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This open access book brings together oral histories that record the experiences of individuals with intellectual disabilities in Shanghai as they participate in their careers. Employees with intellectual disabilities describe their experiences seeking, attaining, and maintaining employment. Their managers, colleagues, and family members also provide keen insight into the challenges and opportunities these individuals have encountered in the process of securing employment. An appendix provides a compilation of employment policies related to people with intellectual disabilities, particularly with respect to Shanghai.

This open access book is unique in presenting the first oral history of individuals with an intellectual disability and their families in China. In this summary volume and the two accompanying volumes that follow, individuals with an intellectual disability tell their life stories, while their family members, teachers, classmates, and co-workers describe their professional, academic, and family relationships. Besides interview transcripts, each volume provides observations and records in real time the daily experiences of people with an intellectual disability. Drawing on the methodologies of sociology and oral history, the summary volume provides an unprecedented account of how people with intellectual disabilities in China understand themselves while also examining pertinent issues of public policy and civil society that have ramifications beyond the field of disability itself.

Deborah Luise Lutz explores support work relationships, the relationships between people with intellectual disabilities in receipt of a personal budget and their support workers. Through the methodology of Institutional Ethnography, she specifically investigates how personal budget policies that organize support work in Germany and Australia influence support work relationships. She found that the policies of personal budgets are connected to people's views and expectations about the support work relationship and the support work context that influence the relationship. The author argues that disability research, policy and practice need to be cognisant of this interconnection to improve the quality of support work relationships.

What happens when a group traditionally defined as lacking the necessary capacities of citizenship is targeted by government programs that have made ‘citizenship inclusion'their main goal? Combining theoretical perspectives of political philosophy, social theory, and disability studies, this book untangles the current state of Western intellectual disability politics following the replacement of state institutionalisation by independent and supported living, individual rights, and self-determination. Taking its cue from Foucault's conception of ‘biopolitics', denoting the government of the individuals and the totality of the population, its overarching argument is that the ambiguous positioning of people with intellectual disabilities with respect to the ideals of citizenship results in a regime of government that simultaneously includes and excludes people of this group. On the one hand, its members are projected to become ideal-citizens via the cultivation of citizenship capacities. On the other, the right to live independently and by their own choices is curtailed as soon as they are seen as failing with respect to the ideals of reason and rationality. Therefore, coercion, restraints, and paternalism, which were all supposed to end with deinstitutionalisation, are still ingrained in services targeting the group. In equal parts a theoretical work, advancing debates of critical disability theory, social theory, and post-structural philosophy, as well as an empirical engagement with the history of intellectual disability politics and the ways in which present day politics target the group, this book will be of interest to all students and scholars of disability studies, disability politics, and political theory.

This open access book studies disability inclusion in humanitarian crises. It addresses the challenges of recognizing and including persons with disabilities and indicates the degree to which disability is being mainstreamed in international law and humanitarian action. Further, it explores how international organizations have promoted a rights-based understanding of disability in international law, and to what extent this understanding has gained acceptance in humanitarian policy and practice. Theoretically, Funke and Dijkzeul explore the robustness of the disability inclusion norm cluster during processes of institutionalization, translation, and implementation. The book examines these processes from a multi-level perspective, which involves a variety of actors beyond states, including organizations of persons with disabilities. Situating their analysis within the literature on humanitarian action and development, the authors argue for an increased focus on processes “below” the international level in international relations and international law scholarship to better understand disability inclusion.

Something must have changed in society. We weren't always this worried. Not always caught up in disastrous scenarios in our minds. What is this nagging voice in our head? Why won't it stop, and why are we so fixated on it?In Why We Worry, Roland Paulsen paints a broad picture of the cultural variations and historical evolution of anxiety. Through this lens, he invites readers to explore the paradox of how material wealth has enriched our lives in every aspect except one: our mental well-being.This book offers empirically grounded insights into the sociological underpinnings of issues relating to worry. As such, it is suitable for undergraduate students in psychology, sociology, and medicine – and anyone who has ever been trapped in rumination.The Open Access version of this book, available at www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND) 4.0 license.

This open access book is the first to offer a systematic overview of the different methods for assessing brain development and a comparative review of how such assessments have already influenced the law. Lawmakers prefer to draw clear distinctions, but biology is characterized by continua: both in terms of how development proceeds within a person and how it differs from other people. However, this does not mean that age limits are arbitrary. This book extends the author's previous research on the Dutch juvenile criminal law, which was founded on the brain development of adolescents and has been in use for more than a decade. The role of age limits in death and life sentences in the US and the new cannabis legislation in Germany are also analyzed in depth. This project combines biological, psychological and social knowledge and puts forward a pragmatic proposal to connect the two fields of brain development and law. It will be of interest to researchers, professionals (e.g. judges, legislators) and students alike.

This text outlines the relative merits of qualitative interviewing to new and emerging scholars in an accessible way. This is achieved not by providing an exhaustive ‘how-to'guide but in introducing researchers to the interview technique and using examples of ‘best practice'from across the social sciences.To ensure the book is both accessible and inclusive, efforts have been made to include case studies from a diverse range of authors, including those from different ethnic and social backgrounds, from outside Western Europe/North America, and from non-academic sources. This book will therefore introduce the reader to the key themes surrounding interview design, implementation, analysis and presentation, using examples and case studies from research across the social sciences. Crucially, the book will not provide exhaustive guidance on how to conduct the techniques. Instead, each chapter includes a range of interview design activities for readers to try which might help them engage with the chapter topics, as well as a'Summary'box which comprises a short annotated reading list of key texts relating to each of the chapter topics and a checklist of things to consider relating to the chapter topics.

Learning Disability and Everyday Life brings into conversation ideas from social theory with “thick” descriptions of the everyday life of a middle-aged man with learning disabilities and autism.This book is markedly ethnographic in its orientation to the gritty graininess of everyday life—eating, drinking, walking, cooking, talking, and so on—in, with, and alongside learning disability. However, preoccupation with, the “small” coexists with a gaze intent upon capturing a bigger picture, to the extent that the things constituting everyday life are deployed as prisms through and with which to critically reflect upon the wider worlds of dis/ability and everyday life. Such attention to the small and the big—the micro and the macro—allows this book to explore the ordinary and everyday ways meanings about normalcy and abnormalcy, ability and disability, are put together, enacted, practised, made (up)—in the sense of constituting and fabricating—and, crucially, accomplished through and between people in specific, and invariably contingent, sociocultural, discursive, and material conditions of possibility.This book will be of specific interest not only to students and scholars of disability but also to persons with lived experiences of disability. This book will also be of interest to students and scholars of anthropology and sociology.

This book addresses the crisis of sexual abuse in the Roman Catholic Church in Latin America, the region of the world with the highest percentage of Catholics. Bringing together research from across the continent, it demonstrates that abuse within the Church is indeed a global phenomenon, though abuses have taken different forms according to varying sociocultural contexts. With attention to abuses committed against children, women and vulnerable adults – by both men and women – within the settings of parishes, new religious movements and international religious organizations, it also raises questions of justice, asking how to assess the suffering of victims, how to deal with abusers and how to prevent abuses. It will therefore be of interest to scholars of religious studies, sociology, Latin American studies, criminology, theology, and religious leaders with interests in the abuses and scandals that have been revealed in the worldwide Church.

Winner 2024 Sociology of Disability in Society Outstanding Publication Award, Disability in Society Section, American Sociological AssociationMovements that take issue with conventional understandings of autism spectrum disorder, a developmental disability, have become increasingly visible. Drawing on more than three years of ethnographic fieldwork and interviews with participants, Catherine Tan investigates two autism-focused movements, shedding new light on how members contest expert authority. Examining their separate struggles to gain legitimacy and represent autistic people, she develops a new account of the importance of social movements as spaces for constructing knowledge that aims to challenge dominant frameworks.Spaces on the Spectrum examines the autistic rights and alternative biomedical movements, which reimagine autism in different and conflicting ways: as a difference to be accepted or as a sickness to treat. Both, however, provide a window into how ideas that conflict with dominant beliefs develop, take hold, and persist. The autistic rights movement is composed primarily of autistic adults who contend that autism is a natural human variation, not a disorder, and advocate for social and cultural inclusion and policy changes. The alternative biomedical movement, in contrast, is dominated by parents and practitioners who believe in the disproven idea that vaccines trigger autism and seek to reverse it with scientifically unsupported treatments. Both movements position themselves in opposition to researchers, professionals, and parents outside their communities. Spaces on the Spectrum offers timely insights into the roles of shared identity and communal networks in movements that question scientific and medical authority.

This book is about the everyday life of people with visual impairment or blindness. Using video ethnographic methods and ethnomethodological conversation analysis, it unpacks the practical accomplishments of everyday activities such as navigating in public space, identifying objects and obstacles, being included in workplace activities, interacting with guide dogs, or interacting in museums or classes in school.Navigation, social inclusion, and the world of touch constitute key phenomena that are affected by visual impairment and which we study in this book. Whereas sighted people use their sight for navigating, for figuring out the location of co-participants and the embodied cues they produce, and for achieving understanding of objects in the world, visually impaired people on the contrary cannot rely on vision for navigating, for interpreting embodied cues, or for identifying or recognizing objects. Other sensory resources and other practices are employed to accomplish these basic human actions. The chapters in this book present examples and findings relevant to these issues and draw out the general theoretical implications of these findings. Whereas existing research often studies visual impairment from a medical, cognitive, and psychological perspective, this book provides insights into how visually impaired people accomplish ordinary activities in orderly, organized ways by a detailed study of their actions. While most books describe cognitive and biological issues, many of them using experimental methods, this book provides empirical findings about the actual daily lives as it naturally unfolds based on video recordings. The book contributes insights into the practices of living with visual impairment as well as perspectives for rethinking some of the most basic aspects of human sociality, including perception, interaction, multisensoriality and ocularcentrism (the view that the world is de facto designed by and for sighted persons). As such, the book provides novel findings in the field of ethnomethodological conversation analysis.Renewing the social model of disability, this book will appeal to scholars of sociology with interests in ethnomethodology and conversation analysis, the emergence of practical skills, and understandings of disability in terms of relations between the individual and the social environment.Chapter 1 of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF at http://www.taylorfrancis.com under a Creative Commons [Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND)] 4.0 license.

Critical theory and Independent Living explores intersections between contemporary critical theory and disabled people's struggle for self-determination. The book highlights the affinities between the Independent Living movement and studies of epistemic injustice, biopower, and psychopower. It discusses in depth the activists'critical engagement with welfare-state paternalism, neoliberal marketisation, and familialism. This helps develop a pioneering comparison between various welfare regimes grounded in Independent Living advocacy. The book draws on the activism of disabled people from the European Network on Independent Living (ENIL) by developing case studies of the ENIL's campaigning for deinstitutionalisation and personal assistance. It is argued that this work helps rethink independence as a form of interdependence, and that this reframing is pivotal for critical theorising in the twenty-first century.

Critical theory and Independent Living explores intersections between contemporary critical theory and disabled people's struggle for self-determination. The book highlights the affinities between the Independent Living movement and studies of epistemic injustice, biopower, and psychopower. It discusses in depth the activists'critical engagement with welfare-state paternalism, neoliberal marketisation, and familialism. This helps develop a pioneering comparison between various welfare regimes grounded in Independent Living advocacy. The book draws on the activism of disabled people from the European Network on Independent Living (ENIL) by developing case studies of the ENIL's campaigning for deinstitutionalisation and personal assistance. It is argued that this work helps rethink independence as a form of interdependence, and that this reframing is pivotal for critical theorising in the twenty-first century.

This book draws together interdisciplinary perspectives to examine the legal, moral, and socio-spatial regulation of sex work in the contemporary context. With a thematic focus on the gendered landscape of sex work, formal and informal methods of socio-spatial control, and (in)access to justice, this book explores the role of space in the regulation of sex work in diverse contexts, from the local to the global. The chapters collectively bring together complex, inter-related issues that impact the lives of sex workers throughout the world, providing evidence of the impacts of regulation on sex workers and subsequent barriers to accessing justice and rights. This collection centres the regulated lives of sex workers, using an intersectional lens that highlights the gendered and racialised impacts of stigma. Incorporating knowledge derived from both academic research and lived experience, this book provides a unique contribution that will be of interest to academics and policy-makers globally.

This book is a compilation of the best papers presented at the 2023 edition of the Singapore Conference of Applied Psychology (SCAP), led by East Asia Research in Singapore in collaboration with the Singapore University of Technology and Design and Charles Sturt University in Australia. Chapters include research conducted by experts in the field of applied psychology from the Asia-Pacific region, and cover areas such as the latest innovations, trends, concerns, practical challenges encountered and the solutions adopted in the field of applied psychology such as community and environmental psychology, psychotherapy and counseling, health, child and school psychology, and gender studies. The volume will be of interest to educators, psychology researchers and practicing counselors.

Although rare diseases have captured public attention in recent decades, the lived experiences of people affected by these conditions remain on the periphery of medical anthropological inquiry. Focusing on Poland, Finland, and Sweden, and foregrounding notions of “rare” or “chronic” disease as an embedded category, this book critically analyzes entanglements between people and families with rare diseases and care practices that involve local healthcare policies, practitioners, and treatment modalities. Drawing on locally grounded case studies, Entanglements of Rare Diseases in the Baltic Sea Region constitutes a unique and important contribution to both global medicine and social science scholarship.

This is the first book to explore in breadth and in depth the complex intersections between sport, leisure, and social justice.This book examines the relations of power that produce social inequalities and considers how sport and leisure spaces can perpetuate those relations, or act as sites of resistance, and makes a powerful call for an activist scholarship in sport and leisure studies. Presenting original theoretical and empirical work by leading international researchers and practitioners in sport and leisure, this book addresses the central social issues that lie at the heart of critical social science – including racism, sexism, homophobia, transphobia, ableism, religious persecution, socio-economic deprivation, and the climate crisis – and asks how these issues are expressed or mediated in the context of sport and leisure practices. Covering an incredibly diverse range of topics and cases – including sex testing in sport; sport for refugees; pedagogical practices in physical education; community sport development; events and human rights; and athlete activism – this book also surveys the history of sport and social justice research, as well as outlining theoretical and methodological foundations for this field of enquiry.The Routledge Handbook of Sport, Leisure and Social Justice is an indispensable resource for any advanced student, researcher, policymaker, practitioner, or activist with an interest in the sociology, culture, politics, history, development, governance, media and marketing, and business and management of sport and leisure.

This book describes the disability rights movement that started in the USA and its influence on the disability rights movement in Lebanon, which has led to the endorsement of the Lebanese Disability Act 220/2000. The book introduces the reader to the Lebanese Disability Act 220/ 2000, its definition of disability, and its relation to the medical and social models of disabilities and then articulate the Act articles. Then, it defines the inclusive design paradigm that acknowledges the needs of all people at each stage of their life cycle and presents the difference between inclusive design and accessibility and disability notions. Moreover, the book reviews the different international accessible design standards (American and French) that are adopted in Lebanon with the absence of a nationalized Lebanese design standard and its effect on eliminating barriers and enhancing accessibility at university buildings. Besides, the book presents students'experiences and their satisfaction with the university built environments. 6 university buildings case studies at the American University of Beirut are assessed and analysed to check whether they adopt the inclusive design approach and then propose inclusive design solutions for both heritage and modern university buildings. What makes the book unique is its combination of empirical and theoretical application of inclusive design. The last section, reflects the author's inclusive design teaching pedagogy. In this section, the author shares samples of students'class design project and provides recommendations and guidelines for teaching inclusive design so it becomes mainstream.

The past 50 years have witnessed a transformation in the structure and function of families and households. The social and demographic catalysts for these changes – including but not limited to delayed marriage, the legalization of same-sex marriage, women's increased labor force participation, and declines in fertility and mortality – have further impacted norms around family life and the performance of formal and informal family roles. Despite these radical shifts, however, family and personal relationships are not well-represented in disability scholarship. In the interest of expanding disability scholarship on families, this volume of Research in Social Science and Disability brings together research and theoretical perspectives that challenge and revise dominant perspectives on disability and the changing contexts of family and personal relationships. Rooted in a sociological and anti-ableist understanding of families which recognizes that families are not only shaped by individuals and individual relationships, chapters instead concentrate on the social contexts in which families exist to shift our focus away from individuals and allows us to engage with the social structures and status hierarchies that may privilege or undermine families and relationships to varying degrees. Showcasing conceptually innovative work and cutting-edge methods related to the study of families, Disability and the Changing Contexts of Family and Personal Relationships presents not just a groundbreaking perspective on disability and family life, but also a new paradigm in disability scholarship.

Contemporary Vulnerabilities offers critical reflections about vulnerable moments in research committed to social change. This interdisciplinary collection gathers reflexive narratives and analyses about innovative methodologies that engage with unconventional and unexpected research spaces inhabited and shared by scholars. The authors encourage us to collaborate within, reflect on, and confront the frictions of inquiry around social change. With an aim of contesting the dominance of Eurocentric epistemologies, the collection includes modes of storytelling and examples of knowledge gathering that are often excluded from academic texts in general and methodological texts in particular. All those interested in research methodologies and social justice inquiry will find provocation and recognition in this volume, including scholars, ethics boards, and students. Contributors: Aly Bailey, Kayla Besse, Meredith Bessey, Madeline Burghardt, Claire Carter, Shraddha Chatterjee, Yuriko Cowper-Smith, Eva Cupchik, Cheyanne Desnomie, Bongi Dube, Athanasia Francis, Rebecca Godderis, Moses Gordon, Emily Grafton, Caitlin Janzen, Evadne Kelly, Debra Langan, Rebecca Lennox, Corinne L. Mason, Tara-Leigh McHugh, Preeti Nayak, Anh Ngo, Jess Notwell, Marcia Oliver, Cassandra J. Opikokew Wajuntah, Merrick Pilling, Kendra-Ann Pitt, Salima Punjani, seeley quest, Carla Rice, Jen Rinaldi, Lori Ross, Kate Rossiter, Brenda Rossow-Kimball, Siobhán Saravanamuttu, Melissa Schnarr, Bettina Schneider, Irene Shankar, Skylar Sookpaiboon, Chelsea Temple Jones, Amelia Thorpe, Paul Tshuma, Amber-Lee Varadi, Jijian Voronka, Kristyn White.

In this groundbreaking Research Handbook on the Sociology of Youth, researchers from around the world examine the social, political, cultural and ecological processes that shape young people's lives and how young people in turn shape the world. Contributors from the Global North and South challenge traditional frameworks as they document the diversity of ways young people now live. The Research Handbook highlights the active and creative responses of young people as they help shape the world and how they work to overcome inequality, adversity and crisis and aspire to flourishing societies and a healthy planetary future.This innovative Research Handbook offers reflective, critical and accessible analyses of contemporary youth sociology as well as insights into how policy-makers and professionals can apply these research findings to their practice. The Research Handbook highlights the diversity of theoretical, methodological and conceptual approaches now available reflecting how the field has become increasingly dynamic and ontologically open. The Research Handbook includes commentaries by young people from across the world and demonstrates how young people are already involved in and are attempting to address the significant issues of our time like climate justice, racism, socio-economic inequalities, forced migration, LGBTQI+ identities, disability, mental health, and violence.In presenting this breadth of new work on the sociology of youth, this groundbreaking Research Handbook offers a major new resource for researchers, teachers, policy-makers, practitioners and students alike.

There are currently over 1.3 billion people globally who experience exclusion and inequality rooted in persistent and deep ableism. Quality research with and about disabled people is vital to changing this situation. Such research presents ethical challenges and complexities which have not been given the attention they deserve if we are to advance disability rights as promised by the UNCRPD and other equality and human rights commitments. Considering important aspects of general ethical principles, including respect, consent, privacy and confidentiality, this volume of Advances in Research Ethics and Integrity fills that gap. It does so while also recognising the broad scope, diversity and significant size of the disabled population. Experienced researchers from the field examine processes of disablement and the specificities which arise when researching the lives of people with physical, mental, intellectual or sensory impairments. Authors also incorporate social factors such as gender, ethnicity and age and how they interact with disability. Building from the context set by the UNCRPD and other ethical guidance, chapters explore topics such as ensuring quality in data, the importance of defining terms, ethical inclusion, use and misuse of the term vulnerability, the intersection of race and ethnicity, the role of ethics committees and other approval processes and maximising research impact.

This book brings together studies from various locations to examine the growing social problems that have been brought to the fore by the COVID-19 outbreak. Employing both qualitative, theoretical and quantitative methods, it presents the impact of the pandemic in different settings, shedding light on political and cultural realities around the world. With attention to inequalities rooted in race and ethnicity, economic conditions, gender, disability, and age, it considers different forms of marginalization and examines the ongoing disjunctions that increasingly characterize contemporary democracies from a multilevel perspective.The book addresses original analyses and approaches from a global perspective on the COVID-19 pandemic, its governance, and its effects in different geographies. These analyses are organized around three main axes: 1) how COVID-19 pandemic worsened social, racial/ethnic, and economic inequalities, including variables such as migration status, gender, and disability; 2) how the pandemic impacted youth and how younger generations cope with public health alarms, and containment measures; 3) how the pandemic posed a challenge to democracy, reshaped the political agenda, and the debate in the public sphere. Contributions from around the world show how local and national issues may overlap on a global scale, laying the foundation for connected sociologies. Based on qualitative as well as quantitative empirical analysis on various categories of individuals and groups, this edited volume reflects on the sociological aspects of current planetary crises which will continue to be at the core of our societies.A wide-ranging, international volume that focuses on both unexpected social changes and new forms of agency in response to a period of crisis, Inequalities, Youth, Democracy and the Pandemic will appeal to scholars with interests in the sociology of health, social problems and inequalities.

Why do some adults think it's fine to hit children? Why does the school system fail so many pupils? And when their future is on the line, why can't children vote? How we treat children isn't fair. Despite the lip service paid to their rights, children are still discriminated against in every aspect of their lives: rising levels of child poverty, underfunded and outdated education and childcare systems, controlling parenting practices, and political systems that exclude their voices on issues which will affect them most — not least the climate crisis. Children are not passive victims of oppression, but their resistance and struggle for equality has been largely ignored by the wider social justice movement — until now. In this groundbreaking manifesto, Eloise Rickman argues that it's time to stop viewing children as less than adults and start fighting for their rights to be taken seriously. Radical, compassionate, and profoundly hopeful, this powerful new book signals the start of a long-overdue conversation about how we treat children. Featuring practical solutions and the voices of children and adults who are working towards them, It's Not Fair is a call to embrace children's liberation and the possibility of a better, fairer world.

This book focuses on the spaces and practices of caring for horses, explored in a series of case studies set across the equine lifespan. For horses, everyday practices of care as well as ever-changing understandings of what is good care directly shape their living conditions and lives with humans. In this book, questions of animal ethics and welfare are approached in a tangible way by exploring the relationships and practices of interspecies care across a range of different spaces, including horse yards, training grounds, farms, rescue centres and the street. The chapters illuminate the ways in which interspecies care ties horses to human society and culture, addressing care practices in different stages of the equine life cycle. Through a unique set of case-studies addressing issues such as training, working, rescue, aging and death, the book offers a clear overview of how humans shape the lifespan of animals living under their care. It simultaneously foregrounds the agency of animals in this process and how such agency is interpreted and responded to by humans. With its theoretically solid analysis of rigorous empirical study, the book answers the need to understand human connection to the nonhuman world within the everyday practices and spaces of contemporary society and culture.

This is an open access book. The conference will focus on educational management and social studies, discussing key challenges and research directions for the development of the field, promoting the development and application of theories and methods in the field in universities and enterprises, and providing a favorable platform for innovative scholars and experts focusing on the field of research to exchange new ideas and present their research results.

This edited collection of contributions explores non-normative genders, sexualities, and relationality among Autistic people.Written within an explicitly neuro-affirmative frame, the collection celebrates the diversity and richness of Autistic identity, sexuality, gender, and relationships, exploring areas such as consent, embodiment, ink, kink, sex education, and therapeutic work. All editors and contributors are neurodivergent and members of the communities that the book focuses on, providing an authentic and unique exploration of gender, sexuality, and relationality in Autistic people by Autistic/other neurodivergent authors.The book is primarily intended for postgraduate students and academics across disciplines including sociology, social work, psychology, disability studies, inclusive and special education, and sexual education. Mental health professionals and educators will also find it a useful resource to support their Autistic clients as well as developing their own understanding about how to support Autistic people in a neurodiversity-affirming, kink-affirming, LGBTQ+, and gender-variant way.

Questo volume nasce da una ricerca collettiva finalizzata a elaborare strumenti analitici e operativi per la prevenzione e il contrasto dei processi di istituzionalizzazione che coinvolgono le persone con disabilità in Italia, soprattutto con l'incedere dell'età. L'Italia, infatti, nonostante si sia contraddistinta in epoca repubblicana per la critica pragmatica delle logiche di apartheid e relegazione (con l'abolizione delle classi differenziali, la soppressione del manicomio civile e la dismissione dell'ospedale psichiatrico-giudiziario), presenta ancora solidi grumi di resistenza nel superare definitivamente la cultura della segregazione. Ciò in controtendenza con la cultura giuridica che, a inizio del XXI secolo, si è cristallizzata nella Convenzione delle Nazioni Unite sui diritti delle persone con disabilità, resa possibile dalle teorie e dalle pratiche critiche elaborate negli anni dal Disability Rights Movement. Cardini di questi nuovi codici culturali e di questo nuovo ordine normativo sono il principio per cui in nessun caso la condizione di disabilità può giustificare la privazione della libertà personale e il correlato riconoscimento del diritto di vivere nella società con libertà di scelta, inclusa la possibilità di scegliere, su base di uguaglianza con gli altri, il proprio luogo di residenza e dove e con chi vivere, senza l'obbligo di vivere in una sistemazione particolare. In un momento di fermento legislativo, questa ricerca, che è stata condotta da studiosi e professionisti provenienti da diversi campi del sapere – sociologia, social work, diritto, psichiatria, pedagogia, filosofia, antropologia –, propone allora un quadro dei modi di persistenza dei dispositivi di incapacitazione delle persone con disabilità e dello strumentario disponibile per la loro emancipazione.

The recent high-profile murders of George Floyd, and other African American individuals, along with the prevailing coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic have reinforced the notion that certain marginalized populations have worse health outcomes than other populations, likely due to unequal and unjust policies and practices. Neurological processes and prognoses frequently vary by sex/gender, race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and geographic location. In particular, individuals of lower socioeconomic status and from minority racial and ethnic backgrounds have worse neurological health and often receive a lower standard of neurological care. These inequities in neurological outcomes are attributed to wider societal social influences, which impact how people live and how neurology is practiced. Published evidence suggests that healthcare providers and the healthcare system contribute to inequities in neurological care for vulnerable and underserved populations. However, educating neurology care providers about these issues and training them to provide equitable care for these patients can potentially improve neurology care access, delivery, and outcomes. In this book we provide the theoretical background, scientific evidence, and experiential knowledge warranted to properly care for vulnerable, underserved patients with neurological diseases at the levels of the provider and system. This book examines the root causes of neurological health inequities across a broad range of topics and offers possible solutions for achieving neurological health equity. Initial chapters help to frame the overall issue of neurological health equity. Subsequent chapters evaluate neurological health equity from the clinical practice standpoint, with a focus on select populations and subspecialty care delivery settings. Lastly, we discuss the bigger picture with regard to the pipeline of practitioners and purview of policy makers. This text is relevant for neurology residents and fellows, multidisciplinary neurological care practitioners (neurologists, neurosurgeons, advanced practice providers, hospitalists, emergency physicians, critical care physicians, pharmacists, and allied health personnel), and public health researchers and health policy makers. The book is divided into three sections: Principles, Neurological Conditions, and Priorities. The first section establishes the framework and explains various key terminologies and concepts, which undergird the care of vulnerable and undeserved patient populations. The second section, Neurological Conditions, covers key neurological diseases by sub-specialty describing published evidence of care and outcome disparities, gaps in knowledge, practical techniques for bridging these disparities on provider and system levels. The third section, Priorities, identifies important areas of focus and improvement targeting trainees, researchers, community partners, stakeholder organizations and policy makers, which would be crucial for implementing sustained societal-level enhancements in the neurological health of these vulnerable populations.

This book covers various topics and trends regarding Artificial Intelligence (AI), Internet of Things (IoT), and their applications in society, industry, and environment for achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) suggested by the United Nations. Additionally, it discusses their advancements and fusion as well as the realization of Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT). The book aims to provide an overview and recent research into the fusion, integration, advancements, and impact of these technologies in the context of SDGs achievement. The topics include the applications of AI, IoT, big data, AI-based and IoT-based cloud computing, machine learning and deep learning techniques, and blockchain among others for achieving SDGs. It also presents findings and discussions on potential application domains, addresses open issues and challenges, offers solutions, and provides suggestions for future research for achieving SDGs. The chapters are clustered, according to particular SDGsor areas of focus, into: i) the realization of AIoT for SDGs, ii) the role of AIoT in achieving society and wellbeing-related SDGs, iii) the fulfillment of industrial sectors, infrastructure, and economy-related SDGs through AIoT, and iv) the use of AIoT to aid natural resources and environment-related SDGs. The book assists researchers, practitioners, professionals, and academicians of various scientific fields in exploring and better understanding these state-of-the-art technologies, their advancements, impact, future potentials and benefits, and their role in successfully achieving SDGs.The book:· Offers an in-depth overview of AIoT for achieving SDGs.· Presents the fusion of AI and IoT for bringing a significant change in everyday life and fulfilling SDGs.· Highlights innovative solutions and results of AIoT integration in several domains for achieving SDGs.· Showcases the influence of AIoT on promoting and improving sustainability in the context of SDGs.· Discusses the issues, benefits, solutions, and impact of AIoT in society, industry, and environment for achieving SDGs.

This book offers a focused and detailed insight into the health and wellbeing of prison staff, specifically focussing on prison leaders and managers. The authors bring together expertise from psychology, health, law, and criminology, to present a unique multidisciplinary examination of health and wellbeing based on interviews with Prison Governors'Association members. Examining how the participants described their health and wellbeing at work and at home, the authors reveal dysfunctional culture, disenchantment and disengagement, the heavy weight of expectations and high levels of professional uncertainty relating to the future. It argues that more governor grade specific and arguably mandated support is needed. Recommendations from the book will contribute to improving health and wellbeing amongst the governor work force, feeding into positive outcomes in relation to staff retention and prison expansion challenges.

Thio's Deviant Behavior explores the current state and future directions of deviance. Building upon the work of the late Alex Thio, authors Jim Taylor and Martin Schwartz provide a solid foundation in scientific theories of deviance. The authors encourage you to apply your understanding of key concepts to emerging forms of deviant behavior such as Internet trolling and prescription drug abuse. The 13th Edition has been thoroughly updated to reflect recent trends in deviance, including new coverage of school violence, sexual harassment, self-injury, online stalking, modern forms of fraud and more. Relevant stories from pop culture and coverage of recent high-profile cases involving prominent media personalities enable you to see how the study of deviance can be helpful in understanding today's world.

Behavior Modification is a comprehensive, practical presentation of the principles of behavior modification and guidelines for their application. It introduces forms of behavior modification ranging from helping children learn necessary life skills, to training pets, to solving personal behavior problems. It teaches practical “how-to” skills, including discerning long-term effects; designing, implementing, and evaluating behavioral programs; interpreting behavioral episodes; observing and recording behaviors; and recognizing instances of reinforcement, extinction, and punishment.The material is presented in an engaging, readable format that assumes no prior knowledge of behavior modification or psychology. Specific cases and examples clarify issues and make the principles real. Guidelines throughout provide a ready source to use as a reference in applying the principles. Questions for Learning, an average of 25 per chapter, are included to support students in checking their knowledge of the material when preparing for tests and exams. Application Exercises are also included in most chapters to assist students in the development of the practical skills they will need to complete behavior modification projects effectively.Behavior Modification is ideal for courses in Behavior Modification, Applied Behavior Analysis, Behavior Therapy, the Psychology of Learning, and related areas; and for students and practitioners of various helping professions—such as clinical psychology, counselling, education, medicine, nursing, occupational therapy, physiotherapy, psychiatric nursing, psychiatry, social work, speech therapy, and sport psychology—who are concerned directly with enhancing various forms of behavior development.

Artykuły, które włączono do książki, zostały pierwotnie zaprezentowane jako referaty wygłoszone w czasie konferencji naukowej zatytułowanej „Współczesne problemy społeczne w dynamicznej rzeczywistości”, będącej jubileuszem prof. Jolanty Grotowskiej-Leder. Konferencja odbyła się w Instytucie Socjologii Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego w październiku 2021 r. Na książkę składa się dziewięć tekstów naukowych. Większość z nich odnosi się do rzeczywistości pandemicznej, kierując naszą uwagę w stronę nowych sposobów konceptualizacji i doświadczania problemów społecznych, a także organizowania przeciwdziałania im po marcu 2020 r.

Extensively revised and updated, Planning in the USA, fifth edition, continues to provide a comprehensive introduction to the policies, theory, and practice of planning.Outlining land use, urban planning, and environmental protection policies, this fully illustrated book explains the nature of the planning process and the way in which policy issues are identified, defined, and approached. The new edition incorporates new planning legislation and regulations at the state and federal layers of government and examples of local ordinances in a variety of planning areas. New material includes discussions of education and equity in planning the City Beautiful Movement Daniel Burnham's plan for Chicago segregation Knick v. Township of Scott reforming single-family zoning and regulatory challenges in zoning and land use Daniel Parolek's ‘Missing Middle Housing'climate change, mitigation, adaptation, and resiliency the drinking water crisis in Flint, Michigan sharing programs for cars, bicycles, and scooters hybrid electric and autonomous vehicles Vision Zero COVID-19 relief for housing Innovation Districts, Promise Zones, and Opportunity Zones the sharing, gig, and creative economies scenic views and vistas, monuments, statues, and remembering the past; and healthy cities, Health Impact Assessment, and active living This detailed account of urbanization in the United States reveals the problematic nature and limitations of the planning process, the fallibility of experts, and the difficulties facing policy-makers in their search for solutions. Planning in the USA, fifth edition, is an essential book for students of urban planning, urban politics, environmental geography, and environment politics. It will be a valuable resource for planners and all who are concerned with the nature of contemporary urban and environmental problems.

This SAGE Handbook brings together cutting edge social scientific research and theoretical insight into the emerging contours of digital society. Chapters explore the relationship between digitisation, social organisation and social transformation at both the macro and micro level, making this a valuable resource for postgraduate students and academics conducting research across the social sciences. The topics covered are impressively far-ranging and timely, including machine learning, social media, surveillance, misinformation, digital labour, and beyond. This innovative Handbook perfectly captures the state of the art of a field which is rapidly gaining cross-disciplinary interest and global importance, and establishes a thematic framework for future teaching and research. Part 1: Theorising Digital Societies Part 2: Researching Digital Societies Part 3: Sociotechnical Systems and Disruptive Technologies in Action Part 4: Digital Society and New Social Dilemmas Part 5: Governance and Regulation Part 6: Digital Futures

Das Buch fasst die Forschung zum unterstützten Wohnen und zur Teilhabe von Menschen mit intellektueller Beeinträchtigung zusammen und weist Richtungen für die inhaltliche und methodische Weiterentwicklung. Im ersten Teil wird die Forschung zum Wohnen mit Unterstützung in der Teilhabeforschung verortet und ein Überblick über die Entwicklung und den Stand der deutschsprachigen und internationalen Wohnforschung gegeben. Der zweite Teil setzt mit der partizipativen Forschung und der Zusammenstellung internationaler standardisierter Erhebungsinstrumente forschungsmethodische Impulse. Im dritten Teil werden innovative Themenfelder (Sozialraum, Organisationskultur, technisch unterstützte Teilhabe, Menschen mit komplexem Unterstützungsbedarf) mit ihren Erkenntnissen und Herausforderungen vorgestellt.Dies ist ein Open-Access-Buch.

This short book discusses the relatively new concept of project-based leisure in leisure research, and relates it to individual and community well-being and quality of life. The book defines PBL as a short-term, reasonably complicated, one-off or occasional, though infrequent, creative undertaking carried out in free time, or time free of disagreeable obligation. Such leisure requires considerable planning, effort, and sometimes skill or knowledge. The book discusses how PBL contributes to subjective well-being, though doing so more modestly than serious leisure and occupational devotion. The book surveys existing field research of the author's own and other studies, and provides original insights on how PBL activities can be used to generate community involvement and subjective well-being.

Dies ist ein Open-Access-Buch.Das Recht auf Gesundheit und Wohlergehen steht allen Menschen zu, unabhängig von Alter, Geschlecht, Beeinträchtigung oder anderen Vielfaltsmerkmalen. Auf die enge Verknüpfung von gesellschaftlicher Teilhabe und bestmöglicher Gesundheit macht das Gemeinschaftswerk aufmerksam. Es weist auf Exklusions- und Isolationsrisiken hin, zeigt Erfahrungen aus der Coronapandemie auf und öffnet Wege, um Benachteiligungen abzubauen, auch für den demografischen Wandel. Vielfache wissenschaftliche Expertise (aus dem Wissenschaftlichen Beirat der Bundesregierung zur Teilhabeberichterstattung) und zukunftsweisende fachliche Debatten werden unterlegt mit neuesten Daten und dem Blick auf die globalen Gesundheitsziele.

Adolescent rites of passage are ubiquitous sociocultural processes that feature across all manner of social activity. As transitional healthcare becomes an increasing fixture within paediatric and adolescent healthcare, this book captures how normative, biomedical and psychologised understandings of youth development permeate social life. Through an in-depth institutional ethnography of a UK teenage epilepsy clinic, Shelda-Jane Smith shows how the prevailing social expectation of transforming from a dependent child into an independent, self-sufficient adult becomes the organising principle of clinical care. Interrogating the everyday work of the clinic and the experiences of parental and professional caregivers, Smith explores how the move from paediatric to adult healthcare gets renegotiated in the context of severe and profound learning disabilities, questioning what happens to transitional processes when young people do not conform to the social standards and expectations of youthhood that are placed upon them. From exploring the fervent application of neuro-psychological developmental models to interrogating expectations of individual independence, Smith draws from the disciplines of Science and Technology Studies, Critical Psychology and Disability Studies and Medical Anthropology to provide an invaluable lens for unpacking the underlying assumptions and tensions of care provision when young people do not emerge into adulthood in socially expected ways.

The 21st century has brought many changes to peacebuilding, armed conflicts, and social movements. Organizations and scholars alike have developed new techniques for bridging cultural divides and enhancing democracy and respect for human rights. Moreover, technological changes have significantly altered conflict spaces. Methodological Advances in Research on Social Movements, Conflict, and Change explores methods for studying contentious politics in the context of these broader social changes. Contributors advance methodological scholarship by developing new tools, discussing new sources of data and their relative value, and addressing controversies and ethical issues that have emerged in the process of collecting or analyzing data. Acknowledging how more movements are using a wider range of tactics to influence a rapidly changing, deeply interconnected world, Methodological Advances in Research on Social Movements, Conflict, and Change appeals to scholars interested in how the study of social movements, peace, and conflict has developed and adapted to keep pace with ongoing socio-political and technological change.

Disability Welfare Policy in Europe:Cognitive Disability and the Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic analyses the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on persons with cognitive disabilities and their families. Written from a Disability Studies perspective, this edited collection investigates education, employment, social and health care services in European case studies. Recognising how Covid-19 health surveillance has limited the rights of all persons, the chapters demonstrate how its impact has been even more severe on persons with cognitive disabilities and their families. Outlining the changes in welfare services during the Covid-19 pandemic that have led to new forms of segregation and hindered full participation of persons with disabilities in society on an equal basis with others, the collection chronicles a setback in the process of implementing the UN Convention for the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UNCRPD). Within the framework of public sociology, Disability Welfare Policy in Europe:Cognitive Disability and the Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic shows the failure of the attempts aimed at shifting disability policy into the mainstream. The authors highlight how persons with disabilities, their families, as well as personnel working in disability welfare policy have fought to keep the perspectives and rights of persons with disabilities on the policy agenda. If the Covid-19 health surveillance has rendered persons with disabilities invisible, how can they be made visible once again?

This expanded second edition of Mitzi Waltz's Autism: A Social and Medical History offers an in-depth examination of how the condition was perceived before it became a separate area of investigation, and how autism has been conceptualised and treated since. As well as strengthening the existing text, Waltz has added material on a number of topics that have received increased attention since the first edition, including the rise of the anti-vaccination movement, the shift towards genetic and genomic research, and the progress of the autism self-advocacy movement. The author examines these issues through the perspective of what they mean for autistic people, clinicians and society, and looks at the challenges still faced by autistic people. Waltz also looks at the increased autism diagnosis among girls and women, and how autism has been represented in traditional media and social media. The book includes information from interviews with key researchers, parents of autistic children and people with autism.

Delphi methods enable the systematic collection of expert judgments. They have proven to be particularly useful when a certain level of expertise and judgment is required to answer a research question. There are different variants of Delphi methods, such as the group Delphi or the real-time Delphi. The book presents current methodological developments and examples of application in the social and health sciences.The contents● Delphi methods: Concepts and variants - Epistemological discussion - Practical challenges - Delphi in the social and health sciences - Real-time Delphi - Delphi markets.● Application examples for Delphi methods - Qualification requirements, recommendations for action for further development and strategy development in the health care industry - Personnel retention and recruitment in occupational nursing - Group Delphi for obesity prevention- Safety and health competence at work - Delphi methods in health promotionThe editorsProf. Dr. Marlen Niederberger is professor for research methods in health promotion and prevention at the PH Schwäbisch Gmünd.Prof. Dr. Ortwin Renn is Scientific Director at the Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies, Potsdam (IASS).This book is a translation of the original German 1st edition Delphi-Verfahren in den Sozial- und Gesundheitswissenschaften by Marlen Niederberger and Ortwin Renn, published by Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden GmbH, part of Springer Nature in 2019. The translation was done with the help of artificial intelligence (machine translation by the service DeepL.com). A subsequent human revision was done primarily in terms of content, so that the book will read stylistically differently from a conventional translation. Springer Nature works continuously to further the development of tools for the production of books and on the related technologies tosupport the authors.

This book uses a multidisciplinary approach to examine the relationship between the quality of domestic life and the home environment, in its material and relational dimension, with individual and social happiness, in the context of current changes.The theme of happiness and well-being is framed within two significant changes, themselves affected by the recent COVID-19 pandemic: the relationship between the individual's quality of life and engagement within the community, and the role of new technologies in everyday life. The authors highlight the relational nature of happiness and the centrality of the home environment in its promotion. Three dimensions of psychosocial well-being in the home are analysed: the personal one, consisting of a sense of stability, intimacy and sharing; the social one, which considers the domestic environment as a place for civic education and, in times of pandemic, the site of professional activity and the physical one, consisting of spaces, services and architectural styles.This book is ideal for readers who wish to cross disciplinary boundaries and explore the topic of domestic happiness in its different facets. The target audience is both professional researchers and advanced graduate and undergraduate students.Chapter 12 of this book is now OA on www.taylorfrancis.com under Creative Commons licens CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0.

This book develops an understanding of researchers'engagements with their subjects as a generative mode of knowledge production that takes place between researchers and their research fields. It promotes the idea that rather than value neutrality, caring may be helpful when a researcher makes suggestions for improvement and constructs interventions. The authors reflect on questions such as how researchers take can sides without taking a fundamental principle of action for granted. What tensions and obstacles do researchers meet while they strive to engage carefully? How do careful engagements affect academic work and output? What inequalities are produced especially when there is funding involved in the research? The contributions discuss a range of topics including responsibility (and response-ability), collaboration, proximity, ethics, bodily entanglements, values, and affective attachments in social research. The book brings together an impressive team of international researchers from different disciplines to nuance the discussion and provides a rich collection of empirical studies from healthcare, urban planning, environmental science, participatory design, and museums, among others. This is a very topical volume for all social and behavioural scientists engaging in research, particularly those engaged in ethnographic research.

El ocio de las personas y las dimensiones que lo confi guran son cada vez más importantes para construir la felicidad y el bienestar social. El derecho a la práctica del ocio, en el caso de los colectivos con menos recursos y oportunidades, debe ser garantizado desde las diferentes políticas, instituciones y profesionales que trabajan y promueven la inclusión social. En este libro participan expertos e investigadores en la temática del ocio. En los diferentes capítulos se presentan prácticas de ocio valiosas que permiten una socialización, especialmente en la juventud, con mayores garantías y que no depende tanto de la capacidad de acceso a las actividades y espacios de ocio. Esta obra tiene interés al promover alternativas de ocio valiosas e inclusivas en las que la participación es una vía de aprendizaje dentro del proceso de socialización a lo largo de la vida de las personas. También, se realizan propuestas que pueden inspirer a representantes de instituciones y entidades sociales, profesionales e investigadores interesados en la intervención socioeducativa en diferentes contextos sociales. Estas propuestas se basan en resultados de investigación y contribuyen a adaptar espacios de ocio desde el rigor de la innovación que implica la transferencia social del conocimiento.

Digital transformation is one of the most discussed topics today because of its impact on society and the economy. This book explores how digital transformation can be made sustainable and how sustainability strategies can be integrated into the different phases of digital transformation development. It shows how ICT experts, managers, and policy makers can contribute to a sustainable digital transformation by examining the technological, organizational, and societal implications. The book is based on a selection of best papers on this topic presented at the annual conference of the Italian Chapter of AIS in Trento, Italy, in October 2021.The plurality of views offered makes the book particularly relevant for scholars, companies, and organizations in the public sector.

Bringing together a collection of essays by writers with diverse knowledge of the US criminal justice system, from those with personal experience in prison and on patrol to scholarly researchers, What Is a Criminal? explores the category of'criminal'through the human stories of those who bear and administer that label.This book performs a rare feat in bringing together the perspectives of justice-impacted people, those who work in law enforcement and social services, and scholarly researchers. Each chapter is a compelling narrative sharing the experience and perspective of a unique person with knowledge of the justice system. The first section,'Incarceration, Reentry, and Rebuilding,'gives a glimpse into the'black box'of prison, with firsthand accounts of daily life on the inside and the struggle to begin a new life after prison. Section 2,'Journeys in Law Enforcement,'presents perspectives from police officers, school resource officers, and corrections officers who are working to better their communities. The third section,'Ripple Effects,'addresses some of the broader impacts of the justice system, showing what it is like to be the child of an incarcerated parent, to be profiled, to be an undocumented immigrant, and to make art about the justice system. The final section,'Scholarly Perspectives,'is comprised of accessible articles by academics who study law and crime. Each chapter stands alone as an individual story, but taken together they provide a uniquely nuanced view of the US justice system.This book will be of interest to anyone who wants to know more about criminality, the US justice system, and the people involved in it. It is designed for a general audience, with accessible, compelling stories that will appeal to a variety of readers. It is an effective text for college and high school courses about crime and criminality, and provides excellent fodder for discussion in law enforcement and social services training programs or professional development workshops.