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The article discusses the move by African countries to improve their welfare state schemes. Some governments have developed their social safety-nets to expand the number of people covered by their welfare programmes. The effect of welfare state schemes on poor Africans' expectations of their governments is discussed, as well as the challenge of removing the schemes in the future.

The article argues that the Indian government should replace the nation's welfare schemes with a universal basic income (UBI) single payment plan as of 2017, and it mentions how India offers subsidized food, fuel, and electricity to the country's poor residents. The impacts that artificial intelligence and automation are having on employment in places such as India are examined, along with India's economic conditions and the nation's gross domestic product (GDP), and bank accounts.