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Scientific research and innovation ensure the achievement of smart growth, high levels of employment and incomes, improving the economic situation of the country. The aim of the paper is to explore the possible sources of funding for innovation in Bulgarian enterprises, the methods for determining the costs of research and experimental design work, the funding programmes for sub-cluster research and innovation projects for the 2020-2027 programming period. The main obstacles and challenges in financing innovation are outlined. The methodological basis of scientific research is a systematic approach, general scientific abstraction, induction, synthesis, content analysis, statistical data analysis, socio-economic modeling, empirical research methods, qualitative and quantitative data collection and processing methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to survive in the market, every company must prioritize the establishment of long-term, stable relationships with its customers. This is an important aspect in business development, as it is the customers who provide valuable feedback on the quality of the services received and indicate the direction in which the company is going. The present paper strives to address the need for maintaining this feedback loop by offering an empirical study that articulates the key aspects of customer service. The results of the research shed light on the customer sentiments, which helps the managers at the different management levels of the company to make informed decisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Millions of dollars in financial fraud losses can be minimized, and in some cases, completely avoided by implementing the appropriate fraud prediction model. Combining a suitable rebalancing strategy with data mining techniques on a large dataset can enhance the prediction model for credit card fraud. The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of sampling techniques on ensemble classifiers for constructing credit card default prediction models. To decide which combination of rebalancing technique and ensemble classifier works best on skewed datasets for credit card fraud detection, in this paper, we investigate and assess the performance of no sampling, random under sampling, Tomek link removal, random oversampling, SMOTE, and a combination of SMOTE and Tomek link removal using ensemble classifiers including XGBoost, LightGBM, and Random Forest. For evaluating the best combination of rebalancing technique and ensemble classifier, we have used precision, recall, f1 score, mcc, PR-AUC curve and ROC-AUC curve as evaluation metrics. Based on overall evaluation matrics Random Forest, XGBoost perform best when paired with Tomek link removal, and LightGBM performs best when paired with random oversampling. All evaluation metrics of our empirical study indicate that Tomek link removal with Random Forest works best among all the different combinations of rebalancing techniques and ensemble classifiers for predicting fraudulent credit card transactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reservoir lifetime can be interpreted as the number of years a reservoir can be used to fulfil its purpose. This study proposes an approach to predict the remaining life of Semenyih reservoir using an empirical method. The result of this study can help in making important decisions in the water supply. This paper mainly focuses on Semenyih dam which is one of the Klang Valley major dams in Selangor, Malaysia built in 1985, with a lifetime plan of 100 years. This watershed basin has one of the main rivers in the state of Selangor, which has been negatively affected by industrial and urban wastes since early 1990. The annual sedimentation rate plan of Semenyih Reservoir was estimated from 13,165,400 m3 in 2004 to 13,511,900m3 in 2010, however as calculated in 2016, sediment delivery reached 13,665,450 m3 in the Semenyih catchment. The proposed result of the Semenyih Reservoir remaining lifetime using the empirical method can be estimated by years, and this number then can be used as a reference to predict the remaining volume of Semenyih Reservoir dead storage using the sediment approach. In this paper the lifetime of the reservoir was estimated at 65 years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For the past few years, the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) has introduced the Long-Term Evolution (LTE) as a critical answer to supporting the users' demand for a faster data connection. Nevertheless, another problem arises as the users move from one location to another; they will face a service interruption. As a result, switching from one base station to another base station is required. This process is known as handover. The LTE handover can be done using two algorithms: the A3RSRP and A2A4RSRQ. Both algorithms are associated with two Handover Control Parameters (HCPs). Earlier, many studies have been conducted to evaluate the handover algorithms' impact on the LTE network of Handover Control Parameters (HCPs). However, the studies solely focused on the Quality of Service (QoS), thus neglecting the Quality of Experience (QoE). Therefore, this paper presents an empirical analysis of the impact of the Handover Control Parameters based on user trajectories in terms of the QoS (Throughput and delay) and QoE (time to complete file download). The study found that the A2A4RSRQ algorithm performed better than the A3RSRP algorithm once the mobile user moved in a range of Angle-1 and Angle-2 directions. On the other side, different Handover Control Parameters should be assigned based on user trajectories to obtain good handover performances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Today, the current trend is utilizing the smart devices that provide comfort and security to the users. Now-a-days, most of the devices are developed with in-built advanced security provisions such as fingerprints, face recognition along with the traditional security provisions such as password and drawing a pattern. Almost all the smart phones have these two features to unlock the screen whereas the more secured feature is face recognition of a person as every human has unique features and expressions. Face recognition has a lot of scope for research work as it is an emerging technology used in all the devices. This paper presents description of face recognition, its implementations, various face recognition techniques and algorithms developed for mobiles, client-server systems etc. along with the various algorithms for the detection of face liveness of a person based on blinking of eyes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sentiment analysis aims to automatically identify and classify the tone or polarity of people's opinion in an unstructured text. This paper focuses on evaluating the accuracy of sentiment analysis methods to classify Indonesian higher education teaching conduct. In this context, we make the following contributions: (1) evaluation on the impact of text preparation methods in term of accuracy of sentiment analysis results, (2) evaluation the accuracy of three popular sentiment analysis methods (i.e., Naive Bayes, Support Vector Machine, Decision Tree) in classifying Indonesian text, and (3) proposal and evaluation on the effectiveness of combining the results from the three methods considered in this study with hope to improve the results' accuracy. Finally we analyzed cases where all classifiers suggested incorrect sentiment classification and highlighted areas for future works to improve the accuracy of sentiment analysis, in particular for Indonesian Text. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the empirical relationships are provided to predict the ultimate flexural resistance and the rotational capability of I-shaped aluminium alloy beams subjected to non-uniform bending moment. Starting from the parametric analyses carried out by means of FEM simulations, the final formulas are obtained as function of the main geometrical and mechanical parameters of aluminium beams. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper studies at developing an empirical relation to forecast the porosity and micro-hardness, by means of High Velocity Oxy Fuel (HVOF) method, of WC-10Co coatings. For determining the coating performance, process parameters such as LPG fuel flow rate, oxygen flow rate, spray distance, flow rate of carrier gas and feed rate of the coating powder play a significant role. Five-elements, Five-level Central Composite Rotatable Design (CCD) was employed in this analysis to reduce the number of experiments by covering all possible combinations of the process variables. A Mathematical model was established to assess the porosity and microhardness of the coatings including HVOF process parameters and the appropriateness of the model was examined using Variance of Analysis. The optimization of HVOF parameters using RSM, as well as the correlation of spray variables with properties of the coating, enables the recognition of the framework of the characteristics to attain the preferred consistency of WC-10Co coatings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]