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Non-enzymatic electrochemical blood glucose sensors often suffer from issues such as requiring an alkaline environment, limited monitoring range, and poor anti-interference properties. Carbon substrates have been demonstrated to improve the performance of non-enzymatic sensors, but complex and energy-consuming manufacturing processes restrict their use. Herein, a simple and green approach for the preparation of 3D porous Au/Au-Pt networks (PAAPNs) is proposed using tissue paper for recycling as the nanomaterial substrate to deposit Au-Pt bimetallic nanoparticles. The unique structure of the PAAPNs sensor allows for low-potential operation (-1.0 V) with a wide monitoring range (-0.25 to 36 mM) in a neutral environment. Moreover, the sensor exhibited excellent selectivity (<10% response of interference) even without the use of an anti-interference outer membrane. Further investigation using density functional theory (DFT) simulation revealed the synergistic effect between Au and Pt in promoting glucose oxidation. Overall, this work provides a simple and low-carbon footprint method for creating carbon substrates from tissue paper for recycling, offering new opportunities for fabricating novel value-added nanomaterials for medical sensing applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The accumulation of plastic packaging wastes in the natural environment highlights the significance of sustainable alternatives. Paper is widely used as a biodegradable packaging material, but poor mechanical strength, barrier properties, and water resistance limit its utility. Typical paper coating materials applied to overcome such drawbacks, such as polyethylene (PE) and ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH), are not desirable for sustainability due to environmental persistence. Here, we report a biodegradable, biocompatible, robust, and high-barrier paper coating strategy using boric acid-crosslinked poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA). Various crosslinked-PVA solutions were prepared using boric acid (BA) and hydrochloric acid (HCl) as a crosslinker and an acid catalyst, respectively. The solutions were coated onto the Kraft paper (KP) through facile bar coating with epichlorohydrin (ECH) as a binder (henceforth referred to as coated papers). The coated papers (KP-P, KP-PB, KP-PBH) show remarkably improved oxygen (∼0.89 cc m−2 d−1) and water vapor (∼5.17 g m−2 d−1) barrier properties as well as tensile strength (∼53.0 MPa) that is retained in moist conditions. The coated papers were significantly mineralized into CO2 (59.2–81.6% over 111 d) in the simulated marine environment biodegradation test. Depolymerization of polymer chains and surface degradation of coated papers are evidenced via FT-IR and SEM, respectively. The microcosm test revealed that the intensive disintegration of the coated papers is synergistically driven by both biotic and abiotic factors (i.e., mechanical stress). Moreover, the in vitro biocompatibility tests employing human embryonic kidney and mouse embryonic fibroblast cells, and in vivo biocompatibility test with mice suggest that the coated papers are highly biocompatible. This work provides a promising strategy for paper packaging that enhances packaging performance without compromising environmental sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Petroleum-based plastics are useful, but they pose a huge threat to the environment and human health. The development of sustainable cellulose paper materials with excellent mechanical and water-resistance properties to replace plastics is highly desirable but also challenging. Herein, we report a new kind of rosin-based modifier synthesized from fully hydrogenated rosin and (3-glycidoxypropyl)triethoxysilane, which can covalently bind with cellulose fiber networks to improve the hydrophobicity and weaken the capillarity of cellulose paper. The rosin-grafted cellulose composite paper shows a unique combination of water resistance (water absorption of 19.2% and 37.9% in 25 and 90 °C water, respectively) and high strength (tensile strength of 47.9 MPa and Young's modulus of 2.32 GPa). Moreover, the rosin-grafted cellulose composite paper can be completely degraded when buried in soil for up to 100 days, and it can be recycled when treated with an alkali. These impressive performances make rosin-grafted cellulose composite paper a promising eco-friendly alternative material to replace plastics in straws, boxes, cups, bags and so on. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Waterproof coating is necessary for paper-based packaging materials, especially as a plastic substitute in single-use applications. Currently, most paper-based packaging employs hazardous fluorocarbon coatings or other petroleum-based additives, which has caused a lot of concerns over safety. Herein, a novel edible waterproof coating was fabricated by a beeswax-in-water Pickering emulsion using hemicellulose-grafted-lauric acid (H-LA) micelles as nano-stabilizers. The fully biomass-based waterproof coating agent presented a uniform and stable water dispersion with a droplet size of around 1 μm. And compared with conventional surfactants, H-LA micelles stabilized at the oil–water interfaces and formed Pickering emulsions with enhanced stability. The Pickering emulsion was then applied as a coating of paper. The coated paper exhibited excellent water-resistance with a water contact angle of 130 ± 2.89° and an effective waterproof time of up to 6 h. The coated paper also showed good moisture barrier properties; the water vapor transmission rate was lower than 5.05 g mm m−2 day−1. Moreover, the waterproof coating was non-toxic, environmentally friendly and biocompatible, and could completely biodegrade in soil within 2 months. This work may provide an alternative solution for safe, cost-effective and sustainable paper-based packaging materials to replace traditional disposable plastics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polymers and surfactants are used in many technological and industrial applications such as the manufacture of functional materials and coatings, personal care and pharmaceutical products, food science, paints, anti-icing fluids, tertiary oil recovery and the paper industry. Polymer–surfactant mixtures are particularly important in shampoos and conditioners. However, as in almost every other industry over the past five or more decades, the performance of hair care formulations has been significantly improved by the use of petrochemical-derived ingredients. As a result, cosmetic formulations, and hair care formulations in particular, have been based primarily on polymers and surfactants that are neither renewable, nor derived from environmentally friendly processes, nor have a positive environmental impact. This contrasts with the extensive use of natural and renewable products, mainly plant extracts, in cosmetics in ancient times. Therefore, the substitution of currently used ingredients with others of natural origin has been a top priority for the cosmetic industry over the last two decades, and in order to achieve greater consumer acceptance, it is crucial to maintain and, where possible, improve the technical performance of such products. This paper describes the complexities and challenges of developing greener shampoo and conditioner ingredients and formulations to meet current and future needs, and outlines a methodological approach based on model hair surfaces and a selection of appropriate experimental and numerical techniques to achieve our goals. Some encouraging technical routes using biosurfactants, biopolymers and bio-based polymers are presented, along with the significant opportunity to obtain a wide range of green ingredients through molecular design and well-controlled biotechnological processes. Similar concerns apply to other cosmetic products such as waxes, fragrances, bleaching agents, etc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The document is a contents list for the journal "Green Chemistry," published by the Royal Society of Chemistry. It highlights various articles and research papers related to sustainable chemistry and green technologies. Topics covered include chemical recycling of polyester textile wastes, carbon-based catalytic materials, solvent effects on carbohydrate transformation, and the future nickel metal supply for lithium-ion batteries. The journal aims to connect the global chemistry community and promote research in all areas of chemistry. This document is a list of papers published in the journal Green Chemistry. The papers cover a range of topics related to sustainable and environmentally friendly chemistry. Some of the topics include the synthesis of diisocyanates, development of organic solvent nanofiltration membranes, preparation of fluorescent nanomaterials, and liquid mining of lithium. The papers provide valuable research for library patrons interested in these specific areas of study. [Extracted from the article]

This review article provides a thorough overview of barrier coating materials that have been used in food packaging with a focus on biodegradable (bio-based or petroleum-based) materials, such as lipids, proteins, polysaccharides, agriculture waste and polyesters. The goal is to provide an opportunity to acknowledge progress made in this field, focusing on modifications made to coatings. These modifications aim to address the shortcomings of biodegradable substrates (either plastic or paper) and improve their performance, enabling them to compete with traditional petroleum-based food packaging materials. This includes their barrier against water vapor and oxygen, mechanical and surface characteristics (sealability and adhesion), as well as antimicrobial properties. The barrier of most biodegradable polymers underperforms in comparison with petroleum-based non-biodegradable polymers, which possess either high water vapor barrier or high oxygen barrier. Coating technology is a promising solution particularly in barrier improvement of biodegradable polymers. Currently, there are only metallized, or inorganic nanosheet coatings available for biodegradable films that meet food packaging requirements. There are some challenges in this field, for example, being able to retain the coating's biodegradability despite applied modifications to improve it's performance, the large-scale fabrication of biodegradable coatings, the coating's delamination and heat-sealability during service time, and the migration of the coating into the packaged food. Moreover, green chemistry and its sustainability needs in biodegradable polymeric coatings are also discussed regarding new ideas and possible directions for widespread application of coatings in food packaging. This is the first review that specifically summarizes biodegradable coatings on plastic and paper substrates with a focus on coating modifications to improve the performance of the base substrate to meet the required properties for food packaging applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A single-step protocol was developed for the hydrolytic hydrogenation of microcrystalline cellulose into sorbitol over commercial carbon-supported Ru, in the presence of gaseous CO2 as an acid source and molecular hydrogen as a reductant. Under these conditions, cellulose was first hydrolysed to glucose by reversibly formed carbonic acid in water and then instantaneously hydrogenated on Ru/C. By tuning the reaction parameters, such as temperature, time and the relative pressure of CO2 and hydrogen gas, cellulose was fully converted at 220 °C in 18 h under 30 and 40 bar of H2 and CO2, respectively, with a sorbitol yield of 81%. Blank experiments revealed that without a catalyst and hydrogen, the reaction exhibited <5% conversion and glucose was the only detected product when the reaction was performed under CO2 pressure. XRD measurements on CO2-treated cellulose surprisingly revealed no noticeable changes in the crystallinity index (<10% with respect to microcrystalline cellulose), suggesting that hydrolytic hydrogenation took place on crystalline, not amorphous, cellulose. Furthermore, not only several cellulosic feedstocks, including filter paper, cotton wool, and cotton fiber, but also typical cellulose-based wastes such as a cardboard pizza box were also tested and under the optimized conditions sorbitol was obtained with yields ranging from 56% up to 72% in all cases. No less significant was the Ru/C catalyst stability, which could be recycled at least six times without any noticeable activity loss. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Exploring Earth-abundant and efficient electrocatalysts to replace Ir and Ru for the acidic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is essential to reduce the cost of clean hydrogen production. Here, we show that trace amounts of electronegative non-metallic element fluorine (F)-doped Co3O4 nanoneedles improve the activity and stability of Co3O4. The F-doped Co3O4 nanoneedles supported on carbon paper (F-Co3O4/CP) exhibit an overpotential of 350 mV at 10 mA cm-2 for the acidic OER. In addition, their performance remains consistent after continuous operation for 80 h. Detailed investigations reveal that introducing an anion promotes the enrichment of OH on the surface of Co3O4 and prevents acid corrosion, thereby enhancing the intrinsic OER activity and stability. Theoretical calculations further indicate that F doping can effectively improve electron transfer and optimize the energy barrier for the formation of *OOH intermediates, which significantly improves OER performance. This study provides guidance for designing efficient and stable non-noble metal acidic water oxidation catalysts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Torrefaction is an effective method to improve the quality of biomass feedstocks for a subsequent thermal conversion process. Torrefaction has been widely developed for biomass upgrading in terms of increasing bulk and energy densities, reducing water and oxygen contents, and improving hydrophobic properties, which are favorable for transportation and storage. Moreover, the torrefied biomass can be easily ground to even particle sizes, which favor the downstream thermochemical conversion process such as gasification. This paper reports on the progress in the dry and wet torrefaction of biomass sources. Key findings and challenges of torrefied biomass gasification are highlighted as well. In general, the properties of biomass feedstocks can be improved by the torrefaction process. Torrefaction for biomass gasification can improve the quality of syngas. In particular, gasification of torrefied biomass involves a merit of volatile matter (tar precursor) removal prior to the gasification process. The properties of torrefied biomass are significantly affected by the torrefaction conditions mainly including atmosphere, temperature, and pressure. The presence of an appropriate amount of oxygen gas leads to a superior performance for biomass torrefaction. The oxygen-containing gas and the waste heat from industrial flue gas can be utilized to reduce the operating cost, thus making the biomass torrefaction pretreatment more commercially feasible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The primary greenhouse gas is carbon dioxide (CO2), which also serves as an excellent C1 building block for the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds. The preparation and transformation of these structures have long been a focus in organic chemistry, making the utilization of CO2 highly advantageous. This paper reviews progress in the photochemical/electrochemical construction of heterocyclic compounds using CO2, differentiating between various reaction types and elucidating their underlying mechanisms as well as potential applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High entropy materials (HEM) have been attracting much attention as emerging catalysts for electrochemical water splitting. HEM catalysts have unique properties such as an interesting cocktail effect, broad design space, customizable electronic structure, and excellent entropy stabilization effect compared with single-digit catalysts. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the use of HEM as a catalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), oxygen evolution reaction (OER), and water splitting. HEM design strategies including phase structure modulation, defect engineering, electrode configuration engineering, and computational aids are discussed to develop HEM catalysts with high performance and stability. In particular, the importance of density functional theory, high-throughput screening techniques, and machine learning for the discovery and design of HEM catalysts is emphasized. Finally, the challenges and imminent difficulties are prospected, and the corresponding strategies to deal with these challenges are put forward to promote the development of HEM catalysts in the field of electrochemical water splitting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The document is a contents list for the journal "Green Chemistry," published by The Royal Society of Chemistry. It highlights the articles and papers featured in the current issue, covering a range of topics related to sustainable chemistry and green technologies. The articles include research on bio-based polymers, nitrogen fixation strategies, carbon aerogels for energy storage, and the use of ionic liquids in new energy and biotechnologies. The journal aims to provide cutting-edge research for a greener and more sustainable future. [Extracted from the article]

Tannery solid waste (TSW) contains 70–90% collagen by weight. The rapid extraction of collagen while preserving its original and unique triple-helical conformation has proved challenging. In this paper, an ionic liquid-synergistic dissolution and regeneration (IL-SDR) method was developed based on a TBAH/DMSO/H2O ternary (TDH) solvent for the rapid recovery of collagen from TSW under mild conditions. A solubility of 10.25% TSW and a collagen recovery yield of 51.2% were achieved in 30 minutes at room temperature. The original triplet helical conformation and the molecular weight of the collagen product were retained, confirmed via FT-IR, circular dichroism, and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight analysis. SEM was used to verify that dense and uniform pores could be formed within collagen by adjusting the DMSO content, and cytotoxicity and moisture retention tests demonstrated that the collagen produced via the IL-SDR process is comparable to natural collagen used in cosmetic and skincare applications. Moreover, the TDH solvent demonstrated excellent reproducibility across five cycles, achieving consistent solubility varying from 9.71% to 11.04%. EPR and 1H NMR showed that the OH– in TBAH induced the generation of DMSO˙ free radicals in the TDH solvent, and these radicals were indispensable for the dissolution of TSW. The DMSO content was positively correlated with the concentration of free radicals. A synergistic dissolution mechanism was proposed: DMSO˙ free radicals preferentially cleaved the terminal peptide chains, causing the collagen molecules to be exposed to DMSO. Subsequently, DMSO disrupted the original hydrogen bond network within the collagen molecules. Then, TBAH and DMSO formed hydrogen bonds with the collagen molecules, stabilizing the dissolved collagen and preventing the reformation of the hydrogen bond network between collagen molecules. This work provides an avenue for low-temperature and rapid dissolution of TSW, and reveals an in-depth, atypical dissolution mechanism for collagen-based materials during the IL-SDR process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Carbon aerogels, usually prepared from organic aerogel precursors, have many merits such as being light weight, high porosity, large surface area, excellent conductivity, and high temperature resistance for broad applications in the fields of adsorption, catalysis, and energy storage. Particularly, the application of carbon aerogels in advanced energy storage devices has gained increasing attention in recent years. This paper discusses the preparation and application of carbon aerogels derived from organic precursors. The development of resin- and biomass-derived carbon aerogels for application in supercapacitors and rechargeable batteries (e.g., Li-ion batteries – LIBs) is highlighted. Furthermore, the development and challenges of the carbon aerogel industry are discussed. This work offers a strategic guide to build a close connection between carbon aerogels and the energy storage economy. In general, the electrochemical performances mostly rely on the surface structures and chemical characteristics of carbon aerogels. Carbon aerogels possessing a 3D hierarchical porous network structure with appropriate microporosity and mesoporosity, heteroatom (e.g., N, S) doping, and active metal nanoparticle (e.g., MnO2, Co3O4) loading are key indexes to determine the capacitance, rate capability, and cycling stability of the assembled supercapacitors. Resin-derived carbon aerogels have the advantages of large specific surface area and highly tunable pores for application in supercapacitors, but the poor mechanical properties hinder their application in flexible supercapacitors. In addition, carbon aerogels for application in rechargeable batteries are mostly used as the supports for electroactive substances in LIBs and the separators of Li–S and Na–S batteries. Carbon aerogels derived from biomass precursors, in comparison with conventional resin precursors, are promising alternatives owing to the benefits of low cost (abundant in nature), sustainability, eco-friendliness, large specific surface areas, tunable pore structures, and strong mechanical properties. The challenges of promoting biomass-derived carbon aerogels for practical use include simplifying the procedure and further reducing the time and cost required for the preparation of carbon aerogels from diverse biomass precursors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The document is a contents list for the journal "Green Chemistry," published by The Royal Society of Chemistry. It highlights the articles and research papers included in the issue, covering topics such as sustainable water treatment, lignocellulose pretreatment, and biomass valorization. The journal aims to promote cutting-edge research for a greener and more sustainable future. [Extracted from the article]

The document is a contents list for the journal "Green Chemistry," published by the Royal Society of Chemistry. It features cutting-edge research on sustainable chemistry and a greener future. The contents list includes articles on topics such as electrosynthesis, sustainable chemical synthesis, corrosion science, lignin modification, and more. The journal aims to connect the world with the chemical sciences and invest profits back into the chemistry community. This document is a list of papers published in the journal Green Chemistry. The papers cover a range of topics related to sustainable and environmentally friendly chemistry. Some of the topics include the efficient fractionation of hemicellulose from hardwood pulp, the synthesis of fructose-based surfactants, and the electrochemical synthesis of formaldehyde. The papers provide valuable research for library patrons interested in these specific areas of study. [Extracted from the article]

This document is a contents list for the journal "Green Chemistry," published by the Royal Society of Chemistry. It features research papers on various topics related to sustainable chemistry, including photocatalytic upgrading of hydroxymethylfurfural, lignin extraction and nanodispersion, selenium-doped carbon materials, and the valorization of bio-renewable glycerol. The journal also includes tutorial reviews on topics such as Pickering emulsion-derived nano/microreactors and the iron ligand-to-metal charge transfer chemistry in water. Additionally, there are perspective papers, communications, and other research papers covering a range of subjects in green chemistry. The papers provide valuable insights into the development of greener and more sustainable chemical processes. [Extracted from the article]

The document is a contents list for the journal "Green Chemistry," which features cutting-edge research on sustainable practices. The journal covers a wide range of topics, including photoelectrocatalytic systems, cathode materials for batteries, green synthesis approaches, biotransformation of lignin, and valorization of food waste. It also includes tutorial reviews on hydrotropic solvent systems and thermo-/photo-catalysts, as well as communications and papers on various topics related to green chemistry. The journal aims to promote an open, green, and inclusive future. The document is a compilation of research papers that explore different aspects of green chemistry, providing valuable insights into sustainable and environmentally friendly practices. [Extracted from the article]

The electrocatalytic hydrogenation of aromatic rings in benzoic acid derivatives has arisen as a notionally engaging substitute for thermal catalysis under mild conditions. However, the utilization of organic solvents and low faradaic efficiency are incompatible with the principles of green chemistry and energy conservation. Herein, bimetallic PtRu supported on carbon paper developed by co-electrodeposition with optimized atomic ratios maintains an inspiring high conversion of 92.9%, high selectivity of 100% and a high faradaic efficiency of 62.2% for the hydrogenation of benzoic acid to cyclohexanecarboxylic acid in an acidic aqueous electrolyte without external H2, which is the best result to date. The optimized electrocatalyst also exhibits outstanding stability and universality for the electrocatalytic hydrogenation of benzoic acid derivatives. In situ Raman results and theoretical calculations prove that the synergistic effect generated by Ru modifying the electronic structure of Pt simultaneously enhances the capture of benzoic acid molecules and interfacial active hydrogen species and lowers the reaction energy barrier. After adsorbing benzoic acid, more accumulation of electrons around the Ru atom reduces the electron density of phenyl, thereby activating the reaction. Meanwhile, the uniform alloy nanoclusters anchored to the carbon paper surface ensure highly efficient electronic transmission and high dispersion of active components, reducing excessive agglomeration. A proton-exchange membrane reactor is also used to certify the potential of the electrocatalytic hydrogenation of benzoic acid derivatives for large-scale application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wood bark is a structurally complex by-product of the pulp and paper industry, which focuses primarily on the valorization of structurally more regular wood xylem components. The aim of this study was the elucidation of the less valorised willow wood counterparts (whole bark, inner bark, sclerenchyma bundles, and parenchymatous tissues) by NMR spectroscopic techniques. This allowed a better understanding of the structural features of macromolecular components of bark (i.e. pectin, hemicellulose, and lignin), thus providing a base for a more rational design of the customized biochemical processes prior to chemical processing of bark. This crucial knowledge contributed to the creation of a protocol/decision tool to select tailored enzymes (discarding the slightest substrate binding) for the biological pre-treatment of bark to a state suitable for chemical pulping. Such a protocol/decision-making tool would significantly improve the efficiency of enzyme selection by 60–70% due to the specific catalytic activity of the enzymes involved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the past few years, the proliferation of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) as pivotal energy storage solutions has surged dramatically. However, this widespread adoption has come with a significant downside: the accumulation of substantial quantities of discarded LIBs. From the perspective of green production and industrial development, the problem of recycling spent LIBs urgently needs to be addressed. Based on the physicochemical properties of ionic liquids (ILs) and deep eutectic solvents (DESs), as well as their potential in LIB recycling, this paper proposes the concept of the Ionic Liquid System, including ILs and DESs. The aim is to systematically outline the application of the Ionic Liquid System in the LIB recycling industry. Ionic Liquid System reagents are considered environmentally friendly green solvents due to their biodegradability. Here, we discuss laboratory research on the recovery of spent LIBs using similar system solvents based on studies reported over the past decade and categorize recent laboratory work, while evaluating the advantages and disadvantages of the application of the Ionic Liquid System. This article explicitly provides an effective reference for recycling spent LIBs through the Ionic Liquid System and prospects for future work on recycling spent lithium batteries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sustainable production of 1,4-pentanediol (1,4-PDO) from biomass is of great importance because 1,4-PDO is a monomer of degradable polyesters and plastics. This paper reviews the conversion of biomass-derived levulinic acid (LA) and furfural as well as their derivatives alkyl levulinate, γ-valerolactone (GVL) and furfuryl alcohol (FAL) into 1,4-PDO. MoOx or ReOx modified noble metal catalysts and non-noble metal catalysts with core–shell and alloy structures show a high 1,4-PDO yield and stability in LA hydrogenation under severe hydrothermal conditions. The conversion of furfural to 1,4-PDO involves the initial C＝O bond hydrogenation to form FAL, the consecutive acid-catalyzed ring-opening and the final hydrogenation. Therefore, it needs a bifunctional catalyst composed of metallic species and acid sites to improve the 1,4-PDO yield. Efforts are made here to highlight the employed catalysts, structure–performance relationship, reaction pathway and reaction mechanism in detail. The current challenges for large-scale applications of conversion of LA and furfural to 1,4-PDO have been proposed, including process development, catalyst cost, solvent and active site distribution. We believe that this review will provide new opportunities and expand the options for the production of 1,4-PDO via biorefining processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The document is a contents list for the journal "Green Chemistry," which features articles and papers on various topics related to sustainable chemistry. The journal aims to promote research for a greener and more sustainable future. The articles cover subjects such as safe and sustainable chemicals, materials preparation, electrochemistry, natural gas and hydrogen storage, and more. The given article, titled "Boosting urea synthesis in simulated flue gas electroreduction by adjusting W– Welectronic properties," discusses a study conducted by Xiaohui Yao, Changyan Zhu, Jie Zhou, Kunhao Zhang, Chunyi Sun, Man Dong, Guogang Shan, Zhuo Wu, Min Zhang, Xinlong Wang, and Zhongmin Su. The study focuses on enhancing urea synthesis in simulated flue gas electroreduction by adjusting the electronic properties of W– W. The article provides detailed information about the research methodology and findings. [Extracted from the article]

The design of efficient and cost-effective electrocatalysts with steady capability has attracted much attention in the field of water splitting in recent years. In this paper, Ni2−xCoxP/CNFs (x = 0, 0.67, 1, 1.33 and 2), where the ultrafine Ni2−xCoxP nanoparticles are encapsulated in carbon nanofibers, are synthesized using a facile electrospinning method followed by thermal treatment. The space confinement by the carbon matrix with a high length-to-diameter ratio (>1000) and excellent conductivity produces ultrafine Ni2−xCoxP with abundant active sites. Moreover, engineering of Ni2−xCoxP/CNFs can induce electronic modulation and consequently optimize the adsorption of H on the electrocatalyst surface to promote HER performance, as well as to reduce the energy barrier of the potential-limiting step. The optimal Ni2−xCoxP/CNFs exhibit superior electrocatalytic performance with low overpotentials of about 271 mV for OER and about 118.76 mV for HER at 10 mA cm−2 with excellent long-term durability in 1.0 M KOH solutions, performing as one of the best non-noble-metal electrocatalysts so far. Furthermore, the two-electrode electrolyser delivers a high efficiency and remarkable long-term durability for overall water splitting. This work provides new insights into the development of nanofiber-structured electrocatalysts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reusing spent anodes is a pivotal step for recycling lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, it proves challenging to completely eliminate Cu impurities from spent graphite (SG), which hinders the effective recycling of spent anodes. In this paper, a straightforward air oxidation method is proposed to directly upgrade spent anodes into stable CuO/C anodes by harnessing the inherent Cu impurities in spent anodes. The air oxidation process not only repairs the SG to some extent but also generates uniformly dispersed CuO nanoparticles, which chemically bind with the repaired graphite (RG) through Cu–O–C bonds. The specific discharge capacity of the CuO/RG anode can reach as high as 647 mA h g−1 even after 500 cycles (at 372 mA g−1 ). In addition, this program is found to reduce energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions by ∼80% compared to previously reported CuO/C production programs. Clearly, this approach provides a new direction for large-scale recycling of spent LIBs and low-cost production of high-performance CuO/C anodes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The document is a contents list for the journal "Green Chemistry," published by The Royal Society of Chemistry. It highlights the articles and research papers included in the issue, covering topics such as waste valorization, plasticizers, noble metal recovery, bio-upcycling, CO2 reduction, and seaweed-based polysaccharides. The journal aims to promote cutting-edge research for a greener and more sustainable future. [Extracted from the article]

This paper reports an innovative work on the green production of furfural using a covalent organic framework (COF), thereby expanding the range of catalysts in the furfural manufacturing industry and achieving efficient production of furfural from sustainable biomass-derived sugars. The research results will provide a theoretical basis for the green and sustainable production of furfural. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, poly(ionic liquid)s (PILs) have emerged as a family of polymeric materials which are being increasingly investigated for interdisciplinary applications. Their high electrical conductivity, excellent thermal/mechanical stability, low vapor pressure, and easy processibility render PILs exceptionally attractive as versatile platforms for green chemistry. Recent decades have witnessed fruitful efforts devoted to the development of PIL-based green chemistry platforms, achieving significant discoveries that will unfold their uniqueness in catalysis, separation, sensors, electrolyte, and functional materials. However, few review papers offer comprehensive discussion on PILs' application in the green chemistry field. In this review, we initially introduce the structure and types of PILs, which is followed by a systematical summary of the synthesis of PILs in terms of direct polymerization of monomer, polymerization after monomer modification, and modification of polymers. Furthermore, several aspects of the application of PILs related to green chemistry are highlighted, such as sensors, separation, catalysis, electrolytes for energy storage devices, and as versatile precursors yielding functional materials. Current challenges and corresponding research directions in PILs for green chemistry are clarified, to make PILs truly green platforms for existing technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The document is a contents list for the journal "Green Chemistry," which focuses on cutting-edge research aimed at reducing the environmental impact of the chemical industry. It covers a range of topics, including the role of fungal enzymes in pharmaceutical synthesis, carbon-based electrocatalysts for hydrogen production, and the recycling of fiber-reinforced polymer composites. The journal is published by the Royal Society of Chemistry and is available electronically. The document is a compilation of various research papers published in the journal, covering topics related to sustainable chemistry and green technologies, such as the synthesis of renewable building blocks, the destruction of organic pollutants, electrochemical reactions, and the recycling of waste materials. Each paper presents its own findings and research methods. [Extracted from the article]

Fungi are a diverse group of organisms that play an essential role in the biosphere. They have a unique ability to produce a vast array of secondary metabolites, including enzymes that have important applications in various industries. Fungal enzymes have been utilized in many fields, such as food processing, textile, paper, and pulp industries, to name a few. In recent years, there has been growing interest in the use of fungal enzymes in the synthesis of pharmaceutical compounds due to their scalability, high catalytic activity, relatively low cost, and ability to catalyze a wide range of chemical reactions under mild reaction conditions making the overall process greener and sustainable. Fungi produce a variety of enzymes such as oxidoreductases, transferases, and hydrolases which can be used in the synthesis of specific compounds with required chemo-, regio-, and stereoselectivity. This paper discusses the role of fungal enzymes in the synthesis of various drugs, active pharmaceutical ingredients (API), and drug intermediates and their applications in the pharmaceutical industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The document is a contents list for the journal "Green Chemistry," which focuses on reducing the environmental impact of the chemical industry through non-toxic technologies. The journal includes tutorial reviews on topics like biomass energy and sustainable haircare, as well as critical reviews and communications on various research topics. Published by The Royal Society of Chemistry, the journal offers a compilation of research papers covering sustainable and environmentally friendly chemistry. Topics range from organic compound synthesis to photocatalytic reactions, plastic waste upcycling, and catalyst development. These papers provide valuable insights and advancements in the field of green chemistry. [Extracted from the article]

The coatings industry is aiming to replace petrochemical-based binders in products such as paints and lacquers with bio-based alternatives. Native polysaccharide additives are already used, especially as adhesives, and here we show the use of oxidised dextran as a bio-based binder additive. Linear dextran with a molecular weight of 6 kDa was aerobically oxidised in water at the C3-position of its glucose units, catalysed by [(neocuproine)PdOAc]2(OTf)2. The resulting keto-dextran with different oxidation degrees was studied using adipic dihydrazide as a crosslinker in combination with the commercial petrochemicalbased binder Joncryl®. Coating experiments show that part of the Joncryl® can be replaced by ketodextran while maintaining the desired performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Glycidyl-based chain extenders are broadly used as processing aids to enhance the physical properties of polyesters, but glycidyl-containing compounds have severe toxicity concerns. Reported herein are glycidyl-free chain extenders produced via the grafting of 9-(oxiran-2-yl)nonyl methacrylate (EAT) and 8-(3-octyloxiran-2-yl)octyl methacrylate (EAI) on biodegradable poly(e-caprolactone) (PCL). EAI and EAT were grafted onto PCL via free radical grafting using melt extrusion to produce PCL-epoxy-grafted PCL-g-EAI and PCL-g-EAT. The obtained PCL-g-EAI and PCL-g-EAT were characterized by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, intrinsic viscosity measurements, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and size exclusion chromatography (SEC). Using reactive melt extrusion, PCL-g-EAI and PCL-g-EAT were tested as potential chain extenders for poly(lactic acid) (PLA). PCL-g-EAI showed comparable or better mechanical properties than those of the commercial chain extender Joncryl ADR. A cytotoxicity assay has been conducted on PLA samples with the new chain extender and showed the absence of cytotoxicity in all samples. The outcomes reported in this paper offer new opportunities for the development of safer chain extenders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study shows a functional deep eutectic solvent (DES) employing choline chloride (ChCl) and glyoxylic acid (GA) for lignocellulose fractionation. This DES exhibited a higher pretreatment efficiency (92.15%) than that composed of ChCl and lactic acid (10.36%). Molecular dynamic (MD) simulations indicated that the ChCl : GA DES showed a higher total binding energy (ΔE) with lignin than the ChCl : LA DES, resulting in a higher dissolution of lignin. GA prevented lignin condensation during pretreatment. The stabilized lignin containing 69.39% β-O-4 linkages can be used for phenolic monomer production with a bio-oil yield of 59.60% and lignin-based sunscreen preparation with a SPF of 58.46. The cellulose residues with a mild pretreatment severity exhibited a high enzymatic saccharification yield of 91.99%. Meanwhile, an esterification reaction occurred between cellulose and GA during pretreatment. The inhibition of enzymatic hydrolysis and microbial growth enables the use of functional cellulose to produce antibacterial paper. Furthermore, 96.80% of the DES could be easily recycled and reused for biorefinery purposes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The document is a contents list for the journal "Green Chemistry," published by The Royal Society of Chemistry. It features a range of articles on topics related to sustainable chemistry, including reviews on hydrogenation of amides, manganese oxide-based catalysts, and the design of depolymerizable polymers. The journal also includes tutorial reviews on topics such as electroreductive upgradation of biomass and green synthesis of hypercrosslinked polymers. Additionally, there are perspective articles and communications on various research topics in the field of green chemistry. The papers cover a range of topics related to environmentally friendly and sustainable chemical processes, providing insights into the development of greener and more efficient chemical processes. [Extracted from the article]

2-Aminomethylpiperidine is an important organic compound, which is the basic raw material for the synthesis of flecainide acetate. In this paper, a new method for synthesizing 2-aminomethylpiperidine by selective hydrogenolysis of bio-renewable 2,5-bis(aminomethyl)furan was developed. The catalytic performance of Pt catalysts supported on different carriers (including γ-Al2O3, ZrO2, TiO2, H-ZSM-5) and several commercial hydrogenation catalysts was studied. It was found that the Pt/γ-Al2O3 catalyst showed the best performance. The effects of the preparation method, reduction temperature and reaction parameters on the catalytic performance of the Pt/γ-Al2O3 catalyst were studied. The results show that good Pt dispersion and more acidic sites favor the reactivity and selectivity of hydrogenolysis. The large size of Pt particles facilitates BAMF hydrogenation. The yield of 2-aminomethylpiperidine reached 72.0% at 140 °C and 1 MPa H2 in aqueous solution using direct hydrogen at 350 °C to reduce 2 wt% Pt/γ-Al2O3 catalyst. In addition, the reaction pathways of selective hydrogenolysis of 2,5-bis(aminomethyl)furan to 2-aminomethylpiperidine were proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the increasing use and the consequent retirement of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), there has been an upsurge in spent LIBs, posing significant challenges to energy, resources, and the environment, which has led to the necessity to recycle spent LIBs. For the recovery of valuable components in cathode materials, traditional hydrometallurgical and pyrometallurgical methods are not conducive to the sustainable development of the environment, making it crucial to explore lithium-ion battery (LIB) recovery technologies beyond traditional methods. This paper focuses on introducing intensification technologies that are beyond the traditional methods, including external field intensification technologies (in the fields of acoustics, optics, electricity, and magnetism), novel solvent-based intensification technologies, direct recovery technologies, and potential development technologies. From the perspective of process intensification, the process flow, principle, effect, and scope of application of various recovery technologies are systematically summarized. Furthermore, the advantages of these advanced recovery methods and the current challenges faced by them are discussed to propose the potential research direction of the recovery technology of lithium-ion battery cathode materials, which is of significant importance for the sustainable development of the global new energy industry, the maintenance of ecological balance, and the circular utilization of mineral resources, such as lithium, nickel, and cobalt. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Developing green analytical approaches has become a crucial trend in green chemistry. These approaches encourage direct analysis to avoid any sample treatment that involves energy and reagent consumption or the generation of waste. In this study, a green sensitive analytical workflow was developed for the direct analysis of anionic compounds via a charge inversion strategy using matrix-assisted ionization and a miniature mass spectrometer. Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), which are a representative category of emerging pollutants, were selected as model analytes for method development. An imidazolium-based germinal dicationic ionic liquid (DIL), 1,1-bis(3-methylimidazolium-1-yl) butylene difluoride ([C4(MIM)2]F2), was chosen as a charge donor to form positively charged complexes with the PFAS for mass spectrometry (MS) analysis. Without any sample treatment, 1 μL of sample was loaded on a paper strip, followed by the addition of a mixture of 3-nitrobenzonitrile and [C4(MIM)2]F2. The adduct complexes were analyzed using a miniature mass spectrometer with tandem MS capability. The signal intensity was enhanced by up to two orders of magnitude in positive ion mode compared to negative ion mode without a DIL. The developed protocol was validated and satisfactory sensitivity was obtained, with limits of detection and quantitation ranging from 5 to 10 μg L−1. Recoveries ranging from 86.6% to 106.3% were achieved, with relative standard deviations between 3.5% and 9.3%. As indicated by three typical green analytical chemistry metric tools, this analytical procedure had a high degree of greenness. The developed protocol was applied to the analysis of real environmental and municipal water samples, demonstrating good potential for the rapid on-site analysis of anionic compounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The document is a contents list for the journal "Green Chemistry," published by the Royal Society of Chemistry. It highlights the articles and papers included in the current issue, covering a range of topics related to sustainable chemistry and green research. The articles discuss subjects such as catalytic depolymerization of plastics, lignin applications, and the design of bifunctional catalysts. The journal also offers information on training courses and events for professional development in the field of chemistry. [Extracted from the article]

The document is a contents list for the journal "Green Chemistry," published by The Royal Society of Chemistry. It highlights various articles and papers featured in the journal's latest issue, covering topics such as sustainable chemistry, electrocatalysis, and environmentally friendly synthesis methods. The journal aims to promote research for a greener and more sustainable future. [Extracted from the article]

The predominant adhesives currently utilized in the wood sector are sourced from petroleum. However, it is crucial to acknowledge that fossil resources possess a limited supply, and their extraction procedures can lead to adverse effects on the ecosystem. Renewable biomass resources have important application prospects in wood adhesives. This paper reviews the recent research progress on utilizing biomass to replace or modify conventional petroleum-based adhesives, focusing on the application of tannin, lignin, protein, starch, and cellulose in urea–formaldehyde (UF), melamine, phenol–formaldehyde (PF), epoxy (EP), and polyurethane (PU) resin adhesives. The symbiosis of renewable biomass with conventional petroleum-based adhesives portends substantial advancements for the wood adhesive industry. This review evaluates the substitution capacity and modification effect of biomass, discusses its application prospects in the wood-based panel industry, and predicts the future direction of biomass in wood adhesives, providing new inspirations for the development of novel green adhesives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In view of the growing demand for synthetic molecules or materials by researchers from both the core sciences and interdisciplinary sectors, the field of organic synthesis needs to be strategically more powerful to produce more molecules in a shorter time. Ensuring a reduction in the use of solvents, catalysts, reagents, time, effort, and waste is essential during green chemical syntheses. Keeping those criteria in mind, the integration of chemical reactions is very much needed. Integrated organic synthesis can be considered the ideal replacement for stepwise synthesis to fulfill demand while maintaining green parameters. The electrochemical cascade process satisfies the essential criteria of greener integrated synthesis to a great extent, providing a modern strategic tool in the arsenal of synthetic chemists. The strategy is applied extensively by researchers, as evidenced by the growing number of publications, amounting to more than a hundred papers on the development of synthesis methods using electrochemical cascade reactions. A thorough understanding of the process is needed to implement the strategy further in targeted synthesis and methodology development for cutting-edge research. To grow the concept among researchers, a concise account of published articles on the topic, depicting the mechanisms, prospects, and problems of the developed methods, is highly desirable. Quenching the thirst herein, we present a concise review of electrochemical cascade processes reported in the literature since 2015. The precedent reactions developed earlier are also discussed in this context. Electrochemical multicomponent reactions involving the cascade process are also covered, expanding the scope of the review. The sections are classified based on the types of functionalization. The mechanistic details of each category of reactions are thoroughly covered to present a clear idea of the redox behavior of different reagents under electrochemical conditions. The prospects and problems associated with the methods are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the production of electric vehicles and lithium-ion batteries continues to rise, concerns over resource scarcity and supply shortages of critical metals, including Cu, Ni, Co, Mn, and Li, have become increasingly urgent. To address these concerns and promote environmental protection, there is a growing demand for the recycling of hazardous waste containing these critical metals as secondary resources. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel synergistic solvent extraction system of D2EHPA-NNPA, which fills a gap in the lack of a suitable extraction system for the hydrometallurgical industry of secondary resources containing Cu, Ni, Co, Mn, and Li. With the specific extraction sequence of D2EHPA-NNPA, a novel process has been designed and proposed for the stepwise extraction of Cu, Ni, Co, Mn, and Li from secondary resources, which significantly simplifies process flows while avoiding cross-contamination of the extractants and the production of industrial wastewater. Furthermore, the proposed "extraction-scrubbing-stripping" process has been investigated from both macroscopic and microscopic perspectives, demonstrating that the novel synergistic solvent extraction system of D2EHPA-NNPA is a viable option for industrial applications to promote a circular economy and achieve sustainability objectives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Phenolic resin adhesives are usually synthesized using phenol and formaldehyde. Both of them are fossil-based and the resins are not biodegradable. Replacing them with whole biomass-based lignin and furfural is attractive. However, it is still difficult to wholly replace them, especially lignin due to its low reactivity. In this paper, a preparation method for a composite adhesive was presented. A lignin-based composite adhesive was prepared by using a deep eutectic solvent (DES), lignin, and furfural. The lignin-based composite adhesive is a machinable adhesive for wood, and the adhesive strength for the paulownia plate reached 5.71 MPa. The adhesive also possessed outstanding flame retardance performance with a V0 grade and the ultimate oxygen index of the adhesive-coated wood was 30%. Interestingly, it also had excellent thermal insulation and photothermal performances. Importantly, wood chips can also be processed into strong regenerated wood using the adhesive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a versatile and environmentally friendly chemical, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is in high demand. The current anthraquinone oxidation process suffers from high energy consumption in hydrogen production and the cumbersome alternating operations of hydrogenation and oxidation. The direct synthesis of H2O2 from H2 and O2 is constrained by the balance between safety and efficiency and heavy metal pollution from catalysts. Two-electron oxygen reduction reaction (2e− ORR) is an efficient, safe, and low-cost route for the production of H2O2. This 2e− ORR pathway has potential to become a supplement to the anthraquinone process because of fossil energy-free feature. The bottleneck of the industrialization of 2e− ORR is the lack of efficient catalysts. The 2e− ORR catalytic performance of noble metal electrode materials urgently needs to be significantly enhanced by smart design. However, the high price and limited reserves of these noble metal-based materials still severely limit their commercialization. Among many 2e− ORR catalysts, carbon-based catalysts have received much attention because of their low cost and diverse structures. This study reviews the research progress and the synthesis methods of carbon-based catalysts for 2e− ORR in recent years. First, this paper introduces the fundamental mechanism of H2O2 production by 2e− ORR through a combination of theory and experiment. Then, the synthesis methods and optimization strategies of various high-efficiency carbon-based catalysts are discussed. Finally, the various influencing factors (pH effect, pore structure, and carbon defects) and the practical applications for H2O2 production are analyzed. In addition, the future research direction is also proposed to promote the development of carbon-based catalysts for 2e− ORR toward industrialization. Although carbon-based catalysts display obvious advantages for electrocatalytic applications, there are still a few shortcomings that need to be overcome. The intrinsic activity and the long-term stability of carbon-based materials still require to be improved to a level that can be compared with those of noble metal-based catalysts. This review presents a comprehensive overview of the latest developments in the production of H2O2 by 2e− ORR on carbon-based catalysts, combining the most advanced theoretical and experimental literature available. The current state of the research on carbon-based catalysts in recent years indicates great promise for further advancement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The electrochemical reductive cleavage of the C–O bond in the lignin α-O-4 model compound benzyl phenyl ether (BPE) at room temperature was investigated using earth-abundant nickel as a catalyst in methanol. Experiments using a divided cell setup using either NiCl2·6H2O salt or pre-deposited Ni on a carbon paper cathode (Ni/CP) under an inert atmosphere revealed the essential role of freshly and uniformly deposited Ni0 on the electrode surface for the reductive, catalytic cleavage to yield phenol and toluene. To better understand the reaction mechanism, the surface morphology and composition of the Ni/CP electrode were investigated by SEM, XRD, and XPS. Additionally, the role of methanol as a proton donor was established, and electrochemical hydrogenation/hydrogenolysis (ECH) experiments of BPE with sterically hindered substituents revealed that the reaction mechanism shares similarities with Pd/C hydrogenation/hydrogenolysis chemistry. DFT calculations further supported this mechanistic route and were consistent with the experimental observations. Based on both experimental and calculation results, a mechanism including (1) the interaction of the benzylic side of BPE with the catalyst surface, (2) adsorbed hydrogen interacting with the benzylic carbon to induce C–O bond scission, and (3) proton transfer to the phenoxy anion from the methanol was proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Regarding issues such as the removal of Al and resource utilization of phosphorus iron, a recycling process is proposed in this paper in which spent cathode materials and Al foil are leached by low-concentration acids, then Al is selectively precipitated, and finally the lithium iron phosphate material is synthesized by a one-step hydrothermal synthesis method after being prepared in a certain liquid ratio. Each influencing factor in the processes of acid leaching and precipitation of Al was investigated, and the corresponding mechanism and elemental direction were analyzed. The experimental results showed that the ideal leaching effect could be achieved using low concentrations of sulfuric acid, at leaching rates of 99.98%, 99.12%, 99.16%, and 22.44% for lithium, iron, phosphorus, and Al, respectively, under optimal conditions. Al was selectively precipitated in the form of Al phosphate, and the removal rate could reach more than 99.71%. This experimental scheme significantly reduces the necessary amounts of acid and alkali, produces less slag, is carried out using a compact process, and realizes the efficient recycling of lithium iron phosphate resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nano-polystyrene, as a new type of organic pollutant, has attracted extensive attention. Nano-sized particles in the water environment could be easily absorbed by hydrophytes and accumulate in root and shoot organs, while porous carbon obtained by high-temperature carbonization is employed as the anode material of supercapacitors, which exhibits good electrochemical performance. In this work, a new strategy of Pistia stratiotes absorbable nano-polystyrene as the pore-forming agent is regarded for preparing porous carbon materials. The absorption of polystyrene nano-plastics by plants will change the graphitization degree and promote pore formation in carbon materials during carbonization. The obtained root-derived carbon materials have a hierarchical pore structure, a large specific surface area (845.61 m2 g−1), and a high micropore ratio (52.95%). The prepared carbon materials exhibit a specific capacitance of 253.0 F g−1 at 0.5 A g−1 in 6 M KOH; compared with the control group, the specific capacitance increases by nearly 3 times, and the specific capacitance curve is stable. This paper provides a new strategy for the recovery of nano-plastics from aqueous environments by natural aquatic plants and the preparation of high-performance biomass carbon materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the severe waste plastics pollution issues, fabricating biodegradable films as substitutes for plastic has been a pursuit of modern scientists for the past few years. UV (ultraviolet) shielding is essential for the application of biodegradable films in packaging materials, agricultural mulch, plastic greenhouses, and window films. Identified as a natural UV-absorber, lignin can be a safe additive to biodegradable film, endowing the film with urgently needed UV-resistance properties while ensuring the overall sustainability of the films. The present paper comprehensively reviews the research status on the preparation and application of lignin-containing biodegradable UV-blocking films. Additionally, the effect of lignin on the mechanical and optical properties of films is revealed. In general, this review provides some theoretical guidance for manufacturing lignin-containing biodegradable UV-blocking films with outstanding mechanical properties and optical transmittance, thus broadening their application in packaging, agriculture, and green building materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]