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This study investigates the effect of corporate social responsibility (CSR) on customer loyalty and explores the role of customer engagement. The moderating role of gender is also examined. A total of 348 valid responses collected via the intercept approach from life insurance customers in Ghana were analyzed using structural equation modeling. The results suggest that CSR dimensions (economic, environmental, and social responsibility) positively impact customer loyalty. Also, the results indicate a partial mediating influence of customer engagement between CSR dimensions and customer loyalty. Further, the results establish the moderating effect of gender between economic and environmental dimensions of CSR and customer engagement. However, the study finds no moderating effect of gender between the social dimension of CSR and customer engagement. The study provides an empirical basis for CSR strategies that can drive customer engagement and customer loyalty in the insurance sector in many economies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The work is devoted to the study of the impact of external control on the strategies of pollutant discharge enterprises and government regulators in the field of environmental protection. The authors construct a model of the relationship between these entities. It is an evolutionary game in which the players are entities that generate pollutants and the government departments that implement pollution supervision. The choice of strategies of both of these entities and the evolutionary stability of the system controlled by different regulatory efforts, i.e., a third party, are analyzed. The authors then verify the evolutionary paths and evolutionary results of the model under different conditions using simulation analysis based on this model. The conducted research shows that the weak power of third-party supervision is not enough to promote the evolution of the behavioral decisions of the government and enterprises. An appropriate increase in the power of third-party supervision will change the choice of the government and enterprises strategies in the short term; however, due to the mutual influence of the strategies between both sides of the game, in this situation, the evolutionary system does not pursue a stable state. The strong power of third-party supervision will push enterprises to choose a pollution control strategy, change the intensity of government supervision, and replace government supervision to a certain extent. It is an interesting example of modeling the relationship of this system on the basis of evolutionary game theory. The findings can be regarded as a theoretical reference for environmental pollution control of enterprises. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The changes of density and elastic modules due to water vapor adsorption are measured for graphene oxide film at room temperature. Dominant mechanism for acoustic wave humidity sensing by the film is shown to be related with variation of its electric conductivity. Basing on the data, super high sensitive humidity sensor employing high-order Lamb wave with large coupling constant, standard lithium niobate plate, and graphene oxide sorbent film is developed. The minimal detectable level of the sensor is as low 0.03% RH, response times are 60/120 s, and reproducibility is ±2.5%. The sensor is completely selective towards H 2 , CO, CH 4 , NO, O 2 . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Graphene oxide (GO) possesses some unique properties, which allow its technological applications in many fields (energy storage, microelectronic devices, and chemical sensors). It can also be used as a sensitive layer in the development of the chemical acoustoelectronic sensors. We characterized the produced GO films by measuring their structural properties, permittivity, and longitudinal/shear elastic moduli. For the first time, we determined the longitudinal and shear elastic moduli of a GO film under study to be 12.3 ± 0.1 MPa and 3.0 ± 0.1 MPa, respectively. The density of the GO film is equal to ∼850 kg m−3. The permittivity of the GO film was found to be 21 for a frequency f = 20 Hz. The obtained results may be used in further application of GO films in acoustoelectronic sensor devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]