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This study tests various applications of a new technique for infilling sparse monthly climate data which combines temperature anomalies from gridded observational and reanalysis data sets with baseline climatologies from short-instrumental records. Out-of-sample comparisons between infilled and observed climate data for 53 stations in northeastern Canada suggests that mean absolute errors using the proposed method are ±1 and ±0.5 °C on monthly and annual timescales, respectively. Evaluation of several gridded data sets used to guide infilling suggests that ERA-Interim ( ERAI) and modern-era retrospective reanalysis ( MERRA) reanalyses are the most suitable for this purpose in the Labrador-Ungava region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]