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This book is concerned with remote sensing based on the technology of imaging radar. It assumes no prior knowledge of radar on the part of the reader, commencing with a treatment of the essential concepts of microwave imaging and progressing through to the development of multipolarisation and interferometric radar, modes which underpin contemporary applications of the technology. The use of radar for imaging the earth's surface and its resources is not recent. Aircraft-based microwave systems were operating in the 1960s, ahead of optical systems that image in the visible and infrared regions of the spectrum. Optical remote sensing was given a strong impetus with the launch of the first of the Landsat series of satellites in the mid 1970s. Although the Seasat satellite launched in the same era (1978) carried an imaging radar, it operated only for about 12 months and there were not nearly so many microwave systems as optical platforms in service during the 1980s. As a result, the remote sensing community globally tended to develop strongly around optical imaging until Shuttle missions in the early to mid 1980s and free-flying imaging radar satellites in the early to mid 1990s became available, along with several sophisticated aircraft platforms. Since then, and particularly with the unique capabilities and flexibility of imaging radar, there has been an enormous surge of interest in microwave imaging technology. Unlike optical imaging, understanding the theoretical underpinnings of imaging radar can be challenging, particularly when new to the field.

The Applied and Numerical Harmonic Analysis (ANHA) book series aims to provide the engineering, mathematical, and scienti?c communities with signi?cant devel- ments in harmonic analysis, ranging from abstract harmonic analysis to basic app- cations. The title of the series re?ects the importance of applications and numerical implementation, but richness and relevance of applications and implementation - pend fundamentally on the structure and depth of theoretical underpinnings. Thus, from our point of view, the interleaving of theory and applications and their creative symbiotic evolution is axiomatic. Harmonic analysis is a wellspring of ideas and applicability that has?ourished, developed, and deepened over time within many disciplines and by means of creative cross-fertilization with diverse areas. The intricate and fundamental relationship - tween harmonic analysis and?elds such as signal processing, partial differential equations (PDEs), and image processing is re?ected in our state-of-the-art ANHA series. Our vision of modern harmonic analysis includes mathematical areas such as wavelet theory, Banach algebras, classical Fourier analysis, time-frequency analysis, and fractal geometry, as well as the diverse topics that impinge on them.

The Physics of Automatic Target Recognition is part of a series focusing on Advanced Sciences and Technologies for Security Applications. This book will address the fundamental physical bases of sensing, and information extraction in the state-of-the art automatic target recognition field. We will explore both passive and active multispectral sensing, polarimetric diversity, complex signature exploitation, sensor and processing adaptation, transformation of electromagnetic and acoustic waves in their interactions with targets, background clutter, transmission media, and sensing elements. The general inverse scattering, and advanced signal processing techniques and scientific evaluation methodologies being used in this multi disciplinary field will be part of this exposition. The issues of modeling of target signatures in various spectral modalities, LADAR, IR, SAR, high resolution radar, acoustic, seismic, visible, hyperspectral, in diverse geometric aspects will be addressed. The problem of clutter modeling from a physics point of view will be also explored. The methods for signal processing and classification will cover concepts such as sensor adaptive and artificial neural networks, time reversal filter. The issue of invariants of sensor and transmission transformations (geometrical, spectral and polarimetric invariants) will be explored. These invariants are crucial in the development of low latency and computationally manageable ATR systems.The book will address the issue of transformations that a signal goes through in its interactions with targets and background, in its passage through a medium and its final reception by a sensor. It is only through understanding these transformations that one can hope in addressing the inverse problem: the identification of originating sources of a signal (target recognition).Advanced Sciences and Technologies for Security Applications focuses on research monographs in the areas of-Recognition and identification (including optical imaging, biometrics, authentication, verification, and smart surveillance systems)-Biological and chemical threat detection (including biosensors, aerosols, materials detection and forensics)-Secure information systems (including encryption, and optical and photonic systems).The series is intended to give an overview at the highest research level at the frontier of research in the physical sciences.