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Athletic performance is closely related to brain mechanisms. Sport cognitive neuroscience, an area of research utilizing brain imaging tools for the understanding of potential in human motor performance with roots in psychophysiology, has incorporated sport psychology theories and neuroscience techniques to evolve as a distinct research field. Research topics in this field mainly focus on the relationship between neurocognitive processing and athletic performance by recording the neural activity with brain imaging tools, particularly with electroencephalography (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). This paper reviews relevant research on sport cognitive neuroscience with an emphasis on work conducted by local researchers. An overview of the evolution and theories of sport cognitive neuroscience is provided, as well as exploration of studies categorized by the cross-sectional and longitudinal design in sport cognitive neuroscience using EEG and fMRI. Lastly, the unresolved issues in the previous studies are discussed, with suggestions for future studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]