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Let P be the set of generalized prime numbers, and ζ P (s) , s = σ + i t , denote the Beurling zeta-function associated with P. In the paper, we consider the approximation of analytic functions by using shifts ζ P (s + i τ) , τ ∈ R . We assume the classical axioms for the number of generalized integers and the mean of the generalized von Mangoldt function, the linear independence of the set { log p : p ∈ P } , and the existence of a bounded mean square for ζ P (s) . Under the above hypotheses, we obtain the universality of the function ζ P (s) . This means that the set of shifts ζ P (s + i τ) approximating a given analytic function defined on a certain strip σ ^ < σ < 1 has a positive lower density. This result opens a new chapter in the theory of Beurling zeta functions. Moreover, it supports the Linnik–Ibragimov conjecture on the universality of Dirichlet series. For the proof, a probabilistic approach is applied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Let t τ be a solution to the equation θ (t) = (τ − 1) π , τ > 0 , where θ (t) is the increment of the argument of the function π − s / 2 Γ (s / 2) along the segment connecting points s = 1 / 2 and s = 1 / 2 + i t . t τ is called the Gram function. In the paper, we consider the approximation of collections of analytic functions by shifts of the Riemann zeta-function (ζ (s + i t τ α 1) , ... , ζ (s + i t τ α r)) , where α 1 , ... , α r are different positive numbers, in the interval [ T , T + H ] with H = o (T) , T → ∞ , and obtain the positivity of the density of the set of such shifts. Moreover, a similar result is obtained for shifts of a certain absolutely convergent Dirichlet series connected to ζ (s) . Finally, an example of the approximation of analytic functions by a composition of the above shifts is given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]