the ability to selectively detect ammonia and amine vapors, with eye-detectable color changes and varying response times. • Notably, 1 exhibited a rare occurrence of both "turn-off" and "turn-on" sensing behaviors. This work presents the design, synthesis, and characterization of a new cobalt (II) based coordination architecture, {[Co(toua)(4,4′-bpy)].2H 2 O} n (1); where toua is 3,6,9-trioxaundecanaote and 4,4′-bpy is 4,4′-bipyridine tailored for efficient sensing of ammonia and amines. The formation and identity of 1 was confirmed by elemental analysis, spectroscopic study (FTIR and UV–visible spectroscopy), PXRD, XPS, FESEM, and BET analysis. The colorimetric sensing capability of 1 towards ammonia and various smaller-sized amines in the vapor phase through observable color changes is explored in this study. Their interaction with 1 is elucidated through FTIR, UV–Visible and Fluorescence spectroscopy, FESEM, and TCSPC analysis. The fluorescence sensing experiments demonstrate a remarkable quenching/enhancement effect with the addition of ammonia and various amines, showcasing the compound's sensitivity and selectivity. The quenching/enhancement efficiency follows the order: NH 3 >Ethylenediamine (EDA)>1,3-diaminopropane (DAP)>n-propylethylenediamine (n-PEDA), following the molecular dimensions and steric hindrance surrounding nitrogen atoms. Hydrogen bonds and host-guest interactions, including (C–H)pyridinium⋅⋅⋅N interactions, are identified as the driving forces for the sensing process. Additionally, the paper reveals a rare occurrence of both "turn-off" and "turn-on" sensing behavior for the same compound, showcasing its versatility. The calculated RSD for the fluorometric sensor was found to be 1.03 % calculated from its triplicate readings at 240 nm. Limits of detection (LODs) and Limit of Quantification (LOQs) for NH 3 (0.52 μM, and 1.74 μM) EDA (1.2 μM, and 4.2 μM), DAP (3.1 μM, and 10.5 μM), and n-PEDA (3.3 μM, and 11.2 μM) respectively) underscore the effective sensing capabilities of 1. The robustness of 1 upon exposure to amines was confirmed by PXRD. These findings justify that 1 is a promising vaporchromic probe for the fast and selective detection of ammonia and amines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • A cucurbit[8]uril-based porous supramolecular assembly was fabricated. • This assembly form dense pores with different sizes and shapes in different directions, and the pores are occupied by [Fe(Cl) 6 ]3- and [Fe(Cl) 4 ]- anions. • This supramolecular assembly provides a novel approach to construct porous adsorption materials, and can provide direction of functional materials field. In this paper, the supramolecular assembly of guest 4-Picolinic acid and host cucurbit[8]uril (Q[8]) with structural inducer [Fe(Cl) 6 ]3- anions was investigated by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The results revealed that a 1:2 complex was formed by Q[8] and 4-picolinic acid, and Q[8] molecules were interconnected to form a molecular chain through their outer surface interaction. [Fe(Cl) 6 ]3- anions interacted with Q[8] through hydrogen bonds with coordinated water molecules and C-H... Cl interactions. These interactions resulted in the formation of supramolecular assemblies with different pore sizes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • A dose of 7.5 × 10−4 M demonstrated a high effectiveness level, surpassing 97 %. • Adsorption studies indicated that PAEOD chemically adheres according to the Langmuir isotherm. • SEM analysis confirmed the formation of a protective PAEOD layer on the steel. • DFT and MC/MD studies revealed that the PAEOD compound binds to the steel substrate. • Anti-SRB and docking simulations showed that PAEOD impacts the growth of SRB. This paper examines the innovative application of PAEOD as a corrosion suppressant for steel in an acidic environment with a concentration of 1.0 M HCl. The inhibitory potential of PAEOD has been comprehensively evaluated through the utilization of diverse analytical approaches, including electrochemical tests, gravimetric analysis, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) assessments. The results suggest that there is a correlation between concentration and the enhancement of corrosion resistance, hence categorizing PAEOD as a mixed-type inhibitor. The maximum inhibitory efficiency was observed at a concentration of 7.50 × 10-4 M, resulting in a remarkable efficiency of 98.84 % at a temperature of 298 K. The electrochemical investigation demonstrated a significant rise in the values of charge transfer resistance (R ct) and polarization resistance (R p), accompanied by a reduction in the Constant Phase Element (CPE. Yo) value to 74.01 μF. These findings suggest an improved capacity for inhibiting corrosion. Theoretical studies have revealed a significant interaction between PAEOD and the steel surface, as evidenced by the utilization of density functional theory (DFT) and Monte Carlo/ Molecular dynamic (MC/MD) techniques. This interaction indicates the presence of exceptional anti-corrosion properties at the micro-level. The impact of PAEOD on the growth of sulphate reducing bacteria (SRB) was found to be substantial, as indicated by the findings derived from BART™ Vials. In summary, this work establishes PAEOD as a potentially effective corrosion inhibitor, offering significant contributions to the field of corrosion prevention strategies through its important insights. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • HC/BiOCl binary composite photocatalyst was prepared by a simple solvothermal method. • Waste crops are used as raw materials, the power of simulated lamp is as low as 70 W. • HC/BiOCl has strong photocatalytic performance and good cycle stability. • HC/BiOCl has strong visible light absorption ability. • It has low electron hole recombination and high photogenerated carrier separation. The wide band gap of BiOCl limits its application in the visible region. In this study, biochar (HC) and BiOCl were combined to synthesize HC/BiOCl composites with good visible light catalytic activity by a simple and efficient solvothermal method. The morphology and composition of the samples were characterised by SEM, TEM, XRD, XPS and UV–Vis spectra. The degradation ability of Rhodamine B (RhB) by HC/BiOCl with different biochar doping levels was investigated under 70 W metal halide lamp irradiation. The results show that HC/BiOCl has strong photocatalytic degradation ability and good cyclic stability for RhB. After 70 W metal halide lamp irradiation for 40 min, the degradation efficiency of RhB reached 98.07 %, and its kinetic rate constant is about 3.04 times that of BiOCl monomer. It is found that HC/BiOCl has low electron hole recombination, high photogenerated carrier separation rate and strong visible light absorption capacity, which are the main reasons for its good photocatalytic activity. The mechanism studies found that holes (h+) and superoxide radicals (·O 2 −) are the main active species during the photocatalytic reaction process. In this paper, peanut shells were used as the raw material of biochar, which is conducive to the recycling of agricultural waste and the reduction of secondary environmental pollution. At the same time, the prepared HC/BiOCl can efficiently degrade organic pollutants at low energy consumption (70 W metal halide lamp). Therefore, this paper provides a feasible and environmentally friendly solution for the degradation of organic pollutants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • The dual functional fluorescent probe BPTD is sensitive for Ni2+ and ClO−. • The probe BPTD has the characteristics of good water solubility, low detection limit and rapid detection. • The probe BPTD has been successfully used to make convenient and low-cost Ni2+ and ClO− fluorescence test paper. In order to specifically detect Ni2+ and ClO−, a double functional s -triazine-phenothiazine fluorescent probe (BPTD) was synthesized, in which the multiple nitrogen atoms in s -triazine and hydrazone connecting arm were used for recognizing Ni2+, sulfur atom in phenothiazine was used as the reaction site for recognizing ClO−. BPTD has excellent optical properties: a large Stokes shift (131 nm) and good stability in a wide pH range (3.00 ∼ 12.00). Compared to the two fluorophores (s -triazine and phenothiazine), fluorescence emission peak of BPTD produces a large red-shift. The spectral experimental results show that BPTD can detect Ni2+ (5 ∼ 80 μM) and ClO− (10 ∼ 40 μM) with high selectivity and strong anti-interference. Compared with the reported fluorescent probes for detection of Ni2+, BPTD can detect Ni2+ more sensitively (response time 2.5 min, red shift 26 nm, the limit of detection (LOD) 98 nM), and simultaneously achieve the goal of highly sensitive detection of ClO− (response time 20 s, blue shift 18 nm, LOD 96 nM). BPTD can be applied to qualitative and quantitative detection of Ni2+ and ClO− in actual water samples, and made into portable test paper for rapid detection of Ni2+ and ClO−. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Stimuli and non-responsive polymeric Irinotecan-loaded nanomaterials applied in cancer therapy. • Liposomal Irinotecan-loaded nanomaterials implemented in cancer therapies as stimuli and non-responsive agents. • Also, carbon and inorganic-based Irinotecan-loaded nanomaterials employed in advanced cancer therapy. • Co-delivery efficacy of Irinotecan with other drugs to treat cancers. The convergence of nanotechnology and medicine has filled a large gap in therapeutic strategies, improving cancer treatment drastically. In this review paper, current advancements in the utilization of nanocarriers will be reviewed, along with how they may significantly increase CPT-11′s therapeutic potential and pave the way for future cancer treatments that are both safer and more effective. In addition, a thorough discussion of the use of smart drug delivery, its uses, challenges and future opportunities via the incorporation of advanced nanotechnology is addressed in this paper. Firstly, based on the scrutiny of the literature, functionalized nanomaterials (NPs) are remarkably more effective than traditional CPT-11 delivery and other NPs because they exhibited the highest drug entrapment efficiency, improved drug bioavailability, and mitigated toxic effects. Secondly, lipid-polymer-based mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MP-MSNs) can enhance the solubility and stability of the drug, improving its biocompatibility and therapeutic efficacy. Thirdly, QDs can improve the drug's stability, improve its solubilization, and improve its therapeutic effectiveness. Finally, the synthesis of NP-loaded micelles, as well as the encapsulation of the chemotherapeutic agent, is a promising approach to improve cancer treatment's effectiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Exploration the emerging field of eco-friendly and sustainable methods for synthesizing carbon-based quantum dots (CQDs) • Attractive of CQDs for various applications based on their remarkable properties of CQDs exhibit remarkable biocompatibility, low toxicity, and tunable emission properties. • Investigation the remarkable antibacterial activity of CQDs against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. • Suggesting innovative approaches to combat infections and enhance public health. This review paper explores the burgeoning field of green synthesis of carbon-based quantum dots (CQDs) and their profound implications in addressing antibacterial resistance. Quantum dots (QDs), including CQDs, are nano-sized fluorescent particles with diverse applications in areas like medical technology, sensing, and imaging. CQDs, which are carbon-based and exhibit remarkable biocompatibility, low toxicity, and tunable emission properties, have recently garnered substantial attention. This paper delves into the "green synthesis" of CQDs, emphasizing eco-friendly, sustainable methods using plant extracts and microbial agents. The exploration of CQDs' antibacterial properties is a central focus, revealing their remarkable antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. These findings suggest a wide spectrum of antibacterial potential, offering innovative approaches to combating infections and enhancing public health. Mechanisms underlying CQDs' antibacterial efficacy, including the generation of reactive oxygen species, direct interaction with bacterial membranes, and disruption of biofilms, are discussed. To optimize their application, further research is required. Moreover, the review comprehensively categorizes quantum dots into semiconductor, metallic, and carbon-based types, and elucidates the properties and structure of CQDs. The classification of CQDs into distinct groups based on structural features is examined, shedding light on this multifaceted class of nanomaterials. The synthesis and characterization of CQDs are also detailed, highlighting the importance of precision in tailoring their properties for various applications. This review paper provides a comprehensive understanding of CQDs and their potential for combatting antibacterial resistance, offering valuable insights into this cutting-edge field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • CaFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles show superparamagnetic behavior at 300 K. • CaFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles could be useful for biomedical applications. • Magnetic and electronic properties of CaFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles contribute to breakthroughs in electronics and spintronic applications. • CaFe 2 O 4 electrodes improve efficiency useful in batteries and supercapacitors for renewable energy applications. • CaFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles show cutting-edge advancements for catalytic applications. Over the last decade, nanotechnology has emerged as a game-changing field, with transition metal nanoparticles, notably those consisting of CaFe 2 O 4 , standing out as a key component. These nanoparticles have gotten a lot of interest because of their great potential in a variety of biological applications. Scientists all around the world are working hard to create new calcium-based nanoparticles in a variety of forms and sizes to improve their functioning. While there is a substantial corpus of research on CaFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles, there is a significant void in comprehensive reviews that properly elucidate their current advances and future applications in biological sciences. This review study attempts to give in-depth insights into the most recent advances in CaFe 2 O 4 nanoparticle research, with a particular emphasis on electrochemical, environmental, and biological nanotechnology. The research digs into the finer points of the most recent breakthroughs in the synthesis of CaFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles, with a focus on enhancing their imaging capability. Their applications in electrochemical processes, photocatalysis, sensing technologies, and mechanical functionalities receive special attention. The paper highlights the superparamagnetic response of CaFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles to room-temperature oscillating magnetic fields, which opens up new possibilities for investigation. The study not only elucidates the potential benefits of using these nanoparticles but also addresses the limitations connected with their larger application. The magnetic properties of CaFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles are given special attention, particularly in the context of data storage and magnetic sensors. The paper finishes with a complete summary of current developments in several disciplines utilizing CaFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles, highlighting specific applications and exploring their distinctive features. The review emphasizes the importance of future research into ways to improve the magnetic characteristics of CaFe 2 O 4 materials, particularly in the realms of data storage and magnetic sensor technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]