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Background: The Cali Population Cancer Registry (RPCC) has been in continuous operation since 1962 with the objective of producing valid statistics on the incidence of cancer, its patterns, trends and survival rates. Methods: During the period 2008-2012, 23,046 new cases were registered and during 2011-2015 there were 12,761 cancer deaths. The trend of the rates was described with the APC average annual change rate and with the Joinpoint analysis. We analyzed the individual data of 38,671 adults (15-99 years) diagnosed with cancer between 1995-2009, and we calculated the standardized net survival by age for the 14 most common cancer body sites, using the Pohar-Perme method. Results: Prostate and breast cancer were the first cause of cancer morbidity. The incidence rates in these susceptible to early detection, tumors stabilized after decades of growth, while an increase in the incidence of colon cancer and papillary thyroid carcinoma was observed. The incidence rates of cervical and stomach cancer, conditions related to infectious agents, decreased, although the number of absolute cases increased, due to the growth and aging of the population. Gastric cancer was responsible for the highest number of cancer deaths. The types of cancer related to tobacco consumption (lung, oral cavity, esophagus, pancreas, urinary bladder) showed low numbers and a tendency to decrease. During the period 2000-2004, the 5-year net survival improved for cancers of the breast, cervix, prostate, melanoma and thyroid, although in the period 2005-2009 a stagnation was observed. In stomach, liver and lung cancer, the 5-year net survival was less than 15%. The 5-year overall survival in children was 51.0% (95% CI: 47.5, 54.3) and in adolescents 44.6% (95% CI: 36.0, 52.8). Comment: RPCC has been an advisor to the Colombian government in the evaluation of CPRs in the country and its data have contributed significantly to different aspects of cancer control in Colombia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Antecedentes: El Registro Poblacional de Cáncer de Cali (RPCC) opera de manera continua desde 1962 divulgando información de calidad para proporcionar un marco para valorar y controlar el impacto del cáncer en Cali. Métodos: La recolección de los casos nuevos de cáncer en residentes permanentes de Cali se hace mediante búsqueda activa y por notificación en los hospitales y laboratorios públicos y privados. La Secretaria de Salud Pública Municipal proporciona la información individual de mortalidad general y por cáncer. Los tumores se codifican con la CIO-3 y la mortalidad con la CIE-10. Las tasas se estandarizan por edad y la tendencia se estudia con el porcentaje de cambio anual y con la regresión de JoinPoint. La supervivencia neta a 5 años se analizó con el estimador de Pohar-Perme. Resultados: El 88.5% de los canceres tuvieron verificación morfológica (VM). La proporción de los casos codificada como de sitio mal definido representó el 5% y el certificado de defunción como única evidencia del diagnóstico de cáncer (DCO) varió entre 0-3% dependiendo de la localización. Todas las defunciones fueron certificadas por un médico, el 94.2% de las muertes por cáncer fueron bien certificadas. La proporción de sitio mal definido fue 5.3% y la de cáncer de útero no especificado (C55) fue 0.5%. En todos los casos de supervivencia fue posible el seguimiento y la proporción de censuras fue 13.2% Comentario: La información ha sido publicada en los once volúmenes de "Cancer Incidence in Five Continents". El RPCC participó en el Estudio Concord y está participando en SURVCAN-3. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PCR, acronym of polymerase chain reaction, has revolutionized the field of molecular diagnostics to the point that it currently represents the fastest-growing segment in clinical laboratories worldwide, where it has become an invaluable tool. This paper describes the fundamentals of PCR and its developments in some of its many applications in the diagnosis, from its beginnings to the present. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]